| 1. |
- Abdel-Magied, Ahmed F., et al.
(författare)
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Chemical and Photochemical Water Oxidation Mediated by an Efficient Single-Site Ruthenium Catalyst
- 2016
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 9:24, s. 3448-3456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water oxidation is a fundamental step in artificial photosynthesis for solar fuels production. In this study, we report a single-site Ru-based water oxidation catalyst, housing a dicarboxylate-benzimidazole ligand, that mediates both chemical and light-driven oxidation of water efficiently under neutral conditions. The importance of the incorporation of the negatively charged ligand framework is manifested in the low redox potentials of the developed complex, which allows water oxidation to be driven by the mild one-electron oxidant [Ru(bpy)(3)](3+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine). Furthermore, combined experimental and DFT studies provide insight into the mechanistic details of the catalytic cycle.
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| 2. |
- Agostini, Marco, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Designing a Safe Electrolyte Enabling Long‐Life Li/S Batteries
- 2019
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 12:18, s. 4176-4184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lithium–sulfur (Li/S) batteries suffer from “shuttle” reactions in which soluble polysulfide species continuously migrate to and from the Li metal anode. As a consequence, the loss of active material and reactions at the surface of Li limit the practical applications of Li/S batteries. LiNO3 has been proposed as an electrolyte additive to reduce the shuttle reactions by aiding the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at the Li metal, limiting polysulfide shuttling. However, LiNO3 is continuously consumed during cycling, especially at low current rates. Therefore, the Li/S battery cycle life is limited by the LiNO3 concentration in the electrolyte. In this work, an ionic liquid (IL) [N-methyl-(n-butyl)pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide] was used as an additive to enable longer cycle life of Li/S batteries. By tuning the IL concentration, an enhanced stability of the SEI and lower flammability of the solutions were demonstrated, that is, higher safety of the battery. The Li/S cell built with a high sulfur mass loading (4 mg cm−2) and containing the IL-based electrolyte demonstrated a stable capacity of 600 mAh g−1 for more than double the number of cycles of a cell containing LiNO3 additive.
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| 3. |
- Agostini, Marco, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Rational Design of Low Cost and High Energy Lithium Batteries through Tailored Fluorine-free Electrolyte and Nanostructured S/C Composite
- 2018
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 11:17, s. 2981-2986
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a new Li–S cell concept based on an optimized F-free catholyte solution and a high loading nanostructured C/S composite cathode. The Li2S8present in the electrolyte ensures both buffering against active material dissolution and Li+conduction. The high S loading is obtained by confining elemental S (≈80 %) in the pores of a highly ordered mesopores carbon (CMK3). With this concept we demonstrate stabilization of a high energy density and excellent cycling performance over 500 cycles. This Li–S cell has a specific capacity that reaches over 1000 mA h g−1, with an overall S loading of 3.6 mg cm−2and low electrolyte volume (i.e., 10 μL cm−2), resulting in a practical energy density of 365 Wh kg−1. The Li–S system proposed thus meets the requirements for large scale energy storage systems and is expected to be environmentally friendly and have lower cost compared with the commercial Li-ion battery thanks to the removal of both Co and F from the overall formulation.
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| 4. |
- Agostini, Marco, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Stabilizing the Performance of High-Capacity Sulfur Composite Electrodes by a New Gel Polymer Electrolyte Configuration
- 2017
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 10:17, s. 3490-3496
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased pollution and the resulting increase in global warming are drawing attention to boosting the use of renewable energy sources such as solar or wind. However, the production of energy from most renewable sources is intermittent and thus relies on the availability of electrical energy-storage systems with high capacity and at competitive cost. Lithium–sulfur batteries are among the most promising technologies in this respect due to a very high theoretical energy density (1675 mAh g?1) and that the active material, sulfur, is abundant and inexpensive. However, a so far limited practical energy density, life time, and the scaleup of materials and production processes prevent their introduction into commercial applications. In this work, we report on a simple strategy to address these issues by using a new gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) that enables stable performance close to the theoretical capacity of a low cost sulfur–carbon composite with high loading of active material, that is, 70 % sulfur. We show that the GPE prevents sulfur dissolution and reduces migration of polysulfide species to the anode. This functional mechanism of the GPE membranes is revealed by investigating both its morphology and the Li-anode/GPE interface at various states of discharge/charge using Raman spectroscopy.
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| 5. |
- Alammar, Tarek, et al.
(författare)
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Ionic-Liquid-Assisted Microwave Synthesis of Solid Solutions of Sr1-xBaxSnO3 Perovskite for Photocatalytic Applications
- 2017
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 10:17, s. 3387-3401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanocrystalline Sr1-xBaxSnO3 (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1) perovskite photocatalysts were prepared by microwave synthesis in an ionic liquid (IL) and subsequent heat-treatment. The influence of the Sr/Ba substitution on the structure, crystallization, morphology, and photocatalytic efficiency was investigated and the samples were fully characterized. On the basis of X-ray diffraction results, as the Ba content in the SrSnO3 lattice increases, a symmetry increase was observed from the orthorhombic perovskite structure for SrSnO3 to the cubic BaSnO3 structure. The analysis of the sample morphology by SEM reveals that the Sr1-xBaxSnO3 samples favor the formation of nanorods (500nm-5m in diameter and several micrometers long). The photophysical properties were examined by UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The band gap decreases from 3.85 to 3.19eV with increasing Ba2+ content. Furthermore, the photocatalytic properties were evaluated for the hydroxylation of terephthalic acid (TA). The order of the activities for TA hydroxylation was Sr0.8Ba0.2SnO3>SrSnO3>BaSnO3>Sr0.6Ba0.4SnO3>Sr0.2Ba0.8SnO3. The highest photocatalytic activity was observed for Sr0.8Ba0.2SnO3, and this can be attributed to the synergistic impacts of the modification of the crystal structure and morphology, the relatively large surface area associated with the small crystallite size, and the suitable band gap and band-edge position.
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| 6. |
- Beller, M., et al.
(författare)
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Chemistry Future : Priorities and Opportunities from the Sustainability Perspective
- 2017
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 10:1, s. 6-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To celebrate the 10 year anniversary of ChemSusChem, we as the chairmen of the editorial board are writing this Essay to summarize important scientific contributions to our journal during the past decade in terms of sustainable science and technology. Bibliometric analysis of published papers show that biorefinery, solar energy conversion, energy-storage materials, and carbon dioxide utilizations attracted most attention in this area. According to our own knowledge and understanding and from the sustainability point of view, we are also pointing out those research directions that we believe can play key roles in the future chemistry to meet the grand challenges in energy and environment. Hopefully, these perspective aspects will provide the readers with new angles to look at the chemistry in the coming decades and inspire the development of new technologies to make our society sustainable.
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| 7. |
- Björnerbäck, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Highly Porous Hypercrosslinked Polymers Derived from Biobased Molecules
- 2019
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 12:4, s. 839-847
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Highly porous and hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs) have a range of applications and are typically synthesized in an unsustainable manner. Herein, HCPs were synthesized from abundant biobased or biorelated compounds in sulfolane with iron(III) chloride as Lewis acid catalyst. As reactants, quercetin, tannic acid, phenol, 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, glucose, and a commercial bark extract were used. The HCPs had high CO2 uptake (up to 3.94 mmol g(-1) at 0 degrees C and 1 bar), total pore volumes (up to 1.86 cm(3) g(-1)), and specific surface areas (up to 1440 m(2) g(-1)). H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, and IR spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray scattering, elemental analysis, and SEM revealed, for example, that the HCPs consisted of amorphous and cross-linked aromatic and phenolic structures with significant contents of aliphatics, oxygen, and sulfur.
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| 8. |
- Budarin, Vitaliy L, et al.
(författare)
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Processed Lignin as a Byproduct of the Generation of 5-(Chloromethyl)furfural from Biomass : A Promising New Mesoporous Material.
- 2015
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 8:24, s. 4172-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lignin by-product of the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to 5-(chloromethyl)furfural (CMF) has been characterised by thermogravimetric analysis, N2 physisorption porosimetry, attenuated internal reflectance IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The lignin (LCMF) has a moderate level of mesoporosity before thermal treatment and a surface area of 63 m(2) g(-1) , which increases dramatically on pyrolysis at temperatures above 400 °C. An assessment of the functionality and textural properties of the material was achieved by analysing LCMF treated thermally over a range of pyrolysis temperatures. Samples were sulfonated to test their potential as heterogeneous acid catalysts in the esterification of levulinic acid. It was shown that unpyrolysed catalysts gave the highest ester yields of up to 93 %. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of mesoporous lignin with an appreciable surface area that is produced directly from a bio-refinery process and with further textural modification of the material demonstrated.
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| 9. |
- Chang, J. F., et al.
(författare)
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Ni2P Makes Application of the PtRu Catalyst Much Stronger in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
- 2015
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 8:19, s. 3340-3346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PtRu is regarded as the best catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells, but the performance decay resulting from the loss of Ru seriously hinders commercial applications. Herein, we demonstrated that the presence of Ni2P largely reduces Ru loss, which thus makes the application of PtRu much stronger in direct methanol fuel cells. Outstanding catalytic activity and stability were observed by cyclic voltammetry. Upon integrating the catalyst material into a practical direct methanol fuel cell, the highest maximum power density was achieved on the PtRu-Ni2P/C catalyst among the reference catalysts at different temperatures. A maximum power density of 69.9mWcm-2 at 30°C was obtained on PtRu-Ni2P/C, which is even higher than the power density of the state-of-the-art commercial PtRu catalyst at 70°C (63.1mWcm-2). Moreover, decay in the performance resulting from Ru loss was greatly reduced owing to the presence of Ni2P, which is indicative of very promising applications.
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| 10. |
- Chen, Hu, et al.
(författare)
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Highly Active Three-Dimensional NiFe/Cu2O Nanowires/Cu Foam Electrode for Water Oxidation
- 2017
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 10:7, s. 1475-1481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water splitting is of paramount importance for exploiting renewable energy-conversion and -storage systems, but is greatly hindered by the kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this work, a three-dimensional, highly efficient, and durable NiFe/Cu2O nanowires/Cu foam anode (NiFe/Cu2O NWs/CF) for water oxidation in 1.0m KOH was developed. The obtained electrode exhibited a current density of 10mAcm(-2) at a uniquely low overpotential of =215mV. The average specific current density (j(s)) was estimated, on the basis of the electrocatalytically active surface area, to be 0.163mAcm(-2) at =310mV. The electrode also displayed a low Tafel slope of 42mVdecade(-1). Moreover, the NiFe/Cu2O NWs/CF electrode could maintain a steady current density of 100mAcm(-2) for 50h at an overpotential of =260mV. The outstanding electrochemical performance of the electrode for the OER was attributed to the high conductivity of the Cu foam and the specific structure of the electrode with a large interfacial area.
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