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- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term change in cholesterol in relation to inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins: a longitudinal study.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Annals of Epidemiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1047-2797. ; 17:1, s. 57-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The nature of the relationship between inflammation and elevated serum lipid levels is incompletely understood. This longitudinal study explores whether elevated levels of inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) are a risk factor for developing increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. METHODS: Five ISPs (fibrinogen, orosomucoid, alpha(1)-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin) were measured in a population-based cohort of nondiabetic healthy men aged 38 to 50 years at baseline. Subjects were reexamined after a mean of 6.2 years. The development of hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol >= 6.5 mmol/L [>= 251 mg/dL]) and hypertriglyceridemia (triglycerides >= 2.3 mmol/L [>= 204 mg/dL]) during follow-up was studied in relation to the number of elevated levels of ISPs (i.e., in the top quartile). RESULTS: Of men with initially normal cholesterol levels (< 6.5 mmol/L; n = 2224), proportions of men with no, one, two, and three or more elevated ISP levels at baseline who developed hypercholesterolemia were 12%, 13%, 16%, and 20%, respectively (p for trend = 0.0002). This relationship remained significant after adjustments for cholesterol level at baseline and other confounding factors. The relationship between ISP levels and future hypertriglyceridemia was attenuated and nonsignificant after adjustments for confounding factors. CONCLUSION: In apparently healthy men with initially normal cholesterol levels, elevated ISP levels are a risk factor for development of hypercholesterolemia.
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- Johansson, AnnaKarin, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of Smoking Behaviors in the Home and Their Influence on Children's Passive Smoking: Development of a Questionnaire
- 2005
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Ingår i: Annals of Epidemiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1047-2797. ; 15:6, s. 453-459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To construct and validate a questionnaire aiming to measure children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the home. Methods The development of the instrument included epidemiological studies, qualitative interviews, pilot studies, and validation with biomarkers and is described in seven consecutive steps. Parents of preschool children, from different population-based samples in south-east Sweden, have participated in the studies. Results Content and face validity was tested by an expert panel and core elements for the purpose of the instrument identified. Reliability was shown with test-retest of the first version. The validation with biomarkers indicated that the sensitivity of the instrument was high enough to discriminate between children's ETS exposure levels. Cotinine/creatinine levels were related to parents' described smoking behaviors. Differences were shown between children from non-smoking homes, and all groups with smoking parents, independent of their smoking behavior (p < 0.01), as well as between parents smoking strictly outdoors and parents reporting indoor smoking (p < 0.001). Conclusion The results indicate that the presented instrument can be used to discriminate between different levels of ETS exposure and when children's level of tobacco smoke exposure is to be assessed.
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