| 1. |
- AlNasseri, Hammad Abdullah, et al.
(författare)
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A taxonomy of planning and scheduling methods to support their more efficient use in construction project management
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1726-0531 .- 1758-8901. ; 14:3, s. 580-601
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The implementation and control processes of project planning and scheduling involve a wide range of methods and tools. Despite the development and modification and integration of the project management theory with newer scheduling approaches in particular, practitioners’ views on the efficiency and effectiveness of these methods and tools differ. This situation can be attributed in part to a lack of understanding of the most appropriate basis for implementing these methods and tools. This study, therefore, aims to overcome this deficiency by conceptualizing and adopting a taxonomy of planning and scheduling methods.Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on a review and discourse analysis of the literature covering a large number of theoretical and empirical studies. The underlying theories of various planning and scheduling methods were analyzed with respect to the taxonomy criteria adopted in the study.Findings: Using the taxonomy, the key characteristics of planning and scheduling methods considered in this study were identified and interpreted. These included concepts and theories; key features; suitability and usability; and benefits and limitations. Overall, the findings suggest that project managers should consider taxonomy as a support tool for selecting and prioritizing the most appropriate method or combination of methods for managing their projects. Recommendations include the need for more advanced or multi-dimensional taxonomies to cope with the diversity of project type and size.Originality/value: The results of the study allow project managers to improve their current practices by utilizing taxonomy when considering the implementation of planning and scheduling methods. Moreover, taxonomy can be considered as a tool to promote learning on the part of those less experienced in planning and scheduling. Taxonomy can be considered as an initial platform for further research in this area. © 2016, © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
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| 2. |
- Hassan, Osama A.B. 1969-
(författare)
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Effect of foundation designs of passive house on the thermal bridges at the ground
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1726-0531 .- 1758-8901. ; 14:4, s. 602-613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper it is attempted to study the effect of different foundation designs of passive house on the resultant thermal bridges, at the junction between a wall and a slab on grade. The linear thermal transmittances of some newly developed foundations of passive house are determined. The compared foundation designs are L-element, U-element and foundation with foam glass technique. It is found that the special design of passive house foundation can considerably influence the heat flow through thermal bridges. The calculated linear thermaltransmittances of L-element, U- element and foundation with foam glass are 0.085 W/mK, 0.074 W/mK and 0.031 W/mK, respectively. In this context, it is proposed a new foundation design of passive house, which has relatively low heat loss through thermal bridges, calculated as 0.031 W/mK. The results are compared with the “default” ISO values used to evaluate the effect of thermal bridges in typical buildings. It is found that there is large difference between the calculated linear thermal transmittances at the investigated foundationsof passive house as compared to typical buildings.
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| 3. |
- Hassan, Osama, 1969-
(författare)
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An integrated approach to assessing the sustainability of buildings
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. - London : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1726-0531 .- 1758-8901. ; 14:3, s. 835-850
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sustainability of the built environment is increasingly becoming an urgent issue for modern society. In this context, assessing the sustainable development of buildings will be an effective tool in managing and monitoring the progress of the sustainability performance on a local and/or global scale. In this paper, there is an attempt to integrate two methods of assessing the sustainability of buildings. The first method applies the concept of composite indicators. The other method applies the weighted utility function, using the value-focused thinking approach of mathematically modelling and constructing composite indicators. A tentative index to evaluate the sustainability of buildings is proposed, based on this integrated approach. The suggested method can give the assessor the opportunity to analyse the potential improvement that can be carried out in order to improve the sustainable development of buildings in the long and short term. Finally, the role of benchmarking in improving the sustainability performance of buildings is discussed in relation to the suggested method.
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| 4. |
- Hassan, Osama, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Estimation of drying time of fresh concrete slabs: acomparative study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1726-0531 .- 1758-8901. ; 15:2, s. 134-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this study is to attempt to compare experimental results for a number of modelsfor the prediction of the drying time of new concrete floors. The investigated methods are the table method, the Swedish Concrete Association (SCA) method and the free computer programme TorkaS 3.2.Design/methodology/approach – The comparison is based on moisture measurements of four differentfloor specimens. The specimens have different ratios (w/c 0.38, 0.6 and 0.7).Findings – The results show that there is a good agreement between the table method and the measured values on the specimens with high water-cement ratio (w/c 0.6 and 0.7). However, the deviation becomes greater at lower water-cement ratio (w/c 0.38). TorkaS also resulted in a good agreement with the measurements. However, it is noted that as the drying time increases, the programme exhibits a slowdehydration trend at higher w/c ratios. The SCA method shows various results within the permissible deviation. Moreover, the moisture distribution in concrete with high w/c ratios is found to be mainly influencedby moisture diffusion and little by self-desiccation.Research limitations/implications – This study is limited to concrete slabs that are drying from oneside in an enclosed building with an heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system operating normally. Moreover, this study concerns concrete without special additives (e.g. silica fumes), which can beused in some specific cases to accelerate or retard the hydration (cure) process.Practical implications – These compared methods are used widely in Sweden; therefore, it will be interesting to understand their applicability range. Another focus in this paper is to investigate how the effect of self-desiccation of concrete is related to the w/c ratios, taking into consideration the result of these predictionmodels.Social implications – The paper can suit academic researchers, as well as the commercial industries, in asense that the comparative study will pave a way to the best method to be used for drying time estimation.Originality/value – The paper contains new information and could be useful to researchers and commercial industries.
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| 5. |
- Hassan, Osama, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Glued laminated timber and steel beams : A comparative study of structural design, economic and environmental consequences
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. - England : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1726-0531 .- 1758-8901. ; 16:3, s. 398-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – This paper compares glued laminated timber and steel beams with respect to structural design, manufacturing and assembly costs, and the amount of greenhouse gas emissions.Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents structural design requirements in conformance with EN 1993: Eurocode 5 and Eurocode 3. With the help of these standards, expressions are derived to evaluate the design criteria of the beams. Based on the results of life-cycle analysis, the economic properties and environmental impact of the two types of beam are investigated. In this paper, the effect of beam span on the design values, costs and carbon dioxide emissions is analyzed when investigating aspects of the structural design, economy and environmental impact. Different cross-sections are chosen for this purpose.Findings – The study shows that the glued laminated (abbreviated as glulam”) beams have a smaller tendency to lateral torsional buckling than the steel beams, and that they can be cheaper. From an environmental point of view, glulam beams are the more environmentally friendly option of the two beam materials. Furthermore, glulam beams may have a direct positive effect on the environment, considering the carbon-storage capacity of the wood. The disadvantage of glued wood is that larger dimensions are sometimes required.Research limitations/implications – Wind load and the effect of second-order effects have not been considered when analysing the static design. Only straight beams have been studied. Furthermore, the dynamic design of the beams has not been investigated, and the bearing pressure capacity of the supports has not been analyzed. We have investigated timber beams with a rectangular cross-section, and steel beams of rolled I-sections, known as “HEA profiles”. The cost analysis is based mainly on the manufacturing and assembly costs prevalent on the Swedish market. The only environmental impact investigated has been the emission of greenhouse gases. The design calculations are based on the European standards Eurocode 5 and Eurocode 3.Practical implications – To achieve sustainability in construction engineering, it is important to study the environmental and economic consequences of the building elements. By combining these two effects with the technical design of buildings made of steel and/or timber, the concept of sustainable development can be achieved in the long run. Social implications – The study concerns sustainability of building structures, which is an important of the sustainable development of the society. Originality/value – The paper contains new information, and will be useful to researchers and civil engineers.
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| 6. |
- Hassan, Osama, 1969-
(författare)
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Practical expressions to calculate the main vertical actions on load-bearing columns/walls to Eurocode
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. - UK : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1726-0531 .- 1758-8901. ; 15:7, s. 418-435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The aim of this review study is to present useful and practical expressions to compute the design vertical actions on load-bearing columns/walls of typical building structures on the basis of EN 1991: Eurocode 1.Design/methodology/approach – It is derived by a typical case in which wind actions, snow actions and permanents actions are loading a roof construction. The results are finally used to calculate the loading on columns/walls. Both ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state are considered.Findings – From an instructive point of view, the advantage of this method is that it is simplified, general, not time-consuming, and it can be standardised to typical building structures.Research limitations/implications – A number of example applications are introduced to illustrate the calculation procedure.Practical implications – From an educational point of view, this problem is of interest to civil engineering students because the reviewed method is not cumbersome or time-consuming.Social implications – From an engineering educational point of view, this problem is of interest to civil engineering students because the reviewed method is not cumbersome or time-consuming.Originality/value – New formulated expressions to calculate the loadings on structural membranes based on Eurocode are presented.
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| 7. |
- Kakitahi, John Muhumuza, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of construction-related rework on selected Ugandan public projects
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. - 1726-0531. ; 14:2, s. 238-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this paper was to assess the magnitude of the impact of construction-related rework on selected project budgets and schedule in public building construction in Uganda. The magnitude of construction-related rework was the mean determined over construction contracts under a selected project and expressed as a percentage of the construction contract sum. Design/methodology/approachA single case multi-unit study approach was adopted. A case study protocol was prepared that included a checklist, observation schedules and an interview guide. The three instruments were used to collect data from building contractors and end-users (the teaching staff and medical assistants). Representatives of the client entity and the end-users provided sufficient project documentation and related supplementary information for the study. FindingsConstruction-related rework was predominantly attributable to design information omissions, unacceptable workmanship and inadequate supervision of the contractor. Lightning conductor, electrical and roofing installations were the building elements that had the highest frequency of rework. It was further determined that the mean percentage of rework related impact on project budget and schedule was approximately 4.53 and 8.42 per cent, respectively. Originality/valueThe findings inform policy makers about likely areas that contribute to significant wastage and value loss in quality management of public sector projects. The research advocates for improved data collection protocols, integration of adequate design management and a whole life value philosophy during the public building construction process.
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| 8. |
- Mattsson, Pimkamol, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of user interface designs on lighting use
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. - 1758-8901. ; 15:1, s. 58-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to differentiate human responses to different light switch designs to determine the effects of these common interfaces on user perceptions and use of electric lighting in public buildings.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical studies were conducted to assess and examine user perceptions with regard to design characteristics of light switches, and occupants’ use of electric lighting was examined through field observations made in a public toilet.FindingsThe results point to the possibility of identifying characteristics of light switches that attract user attention and thereby encourage energy-saving behaviour in public buildings. A light switch perceived as simple but oversized affected occupants to turn off the lights more frequently when leaving the space under study as compared to switches of normal size.Research limitations/implicationsInformation on user perceptions of light switches may be limited by the assessments being carried out only in controlled environments. Assessing user perceptions in field observations is thus desirable, as it will provide more information on the perceptions in actual settings.Practical implicationsEffective design of user interfaces could provide a means of lowering energy use from electric lighting by affecting the behaviour of users. Using user perceptions to define critical design characteristics could contribute to design improvements in the interfaces with respect to users’ viewpoints.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the subject with a basic, field-based approach to formulating an understanding of how design via user perceptions may encourage energy-saving behaviour.
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| 9. |
- Styhre, Alexander, 1971
(författare)
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The invention of the shopping mall: Victor Gruen and production of the high-liquidity, capitalist space
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. - 1726-0531. ; 17:2, s. 283-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The economic system of competitive capitalism strives toward liquid markets wherein the cost for transacting is minimized. Liquidity is mostly addressed in association with abstract markets (e.g. the securities market), but also consumer markets are determined by liquidity concerns. The purpose of this paper is to examine the shopping mall concept, developed by the architect and social reformer Victor Gruen during the early 1950s, as a form of production of capitalist space, intended to reduce transaction costs. As an auxiliary benefit, Gruen envisioned the shopping mall as a cultural and civic center in the midst of the satellite town of suburbia, the new site of urban expansion during the post-war boom decades. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews secondary literature on the historical development of the shopping mall as a consumer space. In addition, relevant economic and social science literature is referenced. Findings – The architecture, design, ornamentation and day-to-day management of the shopping mall were premised on a consumerist way of life, ultimately serving as an all-too-visual index of the triumph of competitive capitalism in the cold war era. However, Gruen’s accomplishments were gradually compromised by the interest of money-minded developers and construction industry actors, and the shopping mall arguably never fulfilled the social and cultural function that Gruen anticipated. Regardless of such outcomes, the production of capitalist space as scripted by Gruen is still determining everyday life in consumer society, making Gruen a key figure, albeit only limitedly recognized, in the history of late modern society and in the capitalist economy. Originality/value – The paper emphasizes the role of Victor Gruen in the post-Second World War period, being one of the most influential practitioners and social reformers in the era. Furthermore, the paper stresses how market liquidity is a key concern in Gruen’s project to create a communal space for the American suburban population in the era of the expanding welfare state.
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| 10. |
- Finnerman, Oskar, et al.
(författare)
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Reactor modeling assessment for urea-SNCR applications
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0961-5539 .- 1758-6585. ; 27:7, s. 1395-1411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The work investigates the effects of neglecting, modeling or partly resolving turbulent fluctuations of velocity, temperature and concentrations on the predicted turbulence-chemistry interaction in urea-SNCR systems.Design/methodology/approach – Numerical predictions of the NO conversion efficiency in an industrial urea-SNCR system are compared to experimental data. Reactor models of varying complexity are assessed, ranging from one-dimensional ideal reactor models to state-of-the-art CFD simulations based on the DES approach. The models employ the same reaction mechanism, but differ in the degree to which they resolve the turbulent fluctuations of the gas phase. A methodology for handling of unknown experimental data with regard to providing adequate boundary conditions is also proposed.Findings – One-dimensional reactor models may be useful for a first quick assessment of urea-SNCR system performance. It is critical to account for heat losses, if present, due to the significant sensitivity of the overall process to temperature. The most comprehensive DES setup evaluated is associated with approximately two orders of magnitude higher computational cost than the conventional RANS-based simulations. For studies that require a large number of simulations (e.g. optimizations or handling of incomplete experimental data), the less costly approaches may be favored with a tolerable loss of accuracy.Originality/value – Novel numerical and experimental results are presented to elucidate the role of turbulent fluctuations on the performance of a complex, turbulent, reacting multiphase flow.
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