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- Karlsson, Lisa K, et al.
(författare)
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Human Dermal Fibroblasts : A Potential Cell Source for Endothelialization of Vascular Grafts
- 2009
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Ingår i: Annals of Vascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0890-5096 .- 1615-5947. ; 23:5, s. 663-674
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Recently, there has been an intense ongoing search for suitable cell sources for vascular tissue engineering. Previous studies report that cells with multilineage potential have been found within the connective stroma of the skin. In line with this, preliminary data from our group suggest that human dermal fibroblasts have the capacity to alter their phenotype into an endothelial cell-like phenotype in vitro. As a first step in using these cells in vascular tissue engineering, we investigated their ability to form an endothelial cell-like layer on a scaffold in vitro. Furthermore, we studied the possibility of seeding dermal fibroblasts on a scaffold and later commencing with induction toward an endothelial cell-like phenotype. METHODS: Cells cultured in either normal fibroblast medium or endothelial induction medium were seeded on a gelatin-based scaffold. To study the organization of cells, routine staining was performed. Differentiation was confirmed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry with antibodies directed toward molecules commonly used to identify endothelial cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Our data support that human dermal fibroblasts differentiated toward endothelial cell-like cells prior to seeding showed histological resemblance to mature endothelial cells, while fibroblasts seeded and later induced into endothelial differentiation grew in multilayer. However, expression of various surface molecules indicative of an endothelial phenotype was seen using both techniques. In conclusion, the results presented in this study indicate that human dermal fibroblasts differentiated toward an endothelial cell-like phenotype may be a novel cell source for endothelialization of vascular grafts.
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- Ulus, Fatma, et al.
(författare)
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Alterations in Cerebrospinal Fluid PO2, PCO2, and pH Measurements during and after Experimental Thoracic Aortic Cross-Clamping
- 2009
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Ingår i: Annals of Vascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0890-5096 .- 1615-5947. ; 23:1, s. 122-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a model of aortic cross-clamping, we studied the use of a multiparameter sensor for measurement of cerebrospinal. fluid (CSF) PO2, PCO2, and pH during and after aortic cross-clamping. The present study addressed the above-mentioned alterations and their relation according to time intervals. In 31 pigs, a sensor was introduced into the intrathecal space and epidural laser Doppler was used to measure spinal cord blood. flow (SCF). By placing the aortic clamp at different levels, three different spinal cord ischemia groups were obtained (mild, moderate, and severe). CSF variables with SCF were studied for 25%, 50%, and 100% changes according to baseline level. In the clamping period, SCF decreased 71.5%, 40.0%, and 33.3% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. CSF O-2 tension reached 0 in group 1, decreased 74.8% in group 2, and was 12.7% in group 3. CSF CO2 tension increased 247.2% and 202.0% in groups 1 and 2, respectively, but slightly increased in group 3. The maximum reaction time of CSF O-2 tension was about 16.7-26.9 min, although this range was 34.5-49.8 min in CSF CO2 tension. We recognized that O-2 tension reacts faster than PCO2 and pH. It is possible for O-2 tension to be used faster than produced CO2 in the ischemic medium, although it is known that the diffusion rate of CO2 is much higher. Spinal cord O-2 tension monitoring is an important method to detect ischemic changes.
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- Westman, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on skeletal muscle glutathione status of ischemia and reperfusion following abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Annals of Vascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0890-5096 .- 1615-5947. ; 20:1, s. 99-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glutathione (GSH) is an important endogenous scavenger against reactive oxygen species. Elective abdominal surgery without ischemia and reperfusion leads to decreased muscle GSH concentrations 4-72 hr postoperatively without altering GSH redox status. In the present study, we investigated to what extent muscle GSH status was affected during and following elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. From patients (n = 10) undergoing abdominal aortic repair, thigh muscle specimens were taken preoperatively, at maximal ischemia, and at 10 min and 4, 24, and 48 hr of reperfusion. Specimens were analyzed for GSH, amino acids, and energy-rich compounds. At maximal ischemia, phosphocreatine decreased by 37% (p < 0.05) and lactate and creatine increased by 274% and 57% (p < 0.001 and 0.05), respectively, indicating ischemia during the clamping of aorta. Adenosine triphosphate, on the other hand, remained unaltered during the entire study period. Total GSH (tGSH) decreased by 46% at 24 hr and by 43% at 48 hr of reperfusion (p < 0.001), while reduced GSH decreased by 48% at 24 hr and by 44% at 48 hr (p < 0.001). The redox status (GSH/tGSH) of GSH and oxidized GSH remained unaltered. Among the constituent amino acids of GSH, glycine and cysteine remained unaltered while glutamine and glutamate decreased by 55% and 55%, respectively (p < 0.001). Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair induces metabolic alterations characteristic for ischemia. The antioxidative capacity in terms of muscle levels of GSH was decreased. However, the oxidative stress during reperfusion did not change GSH status more than what has been reported following abdominal surgery without ischemia and reperfusion. The results indicate that the oxidative stress elicited by elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair is outbalanced by a compensated GSH metabolism not giving rise to an increased amount of oxidized GSH or an altered GSH redox status.
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