| 1. |
- Ekblom, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of the hip abduction orthosis on muscle activity in children with Cerebral Palsy
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 18:2, s. 55-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hip abduction orthoses are commonly used as adjuncts to create a symmetrical and stable sitting position for children with spastic diplegia. This study investigated how activity in m. Adductor longus, m. Rectus femoris, m. Gastrocnemius and m. Erector spinae was affected while sitting in a ''functional sitting position'' (FSP) performing five upper extremity tasks under four test conditions, one without hip orthosis and three with the orthosis set at three different spring lengths. The experimental group consisted of four children with spastic diplegia (mean age 4 years), while five healthy children (mean age 7 years) served as controls. The initial hip abduction angle adopted spontaneously by each child was measured by a goniometer. Muscle activity was measured by surface electromyography (EMG) during three minutes under each test condition. The children in the experimental group were also assessed from videofilms with the Sitting Assessment Scale (SAS) and the SAS scores were compared to the EMG results. The results of the study failed to demonstrate significant difference in EMG voltage under different sitting conditions, without or with hip abduction orthosis adjusted to varying hip abduction positions. This may imply that if a functional sitting position is assured, further addition of an orthosis is not needed. Follow-up study on a larger group of children with CP may be advisable
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| 2. |
- Engh, L, et al.
(författare)
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Intra- and inter-rater reliability of goniometric method of measuring head posture
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 19:3, s. 175-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of a method aimed to measure the head position relative to shoulders with a universal goniometer. The subjects included 31 healthy individuals with mean age 31.5 years. To examine intra-rater reliability, two assistants carried out the measurements on two occasions with an interval of eight days. To examine inter-rater reliability, four assistants carried out the measurements. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC based on one factor repeated measures ANOVA) was 0.91 for the first assistantand 0.94 for the second. No significant difference was evident between the two assessment occasions for the two assistants. ICC was also used to estimate the inter-rater reliability of the four assistants' measurements and was 0.95. The mean difference between the four assistants' reading varied from 0.1 to 1.6 degrees. It was concluded that the measurement of head position relative to shoulders with a goniometer is a reliable method. However, standardisation of method is important to get reliable measurement results in this method, as it is in any measurement method.
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| 3. |
- Eurenius, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes toward physical activity among people with rheumatoid arthritis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 9:1, s. 10-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical activity confers health benefits in the general population, and this also seems to apply to people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Less explicit barriers than pain need to be explored and overcome to initiate and successfully maintain physical activity in individuals with RA. The present aim was to describe variations in attitudes to physical activity in a group of people with RA. Sixteen people with RA were chosen to represent various ages, genders, disease duration, functioning, and health habits. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were carried out, transcribed, qualitatively analysed, and categorised on the basis of similarities and differences. The analysis indicated that attitudes toward physical activity could not be understood without inclusion of attitudes toward the disease and sometimes to life in general. Two dimensions of attitude, motivation and satisfaction, were identified. Four categories were revealed: motivated and satisfied, unmotivated and satisfied, motivated and dissatisfied, and unmotivated and dissatisfied, each representing different attitudes to physical activity. Our findings stress the importance of developing different educational interventions that address attitudes to physical activity in order to implement a healthy life style in individuals with RA.
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| 4. |
- Gard, Gunvor, et al.
(författare)
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Are emotions important for good interaction in treatment situations?
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 20:2, s. 107-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emotional aspects in interaction have been an area of growing interest in recent decades.The aims of this research were to investigate the role of emotions in interactions between individuals receiving physiotherapy and their therapists providing PT services to them in psychiatric care. The study was a qualitative case study with cross-case analysis according to Shephard et al (1993) and Merriam (1988). Eleven informants participated all of them experts in interaction with patients. All informants perceived that emotional aspects were important for good interaction between physiotherapist and patient. It was considered important to identify and express emotions as a PT but also to identify emotions in patients and help patients to express emotions. The following themes were identified: emotions as a basis for interaction, identifying and using one's own emotions as a PT, separating one's own emotions form the patients' emotions, emotions as a motivating force,body language and emotion
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| 5. |
- Gard, Gunvor, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in life-views and ethical viewpoints during physiotherapy education
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 19:2, s. 63-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A life-view can be described an an overall view of man and the world. An individual's life-view can change as a result of attending university. The life-view determines the response to reality and influences decision making and the treatment of other people. The aim of this study is to compare life-views and ethical viewpoints in the same group of physiotherapy students in their first and last semester of study and to describe physiotherapy students' perceptions of the importance of life-views in physiotherapy education. A reliable and valid questionnaire about life-views together with questions covering ethical aspects was used. All physiotherapy students beginning their education at Lund University between 1996 and 1998 answered a questionnaire in their first and last semester of study. The students expressed high agreement with a religious and evolutionary life-view and a low agreement with a scientific life-view in both their first and last semester of study. Amore varied opinion and reduced agreement were shown over time in religious, scientific, and evolutionary life-views. The students were patient-centred in their attitudes at both points in time, and the opinion that quality of life was more important than life increased between their first and last semester of study. The students also were positive toward euthanasia at both points. A life-view was considered important for the practical work as a physiotherapist. Fifty percent of the students were of the opinion that they had changed their life-view during their education to a more accepting and tolerant one and that their ethical awareness had been deepened
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| 6. |
- Malmgren Olsson, Eva-Britt, et al.
(författare)
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Non-specific musculoskeletal disorders in patients in primary care : subgroups with different outcome patterns
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 19:3, s. 161-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with non-specific musculoskeletal disorders are considered to be a heterogeneous group with multifactorial problems. Appropriate and effective treatments for these patients have been hard to find. The purpose of this study was to identify subgroups of patients with different patterns of treatment outcome and to find possible predictors of outcome. A total of 78 patients, 64 females and 14 males, with non-specific musculoskeletal disorders were recruited consecutively to three different treatment approaches, Body Awareness Therapy, Feldenkrais, and conventional, individual physiotherapy in primary care. The outcome variables were calculated as effect-size values and consisted of dynamic balance; pain measurements according to pain drawing and MPI; psychological variables such as psychological distress and self-image; and health related factors with regard to quality of life, self-efficacy and sense of coherence. A cluster analysis revealed three subgroups of patients with significantly different treatment outcomes, which were systematically related to the treatment approach. With Body Awareness Therapy and Feldenkrais, the possibility to achieve positive treatment effects increased significantly in comparison to individual physiotherapy.
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| 7. |
- Szybek, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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The physiotherapist-patient relationship : Applying a psychotherapy model
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 16:4, s. 181-193
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to elaborate the concept of the physiotherapist - patient relationship, taking counselling and psychotherapeutic encounters as the model. The relationship is described as consisting of three components: the working alliance, the transference configuration, and the real relationship. The model of interactions between the therapist and the patient during physiotherapeutic treatment is developed. According to this, the process and the outcome of a treatment are influenced by two factors: (1) the degree of insight-seeking orientation, and (2) the interplay of the three components of the relationship. The application of the model in physiotherapeutic practice is illustrated by means of three case studies.
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| 8. |
- Söderlund, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive behavioural components in physiotherapy management of chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD) - a randomised group study.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 17:4, s. 229-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Different types of integrated management programmes have lately been introduced in the treatment of Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD). In this study regular primary care physiotherapy and physiotherapy management with integrated components of cognitive-behavioural origin was compared in an experimental group study. The predictive value of self-efficacy was also addressed. Thirty-three patients with chronic WAD were included in the trial. Results revealed no significant differences between groups in self-ratings of disability or pain intensity. However, among the self-reported benefits of treatment, patients in the experimental group reported significantly less pain than did the comparison group. At three months follow-up the experimental group also reported better performance of daily activities. Between group differences in the coping repertoire were found at pre-, post-, and three-month follow-up. Generally, patients with high self-efficacy reported less use of "maladaptive" and passive coping style than patients with low self-efficacy, at all times. In conclusion cognitive behavioural components can be useful in physiotherapy treatment for patients with chronic WAD, but their contributions are not yet fully understood. Self-efficacy is related to patients' use of different coping styles. Positive long-term outcomes in WAD-patients could therefore be improved by enhancing patients' self-efficacy and by teaching them to use active, adaptive coping strategies.
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| 9. |
- Åsenlöf, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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Behavioral goal assessment in patients with persistent musculoskeletal pain
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 20:4, s. 243-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identification and achievement of behavioral goals is an important issue in pain rehabilitation. For this dual purpose, we developed a patient-specific clinical tool—the Patient Goal Priority Questionnaire (PGPQ). Using the PGPQ, this study identifies patients' behavioral goals for physical therapy (PT) in a primary health care sample of patients with persistent musculoskeletal pain. In addition, this study examines the concurrent validity of the PGPQ in relation to a generic measure of disability, the Pain Disability Index (PDI). In all, 197 subjects participated in the study. The behavioral goals differed among the patients, comprehending several everyday activities and behaviors, and thus an individualized and behavioral focus was relevant for these patients. The PGPQ was negatively and moderately correlated with the PDI, indicating patient-specific properties of the new instrument. An elaborated version of the PGPQ can serve (a) as a clinical tool for identification of the patient's priorities of behavioral goals for PT, (b) as a clinical tool for collaborative formative evaluation during treatment, and (c) as a complementary measure in research for assessment of clinically significant changes related to behavioral performance.
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