| 1. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Empowerment and occupational engagement among people with psychiatric disabilities.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 22:1, s. 54-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background: Empowerment is essential in the rehabilitation process for people with psychiatric disabilities and knowledge about factors that may play a key role within this process would be valuable for further development of the day centre services. Objective: The present study investigates day centre attendees' perceptions of empowerment. The aim was to investigate which factors show the strongest relationships to empowerment when considering occupational engagement, client satisfaction with day centres, and health-related and socio-demographic factors as correlates. Methods: 123 Swedish day centre attendees participated in a cross-sectional study by completing questionnaires regarding empowerment and the targeted correlates. Data were analysed with non-parametric statistics. Results: Empowerment was shown to be significantly correlated with occupational engagement and client satisfaction and also with self-rated health and symptoms rated by a research assistant. The strongest indicator for belonging to the group with the highest ratings on empowerment was self-rated health, followed by occupational engagement and symptom severity. Implications: Occupational engagement added to the beneficial influence of self-rated health on empowerment. Enabling occupational engagement in meaningful activities and providing occupations that can generate client satisfaction is an important focus for day centres in order to assist the attendees' rehabilitation process so that it promotes empowerment.
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| 2. |
- Morville, Anne-Le, et al.
(författare)
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Satisfaction with daily occupations amongst asylum seekers in Denmark
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:3, s. 207-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to describe asylum seekers' satisfaction with daily occupations and activity level while in a Danish asylum centre, and whether this changed over time. Another aim was to describe whether exposure to torture, self-rated health measures, and ADL ability were related to their satisfaction with daily occupations and activity level.METHODS: A total of 43 asylum seekers at baseline and 17 at follow-up were included. The questionnaires Satisfaction with Daily Occupations, Major Depression Inventory, WHO-5 Wellbeing, Pain Detect, a questionnaire covering torture, and basic social information were used as well as Assessment of Motor and Process Skills.RESULTS: The results showed a low level of satisfaction with daily occupations at both baseline and follow-up. There was no statistically significant change in satisfaction or activity level between baseline and the follow-up. Associations between AMPS process skills--education, worst pain and activity level--were present at baseline, as was a relationship between AMPS process skills and satisfaction. At follow-up, associations between WHO-5 and satisfaction and activity level and between MDI scores and activity level were found.CONCLUSION: Asylum seekers experience a low level of satisfaction with daily occupations, both at arrival and after 10 months in an asylum centre. There is a need for further research and development of occupation-focused rehabilitation methods for the asylum seeker population.
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| 3. |
- Bergström, Aileen L., et al.
(författare)
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Complex negotiations : The lived experience of enacting agency after a stroke
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:1, s. 43-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This qualitative, longitudinal, descriptive study aimed to understand the lived experience of enacting agency, and to describe the phenomenon of agency and the meaning structure of the phenomenon during the year after a stroke. Agency is defined as making things happen in everyday life through one's actions. Methods: This study followed six persons (three men and three women, ages 63 to 89), interviewed on four separate occasions. Interview data were analysed using the Empirical Phenomenological Psychological method. Results: The main findings showed that the participants experienced enacting agency in their everyday lives after stroke as negotiating different characteristics over a span of time, a range of difficulty, and in a number of activities, making these negotiations complex. The four characteristics described how the participants made things happen in their everyday lives through managing their disrupted bodies, taking into account their past and envisioning their futures, dealing with the world outside themselves, and negotiating through internal dialogues. Conclusions: This empirical evidence regarding negotiations challenges traditional definitions of agency and a new definition of agency is proposed. Understanding clients' complex negotiations and offering innovative solutions to train in real-life situations may help in the process of enabling occupations after a stroke.
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| 4. |
- Bertilsson, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Health care professionals´ experience-based understanding of individuals´ capacity to work while depressed and anxious
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:2, s. 126-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. The meaning of capacity to work while depressed and anxious is not well comprehended. The aim of this study was to explore and describe health care professionals’ experience-based understanding of capacity to work in individuals with depression and/or anxiety disorders. Method. An exploratory qualitative design was used. Four focus groups were conducted with 21 professionals from psychiatric, occupational, and primary health care. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis. Results. Capacity to work while depressed and anxious was understood as a change from the familiar to a no longer recognizable performance at work. Managing time, daily work demands, and emotions was described as difficult for the patients, and capacity to work could be fragmented by anxiety attacks. Patients were perceived as continuing to work while life outside work crumbled. Capacity to work was described as part of a greater whole, the work community, and the patient’s participation in the work community was considered problematic. Conclusions. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the reduced capacity to work compared with theoretical or medico-administrative descriptions. Applied to patient encounters it could promote fitness-for-work dialogues, rehabilitation, and tailor-made work interventions.
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| 5. |
- Hedman, Annicka, et al.
(författare)
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Amount and type of everyday technology use over time in older adults with cognitive impairment
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:3, s. 196-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This two-year study examined everyday technology (ET) use in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) testing five predefined theoretical assumptions regarding factors potentially influencing the amount of ET used in everyday life. Methods: Data from 37 participants with MCI were collected at inclusion, six, 12, and 24 months, on the type and amount of ET used and how difficult this was, activity involvement, and cognitive and diagnostic status. These variables were, together with age group (55-64, 65-74, or 75-84 years) and educational level, analysed in a mixed-linear-effect model. Results: A significant decrease in the overall amount of ET used was found over time, but the number of users of specific ETs both decreased and increased. Increasing perceived difficulty in ET use, less activity involvement, decreasing cognitive status, and belonging to the oldest age group significantly decreased ET use. Two years after inclusion 42% of the participants had converted to dementia, but neither change in diagnostic status nor length of education contributed significantly to the predictive model. Conclusion: Over time, a decreasing use of ET was shown in this sample with MCI. This process was influenced by several aspects important to consider in occupational therapy intervention planning.
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| 6. |
- Nygård, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Making use of research : Clinical views on an evaluation of everyday technology use
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:1, s. 24-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The study aim was to investigate how and when an evaluation of perceived difficulty in use of everyday technology (Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire, ETUQ) could be used in clinical occupational therapy.Method: Eight focus-group interviews were undertaken with a total of 42 participants (occupational therapists), and data were analysed with a constant comparative approach.Results: The findings are presented in four main categories, including (i) appropriate purposes and contexts for using ETUQ, (ii) standardization versus individual flexibility, (iii) approaching everyday technology use and occupation as one whole, and (iv) synthesizing and documentation.Conclusions: In conclusion, the participants considered ability to use technology to be an important topic for occupational therapy, particularly in investigations of clients with subtle disabilities and in connection with discharge from hospital-but not in inpatient care. They had different views on how to integrate ETUQ with evaluations of occupational performance, and new ideas on how information about clients' ability to use technology could be utilized in interventions. They held standardized evaluations in high regard, but a paradox appeared in that many of them would use ETUQ in a non-standardized way, while simultaneously asking for a standardized output to be used in clients' medical files and to guide interventions.
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| 7. |
- Ryd, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between performance of activities of daily living and everyday technology use among older adults with mild stage Alzheimers disease or mild cognitive impairment
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:1, s. 33-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The use of everyday technology (ET) is important for many activities in daily life (ADL) and can be especially challenging for older adults with cognitive impairments. Objective: The aim was to explore associations between ADL performance and perceived ability to use ET among older adults with mild stage Alzheimers disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). ADL motor and process ability, and ability to use ET were also compared between the groups. Methods: Participants with AD (n = 39) and MCI (n = 28) were included. Associations and group differences were explored with nonparametric statistics. Results: Significant correlations were found between ADL process ability and ET use in both groups (R-s = 0.44 and 0.32, p less than 0.05), but for ADL motor ability and ET use, correlations were only found in the MCI group (R-s = 0.51, p less than 0.01). The MCI group had significantly higher measures of ADL process ability (p less than 0.001) and ET use (p less than 0.05). Conclusion: ADL performance ability and perceived ability to use ET are important to consider in evaluations of older adults with cognitive impairments. Group differences indicate that measures of ADL performance ability and ET use are sensitive enough to discriminate the MCI group from the AD group with individually overlapping measures.
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| 8. |
- Wressle, Ewa, et al.
(författare)
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The self-reported use of research in clinical practice: A survey of occupational therapists in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:3, s. 226-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Today, healthcare providers and occupational therapists are increasingly required to rely on evidence-based practices. In both out-patient and in-patient settings, the use of research-based practices can be identified using the questionnaire Research Utilization Measure. Aim: This study explores how occupational therapists in Sweden perceive research utilization. Method: The Research Utilization measure was sent to 807 randomly selected occupational therapists in Sweden, and the response rate was 59% (n=472). Results: The majority of respondents (56%, n=256) reported use of research-based knowledge in their practice “very or rather often”, although 49% (n=225) of these therapists noted that they “very seldom or never” discussed research findings with their managers. Differences in answers for most items were related to degree of education and length of experience. Occupational therapists with higher education levels more often reported use of research in their clinical practice and therapists with greater experience less often reported use of research in their clinical practice. Conclusion: Education seems to influence the degree to which occupational therapists rely on research to inform their practices. A future challenge for managers and occupational therapists is to create strategic discussions on how to implement treatment that is based on current research.
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| 9. |
- Zango Martin, Inmaculada, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational therapy culture seen through the multifocal lens of fieldwork in diverse rural areas
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:2, s. 82-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Existing occupational therapy culture has not yet fully articulated diverse worldviews on occupation, health, and well-being and the link between them. Taking into consideration the diversity of the global world, incorporating different worldviews would be a valuable contribution to expanding the relevance of occupational therapy. Aim: The aim of this research was to analyse worldviews regarding human occupation and the link between occupation, health, and well-being among people from rural Honduras, Morocco, Burkina Faso, Tanzania, and Ecuador. Methods: This ethnographic research used three methods, i.e. semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and in-depth interviews, to collect data from 27 participantother"s in five countries. The material was analysed using a Grounded Theory approach. Results: One core category, "Occupations are social practices", was identified and it included three subcategories: "Occupation, health and well-being as a personal and community experience"; "Co-occupations, collective occupations and collaborative occupations are the most important occupations"; and "Occupation, health and well-being mutually influence each other". Conclusion and significance. The overall findings showed that taking different worldviews into account is needed for developing an occupational therapy culture that is useful globally and hosts diverse meanings and occupation-focused practices.
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| 10. |
- Andreassen, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing occupational performance in special housing in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 25:6, s. 428-435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Assessing occupational performance is commonly done by occupational therapists[OT] working in special housing in municipal elder care. Assessments should be relevant and evidence-based. Even so, we know little about how assessment of occupational performance is conducted in special housing.Aim: The aim of this study was to identify OTs’ use and perceptions of different methods to assess occupational performance for elderly clients living in special housing. Method: An email questionnaire was sent to OTs working in special housing in Sweden. Data was analyzed using descriptive and parametric statistics.Results: The findings, based on data from 660 respondents, showed that OTs regularly assessed occupational performance but did not use standardized assessment instruments or structured methods to any great extent. In general, OTs reported that they were not pleased with their ability to assess their clients; however, OTs with higher education and with responsibility for fewer clients were more pleased with their assessments and stated that they had more knowledge about assessment methods. Conclusion: To support OTs in using structured assessments of occupational performance in everyday practice, organization as well as structures in the work environment and educational development need to be taken into consideration.
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