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- Bauer, Ann Z., et al.
(författare)
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Paracetamol use during pregnancy - a call for precautionary action
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Reviews Endocrinology. - : Springer Nature. - 1759-5029 .- 1759-5037. ; 17, s. 757-766
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Paracetamol (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP), otherwise known as acetaminophen) is the active ingredient in more than 600 medications used to relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce fever. APAP is widely used by pregnant women as governmental agencies, including the FDA and EMA, have long considered APAP appropriate for use during pregnancy when used as directed. However, increasing experimental and epidemiological research suggests that prenatal exposure to APAP might alter fetal development, which could increase the risks of some neurodevelopmental, reproductive and urogenital disorders. Here we summarize this evidence and call for precautionary action through a focused research effort and by increasing awareness among health professionals and pregnant women. APAP is an important medication and alternatives for treatment of high fever and severe pain are limited. We recommend that pregnant women should be cautioned at the beginning of pregnancy to: forego APAP unless its use is medically indicated; consult with a physician or pharmacist if they are uncertain whether use is indicated and before using on a long-term basis; and minimize exposure by using the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time. We suggest specific actions to implement these recommendations. This Consensus Statement reflects our concerns and is currently supported by 91 scientists, clinicians and public health professionals from across the globe. A growing body of research suggests that prenatal exposure to paracetamol (APAP) might alter development and increase the risk of some reproductive, urogenital and neurodevelopmental disorders. This Consensus Statement calls for precautionary action, including a focused research effort, increasing awareness among health professionals and pregnant women and, whenever possible, minimizing use.
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- Calissendorff, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Adrenal cysts : an emerging condition.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Reviews Endocrinology. - : Springer Nature. - 1759-5029 .- 1759-5037. ; 19, s. 398-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adrenal cysts are rare lesions representing approximately 1-2% of adrenal incidentalomas. The majority of these rare lesions are benign. Rarely, phaeochromocytomas and adrenal malignant masses can present as cystic lesions and can occasionally be difficult to distinguish from benign cysts. Histologically, adrenal cysts are subdivided into pseudocysts, endothelial cysts, epithelial cysts and parasitic cysts. The radiological appearance of an adrenal cyst is generally similar to that of cysts in the kidney. They are thus well demarcated, usually rounded, with a thin wall and homogenous internal structure, low attenuating (<20 Hounsfield Units) on CT, low signalling on T1-weighted MRI sequences and high signalling on T2-weighted MRI sequences, and anechoic or hypoechoic on ultrasonography. Benign adrenal cysts have a slight female predominance and are usually diagnosed between the ages of 40 and 60. Most adrenal cysts are asymptomatic and are detected incidentally, although very large adrenal cysts can lead to mass effect symptoms, with surgery required to alleviate the symptoms. Thus, conservative management is usually recommended for asymptomatic cysts. However, when uncertainty exists regarding the benign nature of the cyst, additional work-up or follow-up is needed. The management of an adrenal cyst should preferably be discussed at an adrenal multidisciplinary team meeting.
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| 6. |
- Chow, LS, et al.
(författare)
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Exerkines in health, resilience and disease
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature reviews. Endocrinology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1759-5037 .- 1759-5029. ; 18:5, s. 273-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Chow, LS, et al.
(författare)
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Reply to 'Lactate as a major myokine and exerkine'
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature reviews. Endocrinology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1759-5037 .- 1759-5029. ; 18:11, s. 713-713
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Granath-Panelo, M, et al.
(författare)
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On the cutting edge: perspectives in bioenergetics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature reviews. Endocrinology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1759-5037 .- 1759-5029. ; 19:5, s. 250-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Kopchick, J. J., et al.
(författare)
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Covert actions of growth hormone: fibrosis, cardiovascular diseases and cancer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Reviews Endocrinology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1759-5029 .- 1759-5037. ; 18:9, s. 558-573
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since its discovery nearly a century ago, over 100,000 studies of growth hormone (GH) have investigated its structure, how it interacts with the GH receptor and its multiple actions. These include effects on growth, substrate metabolism, body composition, bone mineral density, the cardiovascular system and brain function, among many others. Recombinant human GH is approved for use to promote growth in children with GH deficiency (GHD), along with several additional clinical indications. Studies of humans and animals with altered levels of GH, from complete or partial GHD to GH excess, have revealed several covert or hidden actions of GH, such as effects on fibrosis, cardiovascular function and cancer. In this Review, we do not concentrate on the classic and controversial indications for GH therapy, nor do we cover all covert actions of GH. Instead, we stress the importance of the relationship between GH and fibrosis, and how fibrosis (or lack thereof) might be an emerging factor in both cardiovascular and cancer pathologies. We highlight clinical data from patients with acromegaly or GHD, alongside data from cellular and animal studies, to reveal novel phenotypes and molecular pathways responsible for these actions of GH in fibrosis, cardiovascular function and cancer.
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