| 1. |
- Ademovski, Seida Erovic, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of periodontal therapy on intra-oral halitosis : a case series
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:5, s. 445-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on intra-oral halitosis 3 months after therapy.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-eight adults with intra-oral halitosis were included in a case series. Intra-oral halitosis was evaluated at baseline, and at 3 months after treatment using the organoleptic scores (OLS), Halimeter® , and a gas chromatograph.RESULTS: Significant reductions for OLS (p < 0.01), total sum of volatile sulphur compounds (T-VSC) (p < 0.01) and methyl mercaptan (MM) (p < 0.05) values were found after treatment. Hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) levels were not significantly reduced. The numbers of probing pockets 4 mm, 5 mm and 6 mm were significantly reduced as a result of therapy (p < 0.001). Bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque indices were also significantly reduced (p < 0.001). For the 34 individuals with successful periodontal treatment (BOP<20% and a ≥50% reduction of total pocket depth) reductions in OLS (p < 0.01) and T-VSC scores (p < 0.01) were found. Eleven individuals were considered effectively treated for intra-oral halitosis presenting with a T-VSC value <160 ppb, a H2 S value <112 ppb and a MM value <26 ppb.CONCLUSION: Non-surgical periodontal therapy resulted in reduction of OLS, MM and T-VSC values 3 months after therapy. Few individuals were considered as effectively treated for intra-oral halitosis.
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| 2. |
- Akhi, Ramin, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-reactive saliva IgA antibodies to oxidized LDL and periodontal pathogens in humans.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 44:7, s. 682-691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) are formed as a result of lipid peroxidation and are highly immunogenic and proatherogenic. In this study, saliva antibodies binding to oxLDL, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) were characterized and their cross-reactivity was evaluated.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Resting and stimulated saliva samples were collected from 36 healthy adults (mean age 26 years). Saliva IgA, IgG and IgM autoantibody levels to copper oxidized LDL (CuOx-LDL) and malondialdehyde acetaldehyde-modified LDL (MAA-LDL) were determined with chemiluminescence immunoassay.RESULTS: Saliva IgA and IgG antibodies binding to MAA-LDL and CuOx-LDL were detected in all samples and they were associated with the saliva levels of IgA and IgG to P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Competitive immunoassay showed that saliva antibodies to MAA-LDL cross-reacted specifically with P. gingivalis. The autoantibody levels to oxLDL in saliva were not associated with the autoantibody levels to oxLDL in plasma or with saliva apolipoprotein B 100 levels.CONCLUSIONS: Saliva contains IgA and IgG binding to oxLDL, which showed cross-reactive properties with the periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g). The data suggest that secretory IgA to P.g may participate in immune reactions involved in LDL oxidation through molecular mimicry.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Berglundh, Tord, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions
- 2018
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Ingår i: J Clin Periodontol. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A classification for peri-implant diseases and conditions was presented. Focused questions on the characteristics of peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis, and soft- and hard-tissue deficiencies were addressed. Peri-implant health is characterized by the absence of erythema, bleeding on probing, swelling, and suppuration. It is not possible to define a range of probing depths compatible with health; Peri-implant health can exist around implants with reduced bone support. The main clinical characteristic of peri-implant mucositis is bleeding on gentle probing. Erythema, swelling, and/or suppuration may also be present. An increase in probing depth is often observed in the presence of peri-implant mucositis due to swelling or decrease in probing resistance. There is strong evidence from animal and human experimental studies that plaque is the etiological factor for peri-implant mucositis. Peri-implantitis is a plaque-associated pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. Peri-implantitis sites exhibit clinical signs of inflammation, bleeding on probing, and/or suppuration, increased probing depths and/or recession of the mucosal margin in addition to radiographic bone loss. The evidence is equivocal regarding the effect of keratinized mucosa on the long-term health of the peri-implant tissue. It appears, however, that keratinized mucosa may have advantages regarding patient comfort and ease of plaque removal. Case definitions in day-to-day clinical practice and in epidemiological or disease-surveillance studies for peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis were introduced. The proposed case definitions should be viewed within the context that there is no generic implant and that there are numerous implant designs with different surface characteristics, surgical and loading protocols. It is recommended that the clinician obtain baseline radiographic and probing measurements following the completion of the implant-supported prosthesis.
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| 5. |
- Bertl, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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A root canal filling per se does not have a significant negative effect on the marginal periodontium
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 42:6, s. 520-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To evaluate the periodontal status of single-rooted endodontically treated teeth (ET), correcting for patient- and tooth-related factors. Methods: Clinical parameters (BoP,PD,CAL) of 240 ET and 240 contralateral vital teeth (VT), before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment, were extracted retrospectively from the journals of 175 patients. Possible patientrelated (age, gender, smoking status) and tooth-related (interproximal restoration, root canal filling’s extent, post, tooth type) confounders were tested. Results: At baseline, frequency of BoP at an interproximal site at ET versus VT was 70.4% versus 65.0%, respectively. The frequency of teeth with interproximal PD ≥5 mm and CAL ≥5 mm was 47.9% versus 42.9% and 54.6% versus 49.6% at ET and VT, respectively. Interproximal PD and CAL at ET versus VT were 3.86 versus 3.61 mm and 4.11 versus 3.95 mm. After correcting for tooth-related factors, no significant differences were observed between ET and VT. An improper restoration had a significant (p < 0.001) negative effect on BoP [OR 3.49 (95%CI: 1.95–6.27)], PD [36.81% (95%CI: 18.52–57.92)] and CAL [27.01% (95% CI: 12.67–43.18)]. No significant differences between ET and VT were observed regarding clinical outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy. Conclusions: Presence of a root canal filling per se does not have a significant negative influence on the marginal periodontium, when correcting for the quality of the interproximal restoration.
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| 6. |
- Bertl, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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How old is old for implant therapy in terms of early implant losses?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 46:12, s. 1282-1293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To assess, retrospectively, whether older age has an impact on implant osseointegration when compared with younger age. Methods: All patients ≥65 years old at implant installation, in an university setting over a time-period of 11.5 years, with complete anamnestic data and follow-up until prosthetic restoration were included and any early implant loss (EIL; i.e., lack of osseointegration prior to or at time-point of prosthetic restoration) was recorded. Further, one implant, from each of the elderly patients was attempted matched to one implant in a younger patient (35 to <55 years old at implant installation) from the same clinic based on: (1) gender, (2) implant region, (3) smoking status, and (4) bone grafting prior to/simultaneously with implant installation. The potential impact of various local and systemic factors on EIL in the entire elderly population, and in the matched elderly and younger patient group were statistically assessed. Results: Four-hundred-forty-four patients ≥65 years old (range 65.1-91.3; 56.8% female) receiving 1517 implants were identified; 10 patients had one EIL each (implant/patient level: 0.66/2.25%). Splitting this patient cohort additionally into 4 age groups [65-69.9 (n=213), 70-74.9 (n=111), 75-79.9 (n=80), ≥80 (n=40)] EIL was on the implant level 0.41, 0.83, 0.34, and 2.26%, respectively, (p=0.102) and on the patient level 1.41, 2.70, 1.25, and 7.50%, respectively, (p=0.104); multilevel analysis showed weak evidence of association of increasing age with higher EIL rate (p = 0.090). Matching was possible in 347 cases, and 5 (1.44%) and 9 (2.59%) EIL in the elderly and younger patients, respectively, were observed (p=0.280). EIL could not be associated with any systemic condition or medication intake. Conclusions: Elderly patients ≥65 years old presented a similarly low EIL rate as younger patients 35 to <55 years old, while patients ≥80 years old may have a slight tendency for a higher EIL rate. Hence, aging does not seem to compromise osseointegration, and if at all, then only slightly and at a later stage of life.
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| 7. |
- Bertl, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Hyaluronan in Non-Surgical and Surgical Periodontal Therapy. A Systematic Review.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 42:3, s. 236-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate the effect of hyaluronan (HY) application as monotherapy or as adjunct to non-surgical and/or surgical periodontal therapy. METHODS: Literature search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines with the following main eligibility criteria: (a) English or German language; (b) preclinical in-vivo or human controlled trials; (c) effect size of HY evaluated histologically or clinically. RESULTS: Two preclinical in-vivo studies on surgical treatment and 12 clinical trials on non-surgical and/or surgical treatment were included. Most of the studies were highly heterogeneous, regarding with HY product used and application mode, and of high risk of bias, thus not allowing meta-analysis. The majority of clinical studies described a beneficial, occasionally statistically significant, effect of HY on bleeding on probing (BoP) and pocket depth (PD) reduction (2.28-19.5% and 0.2-0.9mm, respectively), comparing to controls; no adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSIONS: HY application as adjunct to non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment seems to have a beneficial, generally moderate, effect on surrogate outcome variables of periodontal inflammation, i.e., BoP and residual PD, and appears to be safe. The large heterogeneity of included studies, does not allow recommendations on the mode of application or effect size of HY as adjunct to non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatment.
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| 8. |
- Buhlin, Kare, et al.
(författare)
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Association of periodontitis with persistent, pro-atherogenic antibody responses
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 42:11, s. 1006-1014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To study antibody responses associated with molecular mimicry in periodontitis.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-four periodontitis cases (mean age 54.0 years) and 44 controls (53.6 years) were examined, after which cases received periodontal treatment. Established immunoassays were used to analyse levels of antibodies against two pathogens, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), heat shock proteins (Hsp), Hsp60, Hsp65, and Hsp70, and epitopes of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) (CuOx-LDL and MDA-LDL) in plasma samples that were collected at baseline, after 3 (n=48) and 6 (n=30) months.RESULTS: When age, sex, smoking habit, and the number of teeth were considered in multivariate logistic regressions, Aa and Pg IgG, Hsp65-IgA, CuOx-LDL-IgG and -IgM and MDA-LDL-IgG antibody levels were associated with periodontitis, whereas Hsp60-IgG2 antibody levels were inversely associated. The Aa antibody levels significantly correlated with the levels of IgA antibodies to Hsp65 and Hsp70, and both OxLDL IgA-antibody levels. The levels of antibodies to Pg correlated with IgG antibodies to Hsp60, Hsp70 and both oxLDL antibody epitopes. None of the antibody levels changed significantly after treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Periodontitis is associated with persistently high levels of circulating antibodies that are reactive with pathogen- and host-derived antigens.
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| 9. |
- Carcuac, Olivier, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: 3-year results from a randomized controlled clinical trial.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 44:12, s. 1294-1303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reports on the 3-year follow-up of patients enrolled in a randomized controlled clinical trial on surgical treatment of advanced peri-implantitis.A total of 100 patients with advanced peri-implantitis were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups. Surgical therapy aiming at pocket elimination was performed and, in three test groups, supplemented by either systemic antibiotics, use of an antiseptic agent for implant surface decontamination or both. Outcomes were evaluated after 1 and 3years by means of clinical and radiological examinations. Differences between groups were explored by regression analysis.Clinical examinations at 3years after treatment revealed (i) improved peri-implant soft tissue health with a mean reduction in probing depth of 2.7mm and a reduction in bleeding/suppuration on probing of 40% and (ii) stable peri-implant marginal bone levels (mean bone loss during follow-up: 0.04mm). Implant surface characteristics had a significant impact on 3-year outcomes, in favour of implants with non-modified surfaces. Benefits of systemic antibiotics were limited to implants with modified surfaces and to the first year of follow-up.It is suggested that surgical treatment of peri-implantitis is effective and that outcomes of therapy are affected by implant surface characteristics. Potential benefits of systemic antibiotics are not sustained over 3years.
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| 10. |
- Chapple, Iain L C, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction of lifestyle, behaviour or systemic diseases with dental caries and periodontal diseases: consensus report of group 2 of the joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 44:Suppl 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Periodontal diseases and dental caries are the most common diseases of humans and the main cause of tooth loss. Both diseases can lead to nutritional compromise and negative impacts upon self-esteem and quality of life. As complex chronic diseases, they share common risk factors, such as a requirement for a pathogenic plaque biofilm, yet they exhibit distinct pathophysiologies. Multiple exposures contribute to their causal pathways, and susceptibility involves risk factors that are inherited (e.g. genetic variants), and those that are acquired (e.g. socio-economic factors, biofilm load or composition, smoking, carbohydrate intake). Identification of these factors is crucial in the prevention of both diseases as well as in their management.To systematically appraise the scientific literature to identify potential risk factors for caries and periodontal diseases.One systematic review (genetic risk factors), one narrative review (role of diet and nutrition) and reference documentation for modifiable acquired risk factors common to both disease groups, formed the basis of the report.There is moderately strong evidence for a genetic contribution to periodontal diseases and caries susceptibility, with an attributable risk estimated to be up to 50%. The genetics literature for periodontal disease is more substantial than for caries and genes associated with chronic periodontitis are the vitamin D receptor (VDR), Fc gamma receptor IIA (Fc-γRIIA) and Interleukin 10 (IL10) genes. For caries, genes involved in enamel formation (AMELX, AMBN, ENAM, TUFT, MMP20, and KLK4), salivary characteristics (AQP5), immune regulation and dietary preferences had the largest impact. No common genetic variants were found. Fermentable carbohydrates (sugars and starches) were the most relevant common dietary risk factor for both diseases, but associated mechanisms differed. In caries, the fermentation process leads to acid production and the generation of biofilm components such as Glucans. In periodontitis, glycaemia drives oxidative stress and advanced glycation end-products may also trigger a hyper inflammatory state. Micronutrient deficiencies, such as for vitamin C, vitamin D or vitamin B12, may be related to the onset and progression of both diseases. Functional foods or probiotics could be helpful in caries prevention and periodontal disease management, although evidence is limited and biological mechanisms not fully elucidated. Hyposalivation, rheumatoid arthritis, smoking/tobacco use, undiagnosed or sub-optimally controlled diabetes and obesity are common acquired risk factors for both caries and periodontal diseases.
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