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- Danielson, J, et al.
(författare)
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Vital exhaustion in relation to lipid profile in healthy women
- 2001
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Ingår i: Psychosomatic Medicine. - Karolinska Inst, Div Prevent Med, Stockholm, Sweden. : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0033-3174 .- 1534-7796. ; 63:1, s. 106-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Ekstedt, Mirjam, et al.
(författare)
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Microarousals during sleep are associated with increased levels of lipids, cortisol, and blood pressure
- 2004
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Ingår i: Psychosomatic Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0033-3174 .- 1534-7796. ; 66:6, s. 925-931
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Previous work has demonstrated a link between restricted sleep and risk indicators for cardiovascular and metabolic disease, such as levels of cortisol, lipids, and glucose. The present study sought to identify relations between polysomnographic measures of disturbed sleep (frequency of arousals from sleep, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency) and a number of such indicators. A second purpose was to relate the number of arousals to mood, stress, work characteristics, and other possible predictors in daily life.Methods: Twenty-four people (10 men, 14 women; mean age 30 years), high vs. low on burnout, were recruited from a Swedish IT company. Polysomnographically recorded sleep was measured at home before a workday. Blood pressure, heart rate, morning blood sample, and saliva samples of cortisol were measured the subsequent working day. They were also recorded for diary ratings of sleep and stress, and a questionnaire with ratings of sleep, stress, work conditions, and mood was completed.Results: A stepwise regression analysis using sleep parameters as predictors brought out number of arousals as the best predictor of morning cortisol (serum and saliva), heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and LDL/HDL-ratio. Work stress/unclear boundaries between work and leisure time was the best predictor of arousals among the stress variables.Conclusion: Consistent with sleep restriction experiments, sleep fragmentation was associated with elevated levels of metabolic and cardiovascular risk indicators of stress-related disorders. Number of arousals also seems to be related to workload/stress.
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- Petersson, Lena-marie, et al.
(författare)
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Differential Effects of Cancer Rehabilitation Depending on Diagnosis and Patients' Cognitive Coping Style
- 2002
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Ingår i: Psychosomatic Medicine. - 0033-3174 .- 1534-7796. ; 64:6, s. 971-980
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The major aim was to explore the extent to which the Miller Behavioral Style Scale (MBSS) can be used to differentiate cancer patients who are likely to benefit from rehabilitation efforts with a strong information component from those who are not. METHODS: Newly diagnosed patients with breast, gastrointestinal, or prostate cancer (N = 442) were included in a randomized, prospective study of the effects (on anxiety, depression, intrusion, avoidance) of rehabilitation approximately 4 months after diagnosis as compared with control patients. Patients were classified as "monitors" or "blunters" on the basis of the MBSS (368 patients, 83%, completed the MBSS). RESULTS: The expected interaction at postintervention between coping style and experimental condition (ie, rehabilitation or control) was found only for avoidance among breast and prostate cancer patients. Assignment to the rehabilitation or control condition was of no importance for outcome among blunters. Among monitors, the response pattern differed between breast and prostate cancer patients. Prostate cancer monitors seemed to benefit from rehabilitation on all outcome measures, whereas intrusion and avoidance were reduced among breast cancer patients in the control condition. This interaction of diagnosis with condition (rehabilitation or control) among monitors is suggested to be due to demands for diagnosis-specific information during diagnostic work, in the period just after diagnosis, and before treatment decision. CONCLUSIONS: Only the monitor concept seems useful for predicting response to cancer rehabilitation with a strong information component. However, whether rehabilitation is of benefit depends also on other factors.
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- Rydén, Anna, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Coping and distress: what happens after intervention? A 2-year follow-up from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Psychosomatic medicine. - 1534-7796. ; 65:3, s. 435-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The study examined effects of weight change on coping and distress in severely obese subjects treated conventionally or undergoing weight reduction surgery. METHODS: We used the Obesity Coping (OC) scale measuring emotion-focused, maladaptive coping (Wishful Thinking) and problem-focused, adaptive coping (Social Trust and Fighting Spirit). We also used the Obesity Distress (OD) scale (Intrusion and Helplessness) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale. A total of 1146 surgical candidates and 1085 conventionally treated patients completed the OC and OD before treatment and after 24 months. RESULTS: Weight gainers reduced their use of both problem- and emotion-focused coping, thus leaving distress levels unchanged. All participants who lost weight decreased in emotion-focused coping and distress. Participants losing 20 kg or more also increased in problem-focused coping, resulting in even greater improvements regarding distress. CONCLUSIONS: Two years after starting treatment, the pattern and magnitude of change in coping and distress was the same irrespective of type of treatment and was, instead, related to the amount of weight change (the more weight change the greater the changes in coping and distress). Increases in problem-focused coping required major weight reduction, whereas minor weight gain led to a decrease. Emotion-focused coping decreased irrespective of direction of weight change, suggesting a general intervention effect of receiving professional help and support. These results have implications concerning behavior-based interventions of obese patients.
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- Simrén, Magnus, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment with hypnotherapy reduces the sensory and motor component of the gastrocolonic response in irritable bowel syndrome.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Psychosomatic medicine. - 1534-7796. ; 66:2, s. 233-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Postprandial symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome are common and relate to an exaggerated motor and sensory component of the gastrocolonic response. We investigated whether this response can be affected by hypnotherapy. METHODS: We included 28 patients with irritable bowel syndrome refractory to other treatments. They were randomized to receive gut-directed hypnotherapy 1 hour per week for 12 weeks (N = 14) or were provided with supportive therapy (control group; N = 14). Before randomization and after 3 months, all patients underwent a colonic distension trial before and after a 1-hour duodenal lipid infusion. Colonic sensory thresholds and tonic and phasic motor activity were assessed. RESULTS: Before randomization, reduced thresholds after vs. before lipid infusion were seen in both groups for all studied sensations. At 3 months, the colonic sensitivity before duodenal lipids did not differ between groups. Controls reduced their thresholds after duodenal lipids for gas (22 +/- 1.7 mm Hg vs. 16 +/- 1.6 mm Hg, p <.01), discomfort (29 +/- 2.9 mm Hg vs. 22 +/- 2.6 mm Hg, p <.01), and pain (33 +/- 2.7 mm Hg vs. 26 +/- 3.3 mm Hg, p <.01), whereas the hypnotherapy group reduced their thresholds after lipids only for pain (35 +/- 4.0 mm Hg vs. 29 +/- 4.7 mm Hg, p <.01). The colonic balloon volumes and tone response at randomization were similar in both groups. At 3 months, baseline balloon volumes were lower in the hypnotherapy group than in controls (83 +/- 14 ml vs. 141 +/- 15 ml, p <.01). In the control group, reduced balloon volumes during lipid infusion were seen (141 +/- 15 ml vs. 111 +/- 19 ml, p <.05), but not after hypnotherapy (83 +/- 14 ml vs. 80 +/- 16 ml, p >.20). CONCLUSION: Hypnotherapy reduces the sensory and motor component of the gastrocolonic response in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. These effects may be involved in the clinical efficacy of hypnotherapy in IBS.
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- Weidner, G, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress in the Stockholm Female Coronary Risk Study
- 2001
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Ingår i: Psychosomatic Medicine. - SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Educ, Dept Hlth Psychol, Schwabisch Gmund, Germany. Karolinska Inst, Dept Prevent Med, Stockholm, Sweden. Karolinska Inst, Dept Cardiol, Stockholm, Sweden. Karolinska Hosp, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Stockholm, Student Hlth Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0033-3174 .- 1534-7796. ; 63:6, s. 917-924
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study evaluated the ability of mental stress testing to discriminate between women with and without CHD, and among women with different disease manifestations, taking into account history of hypertension and beta -blocker use. Methods: Analyses were based on data from a community-based case-control study of women aged 65 years or younger. The study group consisted of 292 women who were hospitalized for an acute event of CHD, either AMI or unstable AP in Stockholm between 1991 and 1994. Controls were matched to cases by age and catchment area. Cardiovascular reactivity and emotional response to an anagram task solved under time pressure were measured 3 to 6 months after hospitalization. Results: Patients reacted with smaller increases in heart rate (4 bpm) than their controls (7 bpm). Results for the rate-pressure product were similar. Cardiovascular reactions did not distinguish patients with AP from those with AML History of hypertension (present in 50% of patients and 11% of controls) was related to enhanced diastolic blood pressure reactivity. Patients on beta -blockers (66%) had lower heart-rate levels throughout testing, but did not differ in their cardiovascular stress reactions when compared with the remaining participants. Conclusions: Women with heart disease have somewhat lower heart-rate responses to stress than healthy age-matched controls. History of hypertension is related to enhanced diastolic blood pressure reactivity to mental stress in both patients and controls.
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