| 1. |
- Barcaccia, Barbara, et al.
(författare)
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Mindfulness, Self-Compassion and Attachment: A Network Analysis of Psychopathology Symptoms in Adolescents
- 2020
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1868-8535 .- 1868-8527. ; 11, s. 2531-2541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesMindfulness, positive self-related attitudes and secure attachment have been shown to protect against psychopathology during adolescence, but it is unknown how these factors are related to each other and which are most strongly linked to psychopathology symptoms.MethodsA cross-sectional research design was used with a large sample of adolescents (aged 14 to 18 years; n = 1660) that completed validated measures of mindfulness, self-related attitudes, attachment, depression, anxiety and anger. We employed network analytic methods in order to better understand associations among these variables.ResultsMindfulness was linked to lower levels of depression and anxiety while self-reassurance was linked to lower levels of anxiety and higher levels of anger. Self-hate was linked to depression. In turn, self-reassurance and self-hate were differentially linked to facets of attachment, particularly trust in parents.ConclusionsInterventions combining mindfulness practice and clinical techniques based on attachment theory, which operate on different psychological levels, may improve self-related attitudes, which in turn can help ameliorate depression and anxiety in adolescents. Alternatively, interventions directly targeting self-related attitudes, particularly self-reassurance and self-inadequacy, hold promise to achieve positive effects on mental health among adolescents.
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| 2. |
- Carvalho, Sérgio A., et al.
(författare)
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Self-Compassion and Depressive Symptoms in Chronic Pain (CP) : A 1-Year Longitudinal Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 11:3, s. 709-719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Self-compassion is associated with less depressive symptoms, better mental health outcomes, and less disability in chronic pain (CP). However, it remains longitudinally unexplored the role of self-compassion in CP. Also, although it acknowledged the conceptual overlapping between mindfulness and self-compassion, few studies have explored the role of self-compassion in CP while controlling for mindfulness in a longitudinal design.Methods: The current study conducts correlational and hierarchical linear regression analyses in a sample of 86 women with CP who completed an online battery of questionnaires that assess pain intensity, functional impairment, depressive symptoms, mindfulness, and self-compassion in three time points: baseline (T0), 6 months (T1), and 12 months (T2).Results: Results show that self-compassion (but not mindfulness) significantly predicts depressive symptoms at T1 and at T2 above and beyond depressive symptoms and functional impairment. Also, the interaction between functional impairment and self-compassion at T0 significantly predicts depressive symptoms at T1, but not at T2.Conclusions: These findings expand the current knowledge on the role of self-compassion in CP in showing that self-compassion is a significant predictor of later depressive symptoms in CP and suggesting its potential role in buffering the impact of functional impairment in future levels of depressive symptoms.
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| 3. |
- Cheng, Yi Ting Daphne, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of a Chinese Short Version of the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS-17) Among People Recovering from Mental Illness
- 2023
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer Nature. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 14:9, s. 2250-2264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The current study was conducted to translate and validate the short version of the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS-Short) for the Chinese mental health population to examine the association between mindfulness and personal recovery.Method: A sample of 434 community mental health service users completed the Chinese KIMS-Short and measures of self-compassion, psychological distress, and personal recovery.Results: Results from the first- and second-order confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the five-factor structure proposed by previous research. Validity and internal consistency reliability of the 17-item Chinese KIMS-Short (KIMS-17) were evident. As measured by KIMS-17, mindfulness had moderate to strong correlations with self-compassion, stress, depression, anxiety, and personal recovery measures. Participants with experience in contemplation scored significantly higher overall and in all domains of mindfulness and personal recovery measures than those without experience. Additionally, participants who regularly engaged in contemplative practices scored significantly higher overall and in all domains of mindfulness and personal recovery measures, except for the describing mindfulness skill, compared to those who did not engage in practices.Conclusions: The KIMS-17 is an appropriate brief and multidimensional mindfulness measure for people with mental illness, regardless of their level of experience in contemplative practice. Engaging in contemplative practices, whether rarely or frequently, may contribute to improvement in mindfulness and facilitate personal recovery.
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| 4. |
- Dumarkaite, Austeja, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Mindfulness-Based Internet Intervention on ICD-11 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms : a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 12:11, s. 2754-2766
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives A substantial proportion of trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) continue to experience symptoms even after trauma-focused therapies. Internet-based interventions could facilitate access to treatment for PTSD and CPTSD. The current pilot study aimed to investigate the effects of mindfulness-based internet intervention on PTSD and CPTSD symptoms. Methods A randomized controlled trial (RCT) design with two measurement points (pre-test and post-test) was used to investigate the effects of a structured mindfulness-based internet intervention on PTSD and CPTSD symptoms as well as anxiety, depression, and positive mental health. In total, 70 university students with high levels of PTSD and CPTSD symptoms based on ICD-11 criteria participated in the study: 31 in the intervention group and 39 in the waiting list control group. Results We found that the mindfulness-based internet intervention reduced CPTSD disturbances in self-organization (DSO) symptoms (ES = - 0.48 [- 0.96; 0.00]), particularly negative self-concept (ES = - 0.72 [- 1.21; - 0.24]) and disturbances in relationships (ES = - 0.55 [- 1.03; - 0.07]). Moreover, the intervention reduced the symptoms of PTSD sense of threat (ES = - 0.48 [- 0.96; - 0.01]) and promoted positive mental health (ES = 0.51 [0.03; 0.99]). High user satisfaction and good usability of the intervention were reported. Conclusions Promising treatment effects were found, indicating that mindfulness-based internet intervention can reduce CPTSD symptoms and have a positive effect on mental health among youth in general. The findings of the current study contribute to the further development of trauma care using internet-delivered interventions. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NTC04333667 (3 April 2020)
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| 5. |
- Engström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A Review of the Methodology, Taxonomy, and Definitions in Recent fMRI Research on Meditation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 13, s. 541-555
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives As meditation is increasingly employed for the promotion of good health, there is a growing interest in using neuroimaging methods to investigate the neural mechanisms by which meditation acts. In the wake of this rising interest, criticism regarding the lack of clarity concerning theory, definitions, and taxonomy, as well as deficient or poorly reported methodology, has arisen. The aim of this study was to investigate trends in current neuroimaging research on meditation and to provide guidelines for future studies. Methods We made a literature search for articles published during 2016-2019 using the search phrases "meditation" and "functional magnetic resonance imaging or fMRI". Inclusion criteria were limited to meditation studies using resting-state fMRI or such task-based fMRI examinations that were specifically targeting meditative states in healthy participants. Text analysis was performed using Nvivo 12 Mac (QSR International). Results Twenty-eight articles were included from which we identified four different intention-based dimensions of meditation practice: The present moment, Wholesome qualities to cultivate, Unwholesome qualities to avoid, and Attitudes. Half of the studies do not make assessments of subjective experience. The results were related to networks and brain regions describing cognitive, affective, somatic, and self domains of brain function. Most studies describe meditation-related brain function in terms of "processes". Conclusions We defined five areas of potential improvement regarding research methodology: (1) Provide clear and unambiguous definitions of constructs and practices, (2) Include measures of subjective experience, (3) Perform correct assessment of processes, (4) Combine methodologies for more substantiated conclusions, (5) Avoid the risk of overinterpretation.
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| 6. |
- Johles, Lis, et al.
(författare)
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Is a Brief Body Scan Helpful for Adolescent Athletes' Sleep Problems and Anxiety Symptoms?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 14:6, s. 1522-1530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesThe aim of the studywas to compare the effects of a brief body scan with relaxation as an active control group to better understand their respective contributions to the reduction of sleep problems and anxiety symptoms among adolescent athletes.MethodTwo hundred and six adolescent athletes were recruited during the school year 2016/2017 and randomized into four arms: 4 weeks body scan, 8 weeks body scan, 4 weeks relaxation, and 8 weeks relaxation. Sleep problems and anxiety were measured at baseline and 4, 8, and 16 weeks after baseline. Time trends in sleep problems and anxiety were estimated using linear repeated measures models and compared between the four groups.ResultsOverall, there were beneficial time changes for sleep problems and anxiety symptoms in all four intervention groups, but significantly so only for anxiety symptoms. Specifically, the reduction of anxiety symptoms varied between - 11% per month for 8 weeks body scan, - 12% per month for 8 weeks relaxation, - 13% per month for 4 weeks relaxation, and - 16% per month for 4 weeks body scan. However, the time trends did not differ by intervention type or duration.ConclusionsBoth types of interventions had beneficial effects on anxiety independent of length of intervention, suggesting that a brief body scan as well as a brief relaxation could be part of a daily recovery practice for adolescent athletes.PreregistrationThis study was not preregistered.
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| 7. |
- Karl, J. A., et al.
(författare)
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The Cross-cultural Validity of the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Across 16 Countries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 11, s. 1226-1237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The goal of the current study was to investigate the universality of the five-factor model of mindfulness and the measurement equivalence of the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). Methods The study used FFMQ data from published and unpublished research conducted in 16 countries (total N = 8541). Using CFA, different models, proposed in the literature, were fitted. To test the cross-cultural equivalence of the best fitting model, a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was used. Further, the equivalence of individual facets of the FFMQ and potential sources of non-equivalence was explored. Results The best fitting models in most samples were a five-facet model with a higher-order mindfulness factor and uncorrelated positive and negative item-wording factors and a five-facet model with a correlated facets and uncorrelated positive and negative item-wording factors. These models showed structural equivalence, but did not show metric equivalence (equivalent factor loadings) across cultures. Given this lack of equivalent factor loadings, not even correlations or mean patterns can be compared across cultures. A similar pattern was observed when testing the equivalence of the individual facets; all individual facets failed even tests of metric equivalence. A sample size weighted exploratory factor analysis across cultures indicated that a six-factor solution might provide the best fit across cultures with acting with awareness split into two factors. Finally, both the five- and six-factor solution showed substantially better fit in more individualistic and less tight cultures. Conclusions Overall, the FFMQ has conceptual and measurement problems in a cross-cultural context, raising questions about the validity of the current conceptualization of mindfulness across cultures. The results showed that the fit of the FFMQ was substantially better in individualistic cultures that indicate that further data from non-Western cultures is needed to develop a universal conceptualization and measurement of mindfulness.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Laundy, Katarina, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Children with Mental Health Problems: a 2-Year Follow-up Randomized Controlled Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 12, s. 3073-3085
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Moderate mental health problems are highly prevalent and increasing in Swedish schoolchildren, elevating risk for future mental and somatic disability. The aim of this study was to determine whether an 8-week mindfulness-based intervention, Training for Mindfulness and Resilience (TMR), mitigates mental health symptoms and increases resilience during a 2-year follow-up. Methods: Schoolchildren (aged 9–14years) reporting moderate mental health problems were randomized into either TMR intervention group (N = 22) or control group, receiving best current practice (N = 12). We used validated questionnaires to measure anxiety, depression, anger, disruptive behavior, self-concept, resilience, stress, and mindfulness before treatment with either TMR or control, as well as at 6months, 1year, and 2years follow-up. Results: We found a statistically significant effect of TMR intervention vs control, on resilience, anxiety, anger, and disruptive behavior. Compared to baseline, TMR increased the level of resilience at 6months (p <.001); anxiety at 1 (p < =.033) and 2years (p =.04); anger at 6months (p =.004) and 2years (p =.039); disruptive behavior at 6months (p =.006). In the control group, a decrease in resilience between 6months and 2years (p =.05) was observed. No other significant effects were found in the control group. Conclusions: This study suggested that TMR improved mental health in schoolchildren with effects on anxiety and anger lasting for 2years, and on resilience and disruptive behavior lasting for 6months. Trial Registration Number: NCT04806542, date of registration 18th of March 2021, retrospectively registered.
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