| 1. |
- Andreucci, Alessandro, et al.
(författare)
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Cadmium may impair prostate function as measured by Prostate Specific Antigen in semen: a cross-sectional study among European and Inuit men.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Reproductive Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-1708 .- 0890-6238. ; 53:Feb 3, s. 33-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the association between cadmium in blood and the concentration of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) in semen, including the modifying effects of zinc or the CAG polymorphism in the androgen receptor (AR). Blood and semen samples were collected from 504 partners of pregnant women in Greenland, Poland and Ukraine. We found an inverse trend between cadmium and PSA (log (ß)= -0.121, 95% Confidence Interval (CI):-0.213; -0.029, P=0.0103) in Greenlandic men. Similar results were observed in men with a high number of CAG repeats (CAG 24) (log (ß)=-0.231, 95% CI:-0.363; -0.098, P=0.0009). Inverse trends between cadmium and PSA were found when semen zinc concentrations were below the median value for men from Ukraine and Greenland. These outcomes suggest that cadmium may impair prostate function, as measured by PSA in semen, while high zinc levels and a low number of CAG repeats protects against this action.
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| 2. |
- Christensen, P S, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental cadmium and lead exposure and anti-Müllerian hormone in pregnant women
- 2016
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Ingår i: Reproductive Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-1708 .- 0890-6238. ; 61, s. 114-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) has been suggested as a marker for ovarian function. Cadmium and lead have been suggested to reduce female fecundity. In this study we aimed to investigate whether environmental exposure to cadmium and lead was associated with alterations in serum-AMH.MATERIALS AND METHOD: The associations between serum-AMH and whole blood cadmium or lead were investigated by general linear models in a population-based sample of 117 pregnant women.RESULTS: The mean concentrations of blood cadmium and lead were 0.71μg/L and 17.4μg/L, respectively. The mean serum-AMH was 17.3pmol/L. No association between lead and AMH was detected. In the cadmium analysis the adjusted mean AMH level (95% CI) in the highest exposure tertile was 12.4 (6.4;23.8) compared to 5.6 (2.7;11.4) in the lowest exposure tertile (p=0.06).CONCLUSION: The study provides suggestive evidence that environmental exposure to cadmium, but not lead, may alter the level of AMH.
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| 7. |
- Ejdesjö, Andreas, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE) knockout reduces fetal dysmorphogenesis in murine diabetic pregnancy
- 2016
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Ingår i: Reproductive Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0890-6238 .- 1873-1708. ; 62, s. 62-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background & Aim: The receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE) is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, but its importance for the induction of congenital malformations in diabetic pregnancy is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate a possible role of RAGE activation in the induction of diabetic embryopathy.Methods: Female non-diabetic and diabetic wildtype (WT) C57Bl/6 mice and RAGE knockout C57Bl/6 (RAGE‑/-) mice were mated with males of the same genotype. Diabetes was induced by daily streptozotocin (STZ) injections (50 mg/kg STZ i.p.) on five consecutive days. On gestational day 18, pregnant mice were anesthetized and blood was drawn from the heart to measure maternal metabolic parameters. Fetuses and placentas were excised, weighed, and examined for morphological anomalies, and fetal livers were analyzed for 8‑iso‑PGF2α levels.Results: There were no malformations in non-diabetic WT or non-diabetic RAGE‑/- mice. However, resorption rates were higher in non-diabetic WT (10%) than in non-diabetic RAGE‑/- mice (4%). Diabetic WT mice had higher malformation (22%) and resorption (43%) rates than diabetic RAGE‑/- mice (3% malformations and 21% resorptions). Maternal diabetes decreased fetal weight more in WT fetuses (44%) than in RAGE‑/- fetuses (36%). There were no differences in plasma glucose levels between the diabetic WT and RAGE‑/- mice, but plasma levels of triglycerides and cholesterol were lower in diabetic WT mice than in diabetic RAGE-/- mice. Diabetes increased maternal plasma levels of methylglyoxal in WT and RAGE‑/- mice, and increased fetal hepatic levels of 8-iso-PGF2α in WT fetuses, but not in RAGE‑/- fetuses. Discussion: Knockout of RAGE diminished the rates of fetal malformations and resorptions, despite similar levels of hyperglycemia in pregnant diabetic mice. An anti-teratogenic effect was present in RAGE‑/- mice despite having a more severe diabetic state than diabetic WT mice. As 8-iso-PGF2α, a marker of oxidative stress, only increased in diabetic WT offspring, this suggested a pivotal role of RAGE activation and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic embryopathy.
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| 8. |
- Hallberg, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) alters lipid accumulation in bovine blastocysts after oocyte exposure during in vitro maturation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Reproductive Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0890-6238 .- 1873-1708. ; 84, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) is one of the perfluoroalkyl acids present in human tissues. In this study, effects on early embryo development after PFNA exposure were investigated using the bovine in vitro production system. Oocytes were exposed to PFNA during maturation in vitro (10 μg mL-1 and 0.1 μg mL-1), and then fertilized and cultured in parallel with control groups. Developmental parameters (cleavage, blastocyst formation) were followed and embryo quality evaluated (stage, grade). Embryos developed after exposure to 0.1 μg mL-1 were stained to distinguish nuclei, active mitochondria and neutral lipids. 10 μg mL-1 of PFNA had a severe negative effect on blastocyst formation (OR: 0.27 p < 0.05), an effect not observed at 0.1 μg mL-1. However, lipid droplet distribution was significantly altered in embryos exposed to 0.1 μg mL-1, suggesting a disturbance of lipid metabolism after exposure to sublethal levels of PFNA during oocyte maturation in vitro.
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| 9. |
- Heindel, Jerrold J., et al.
(författare)
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NIEHS/FDA CLARITY-BPA research program update
- 2015
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Ingår i: Reproductive Toxicology. - : Elsevier. - 0890-6238 .- 1873-1708. ; 58, s. 33-44
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical used in the production of numerous consumer products resulting in potential daily human exposure to this chemical. The FDA previously evaluated the body of BPA toxicology data and determined that BPA is safe at current exposure levels. Although consistent with the assessment of some other regulatory agencies around the world, this determination of BPA safety continues to be debated in scientific and popular publications, resulting in conflicting messages to the public. Thus, the National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed a consortium-based research program to link more effectively a variety of hypothesis-based research investigations and guideline-compliant safety testing with BPA. This collaboration is known as the Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on BPA Toxicity (CLARITY-BPA). This paper provides a detailed description of the conduct of the study and a midterm update on progress of the CLARITY-BPA research program.
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