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- Han, Hedong, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in HIV-positive patients : a nationwide population-based analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Urology and Nephrology. - : Springer. - 0301-1623 .- 1573-2584.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes between patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in light of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) as the most common surgical technique for prostate cancer. Previous data on perioperative complication rates of RALRP in HIV(+) patients are limited by small sample size.Methods: The National Inpatient Sample database from 2008 to 2014 was used to query prostate cancer patients who underwent RALRP. HIV(+) patients were identified through ICD9 codes 042, 043, 044, V08 and 079.53. Intraoperative and postoperative complications, rate of blood transfusion, in-hospital mortality, prolonged length of stay and total cost were compared by univariate, multivariate regression and 1:4 propensity score matched analyses.Results: Overall, 270,319 weighted patients undergoing RALRP were identified, among whom 546 (0.20%) patients were diagnosed with HIV. Patients with HIV were younger, less likely to be white and had more comorbidities. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that HIV(+) patients had significantly increased genitourinary complications (odds ratio [OR]: 3.31; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-10.68) and miscellaneous surgical events (OR 3.19; 95% CI 1.26-8.08). There were no differences in potentially life-threatening cardiac, respiratory and vascular events between patients with and without HIV after RALRP. Propensity score matched analysis yielded similar results.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that patients who underwent RALRP with HIV did not experience higher risk of potentially life-threatening postoperative complications. RALRP could be safely considered as a surgical treatment for HIV(+) patients with prostate cancer.
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- Wasén, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Epidermal growth factor receptor function in the human urothelium
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Urology and Nephrology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0301-1623 .- 1573-2584. ; 50:4, s. 647-656
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018, The Author(s). Purpose: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr)-targeted therapy may be used in subgroups of patients with urinary bladder cancer. Here we assessed the role of EGFr in urothelial proliferation and migration in a two- and three-dimensional cell culture system. Methods: UROtsa cells derived from normal urothelium and malignant T24 cells were cultured in a Type I collagengel. Proliferation and migration of urothelial cells, in the absence and presence of the EGFr inhibitor cetuximab, were assessed with a proliferation test (ATCC) and with the Axioplan 2 imaging microscope with a motorized stage (Carl Zeiss), respectively. The expressions of cytokeratin (CK) 17, CK20, EGFr, pEGFr, laminin, occludin and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) were assessed with immunohistochemistry and/or western blot. Results: UROtsa spheroids were formed after 7days in culture, while T24 cells did not form spheroids. UROtsa expressed CK20 but not laminin or CK17 and consequently resembled umbrella cells. In UROtsa and T24, cetuximab inhibited urothelial proliferation, induced cleavage of EGFr and/or pEGFR but did not affect urothelial migration. The tight junction protein occludin was cleaved, and the formation of cellular spheroids was inhibited in UROtsa by the presence of cetuximab. Conclusions: EGFr modulates urothelial proliferation and the formation of the three-dimensional structure of the urothelium possibly by interfering with occludin. The present data also show a cell culture technique enabling phenotypically normal urothelial cells to form epithelial structures in contrast to malignant urothelial cells.
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- Stickley, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood hunger and depressive symptoms in adulthood : findings from a population-based study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 226, s. 332-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Several studies have linked childhood hunger to an increased risk for later depression. However, as yet, there has been little research on this relation in adults of all ages or whether there are sex differences in this association. The current study examined these issues using data from a national population-based sample.Methods: Data were analyzed from 5095 adults aged 25–84 collected during the Estonian Health Interview Survey 2006. Information was obtained on the frequency of going to bed hungry in childhood and on depressive symptoms using the Emotional State Questionnaire (EST-Q). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between hunger and depression while controlling for other demographic, socioeconomic and health-related variables.Results: In a fully adjusted model, going to bed hungry in childhood either sometimes or often was associated with significantly increased odds for adult depressive symptoms. When the analysis was stratified by sex the association was more evident in men where any frequency of childhood hunger was linked to adult depression while only women who had experienced hunger often had higher odds for depressive symptoms in the final model.Limitations: Data on childhood hunger were retrospectively reported and may have been affected by recall bias. We also lacked information on potentially relevant variables such as other childhood adversities that might have been important for the observed associations.Conclusion: Childhood hunger is associated with an increased risk for depressive symptoms among adults. Preventing hunger in childhood may be important for mental health across the life course.
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