| 1. |
- Joelsson-Alm, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Perioperative bladder distension : a prospective study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5599 .- 2168-1813 .- 1651-2065. ; 43:1, s. 58-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Postoperative urinary retention and bladder distension are frequent complications of surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of perioperative bladder distension in a surgical setting and to identify predisposing factors among patients undergoing common general and orthopaedic procedures. Material and methods. This was a prospective observational study of 147 adult patients admitted to orthopaedic and surgical departments. Bladder volumes were measured with an ultrasound scanner on three occasions: after emptying the bladder before being transported to the operating theatre, and then immediately before and after surgery. Results. Thirty-three patients (22%) developed bladder distension (500 ml), eight preoperatively and 25 postoperatively. A total of 21 patients (14%) had a bladder volume 300 ml immediately before surgery. Orthopaedic patients were more likely to develop preoperative bladder distension than surgical patients and had significantly higher postvoid residual volumes. In the binary logistic regression analysis age, gender and time of anaesthesia could not predict bladder distension. Patients undergoing orthopaedic surgical procedures, however, were prone to bladder distension (odds ratio 6.87, 95% confidence interval 1.76 to 26.79, p=0.006). Conclusions. This study shows that orthopaedic surgical patients are more prone to bladder distension perioperatively. The conventional method of encouraging patients to void at the ward before being transported to the operating theatre does not necessarily mean an empty bladder at the start of the operation.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Chairmen's summary
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology, Supplementum. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-8886 .- 1651-2537 .- 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; :218, s. 7-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Montironi, Rodolfo, et al.
(författare)
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Bladder cancer : pathogenesis.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology, Supplementum. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-8886 .- 1651-2537 .- 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; :218, s. 93-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Abrahamsson, Kate, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Reference interval for serum creatinine in children and adolescents with myelomeningocele.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 43:3, s. 233-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: In children and adolescents with myelomeningocele (MMC), the relation between muscle mass and body composition varies considerably, making it difficult to evaluate the relevance of renal function assessments done with serum (s)-creatinine. Therefore, a reference interval for enzymic s-creatinine in individuals with MMC was constructed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with MMC aged 1.5-18 years who consistently had chromium-51-labelled edetic acid clearance within normal limits (88-132 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) were selected for the study. Included were 52 girls and 71 boys with a total of 471 s-creatinine determinations. Children with normal body composition were used as controls. RESULTS: The mean s-creatinine concentration at the age of 1.5 years was 22 micromol/l in girls and 21 micromol/l in boys and increased to 38 micromol/l in girls and 58 micromol/l in boys at the age of 18 years. There was no difference between the genders until the age of 12. From the age of 3 years, there was a significantly lower median s-creatinine concentration in the MMC children compared with a healthy age-matched population. The median concentration of the MMC children was equivalent to the 2.5 percentile of the control group. CONCLUSION: From the age of 3 years, the reference interval for children and adolescents with MMC showed a lower median concentration for enzymic s-creatinine and a greater interindividual variation compared with the healthy age-matched population.
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| 5. |
- Adolfsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical characteristics and primary treatment of prostate cancer in Sweden between 1996 and 2005 : Data from the national prostate cancer register in Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - Stockholm : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 41:6, s. 456-477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The incidence of prostate cancer is rising rapidly in Sweden and there is a need to better understand the pattern of diagnosis, tumor characteristics and treatment. Material and methods. Between 1996 and 2005, all new cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland were intended to be registered in the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR). This register contains information on diagnosing unit, date of diagnosis, cause of diagnosis, tumor grade, tumor stage according to the TNM classification in force, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at diagnosis and primary treatment given within the first 6 months after diagnosis. Results. In total, 72 028 patients were registered, comprising >97% of all pertinent incident cases of prostate cancer in the Swedish Cancer Register (SCR). During the study period there was a considerable decrease in median age at the time of diagnosis, a stage migration towards smaller tumors, a decrease in median serum PSA values at diagnosis, a decrease in the age-standardized incidence rate of men diagnosed with distant metastases or with a PSA level of >100 ng/ml at diagnosis and an increase in the proportion of tumors with Gleason score ≤6. Relatively large geographical differences in the median age at diagnosis and the age-standardized incidence of cases with category T1c tumors were observed. Treatment with curative intent increased dramatically and treatment patterns varied according to geographical region. In men with localized tumors and a PSA level of <20 ng/ml at diagnosis, expectant treatment was more commonly used in those aged ≥75 years than in those aged <75 years. Also, the pattern of endocrine treatment varied in different parts of Sweden. Conclusions. All changes in the register seen over time are consistent with increased diagnostic activity, especially PSA testing, resulting in an increased number of cases with early disease, predominantly tumors in category T1c. The patterns of diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer vary considerably in different parts of Sweden. The NPCR continues to be an important source for research, epidemiological surveillance of the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer
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| 6. |
- Adolfsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical characteristics and primary treatment of prostate cancer in Sweden between 1996 and 2005
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 41:6, s. 456-477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The incidence of prostate cancer is rising rapidly in Sweden and there is a need to better understand the pattern of diagnosis, tumor characteristics and treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1996 and 2005, all new cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland were intended to be registered in the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR). This register contains information on diagnosing unit, date of diagnosis, cause of diagnosis, tumor grade, tumor stage according to the TNM classification in force, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at diagnosis and primary treatment given within the first 6 months after diagnosis. RESULTS: In total, 72,028 patients were registered, comprising >97% of all pertinent incident cases of prostate cancer in the Swedish Cancer Register (SCR). During the study period there was a considerable decrease in median age at the time of diagnosis, a stage migration towards smaller tumors, a decrease in median serum PSA values at diagnosis, a decrease in the age-standardized incidence rate of men diagnosed with distant metastases or with a PSA level of > 100 ng/ml at diagnosis and an increase in the proportion of tumors with Gleason score <6. Relatively large geographical differences in the median age at diagnosis and the age-standardized incidence of cases with category T1c tumors were observed. Treatment with curative intent increased dramatically and treatment patterns varied according to geographical region. In men with localized tumors and a PSA level of <20 ng/ml at diagnosis, expectant treatment was more commonly used in those aged > or =75 years than in those aged <75 years. Also, the pattern of endocrine treatment varied in different parts of Sweden. CONCLUSIONS: All changes in the register seen over time are consistent with increased diagnostic activity, especially PSA testing, resulting in an increased number of cases with early disease, predominantly tumors in category T1c. The patterns of diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer vary considerably in different parts of Sweden. The NPCR continues to be an important source for research, epidemiological surveillance of the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
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| 10. |
- Almroth, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term treatment results and the immunoglobulin G subclass distribution patterns of proteinase-3-antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) and myeloperoxidase-ANCA in ANCA-associated vasculitis
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 43:2, s. 160-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Small vessel vasculitis associated with antibodies to neutrophil cytoplasm antigens has been denominated antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV).Material and methods: Ninety-eight patients with various forms of AAV with renal involvement were studied retrospectively with regard to treatment, side-effects and outcome. The immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass distribution patterns in serum were determined in 51 patients with nephelometry and those of anti-proteinase-3 (PR3) and anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO) in 44 patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Fifty-nine patients with a mean age of 63 years were given treatment with intermittent intravenous regimens of cyclophosphamide and continuous corticosteroids, whereas 39 patients with a mean age of 58 years were given continuous oral treatment. Malignancy, mainly due to skin tumours, was more common in AAV than in the general population. The total IgG subclass distribution pattern was asymmetric. The response to PR3 was of IgG1, IgG3 and IgG4 isotypes, while IgG1 and IgG3 predominated in the response to MPO.Conclusion: The aberrant IgG subclass distribution pattern detected in the autoantibodies may be of importance in the pathogenesis of AAV.
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