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- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Histoire du climat du Royaume de Suède à l’époque modern : Climate history of the early modern Swedish Realm
- 2021
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Ingår i: Revue d´Histoire Nordique. - Toulouse : Les Presses universitaires du Midi. - 1778-9605. ; :27, s. 201-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we assess the scholarship of climate history in the former Swedish Realm (roughly, present-day Sweden, Finland, and Estonia) during the early modern period. The research has primarily focused on impacts of climate change and variability on human history, but also on producing documentary-based reconstructions of past climate. Recent advances in palaeo-climatology, in particular dendroclimatology, during the past two to three decades has made the study of the impacts of climate in early modern history possible. However, while the field of climate history has developed substantially in much of Europe, it remains rather underdeveloped and has drawn limited interest in the Nordic countries. Besides some recent studies for Finland, the climate history of the former Swedish Realm is not reaching the standards of the field in contemporary European scholarship. Existing scholarship has nevertheless demonstrated the link between cold springs and summers and poor harvests, particular in Finland, but few studies have assessed the effects of climate on society besides for periods of severe food shortage or famines. The article concludes with outlines and reflections for future scholarship in climate history of the early modern Swedish Realm.
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| 2. |
- Theodoridis, Dimitrios, 1987
(författare)
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La balance commerciale de la Baltique – Premières évaluations à partir de la base de données du STRO / The balance of Baltic trade - Historical empirical estimates based on STRO
- 2021
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Ingår i: Revue D’Histoire Nordique. - 1778-9605. ; 27, s. 79-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Baltic trade, holds a central role in the historiography of Northern Europe as it has been of major strategic significance for all countries involved in it during the early modern period. Economic historiography has in large portrayed the Baltic maritime trade as unbalance with the value of commodities exiting the Baltic sea being significantly larger than the value of commodities imported in the region. Despite this commonly held view, however, long-term empirical estimates of the balance of this trade has been a missing element in economic historiography. The present study contributes to this literature by constructing such estimates for the first time using trade data from the Sound Toll Registers Online. The results on the one hand confirm our previous assumptions of a relatively unbalanced trade between North-Western Europe and the Baltic Sea region. It is also found, however, that this imbalance was not permanent. By the mid-nineteenth century the commodities trade balance between the two regions was almost perfect. The results do, however, also designate that a very large share of the Baltic net exports value is left unexplained after accounting for the value of bullion transfers.
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