| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Cameron, Raquel, et al.
(författare)
-
Mortality risk increased in colonic diverticular disease : a nationwide cohort study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Annals of Epidemiology. - : Elsevier. - 1047-2797 .- 1873-2585. ; 76, s. 39-49
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: There are limited population cohort data on overall and cause-specific mortality in colonic diverticular disease.Objective: To measure overall and cause-specific mortality in colonic diverticular disease, compared to matched reference individuals and siblings.Methods: Population-based cohort study ("the ESPRESSO study") in Sweden. There were 97,850 cases with a medical diagnosis of diverticular disease (defined by international classification of disease codes) and colorectal histology identified in 1987-2017 from histopathology reports. The mortality risk between individuals with colonic diverticular disease and matched reference individuals ( n = 453/634) from the general population was determined. Cox regression models adjusted for comorbidity estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Mo, Minjia, et al.
(författare)
-
The joint effect between fetal growth and health behaviors on the risk of cardiovascular diseases in young adulthood
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Annals of Epidemiology. - : Elsevier. - 1047-2797 .- 1873-2585. ; 78, s. 54-60
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the individual and the joint effect of impaired fetal growth and adult health behaviors on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).Methods: A total of 15,618 individuals were included from three sub-cohorts of the Stockholm Public Health Cohort. Data on participants' birthweight and gestational age were retrieved from the Medical Birth Register. Data on the diagnoses of CVDs were extracted from the Swedish National Patient Register and the Cause of Death Register. Data on health behaviors were identified from self-reported questionnaires, and health behavioral profile was defined based on the recommendations of the American Health Association. The associations of fetal growth and health behaviors with the risk of CVDs were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard model.Results: Individuals born small for gestational age (SGA) had a higher risk of CVDs than those born appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 1.88 (1.44, 2.47). Participants born SGA and having poor health behavioral profile in adulthood had a higher risk of CVDs than those born AGA and having ideal health behaviors with adjusted HR (95% CI) being 3.58 (1.95, 6.56).Conclusions: Impaired fetal growth was associated with an increased risk of CVDs in adulthood, and the risk was highest in individuals with both impaired fetal growth and poor health behaviors in adulthood.
|
|
| 6. |
- Robbins, Hilary A., et al.
(författare)
-
Design and methodological considerations for biomarker discovery and validation in the Integrative Analysis of Lung Cancer Etiology and Risk (INTEGRAL) Program
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Annals of Epidemiology. - : Elsevier. - 1047-2797 .- 1873-2585. ; 77, s. 1-12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Integrative Analysis of Lung Cancer Etiology and Risk (INTEGRAL) program is an NCI-funded initiative with an objective to develop tools to optimize low-dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening. Here, we describe the rationale and design for the Risk Biomarker and Nodule Malignancy projects within INTEGRAL. The overarching goal of these projects is to systematically investigate circulating protein markers to include on a panel for use (i) pre-LDCT, to identify people likely to benefit from screening, and (ii) post-LDCT, to differentiate benign versus malignant nodules. To identify informative proteins, the Risk Biomarker project measured 1161 proteins in a nested-case control study within 2 prospective cohorts (n = 252 lung cancer cases and 252 controls) and replicated associations for a subset of proteins in 4 cohorts (n = 479 cases and 479 controls). Eligible participants had a current or former history of smoking and cases were diagnosed up to 3 years following blood draw. The Nodule Malignancy project measured 1078 proteins among participants with a heavy smoking history within four LDCT screening studies (n = 425 cases diagnosed up to 5 years following blood draw, 430 benign-nodule controls, and 398 nodule-free controls). The INTEGRAL panel will enable absolute quantification of 21 proteins. We will evaluate its performance in the Risk Biomarker project using a case-cohort study including 14 cohorts (n = 1696 cases and 2926 subcohort representatives), and in the Nodule Malignancy project within five LDCT screening studies (n = 675 cases, 680 benign-nodule controls, and 648 nodule-free controls). Future progress to advance lung cancer early detection biomarkers will require carefully designed validation, translational, and comparative studies.
|
|
| 7. |
- Timpka, Toomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Face mask use during the COVID-19 pandemic-the significance of culture and the symbolic meaning of behavior
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Annals of Epidemiology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 1047-2797 .- 1873-2585. ; 59
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During public emergencies, a door can open on the fundamental elements upon which a societys social order is built. The Covid-19 pandemic has opened such a door in societies worldwide. We outline in this commentary some of these social elements and how they may have influenced face mask use during the early stages of the pandemic. The purpose is to expand the perspective on mechanisms that are relevant to consider in pandemic response planning. Our look at these fundamental elements showed that latent aspects of the dominant culture and various symbolic meanings of behaviors can reduce adherence with public health recommendations if they are overlooked in the strategic health plans. We conclude that when policymakers decide non-pharmacological interventions during pandemics, they should take into account fundamental attitudes and beliefs that may influence population behavior. This will require paying attention to variations in things like culture and symbolic meanings of behavior. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 8. |
- Ytterberg, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the association of parity and its interaction with history of preterm delivery on gestational duration.
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Annals of epidemiology. - 1047-2797 .- 1873-2585. ; 87
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preterm delivery is a major cause of child mortality. While the relationship between parity and preterm delivery is known, its association with gestational duration and variability remains underexplored. Differences in variance may suggest interaction with other well-established risk factors.With 1.1 million spontaneous deliveries (1990-2012) from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, we assessed while accounting for potential confounders the effects of parity on the mean and variance of gestational duration, and its possible interactions with history of preterm delivery. Pedigrees allowed to account for nonobserved, shared confounders using linear mixed models.Parity has a modest association with mean gestational duration, but a large effect on its variance. For example, the first pregnancy had the shortest mean gestational duration, 0.29days shorter (95% CI: -0.33, -0.25) than the second, and the largest variance (σ2 =135days2). Accounting for shared unobserved confounders highlighted a group effect bias, likely linked to the mothers' total number of offspring. Parity interacts with other risk factors, including previous preterm delivery where the magnitude of its effect increases with parity (up to 4.6days effect difference).Nonshared factors across a mother's pregnancies highlight parity's importance to gain insight into the mechanisms governing the timing of delivery.
|
|
| 9. |
- Crump, Casey, et al.
(författare)
-
Preterm or early term birth and risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder : a national cohort and co-sibling study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Annals of Epidemiology. - 1047-2797. ; 86, s. 4-125
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To examine risks of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preterm and early term birth survivors, and potential sex-specific differences. Methods: A national cohort study was conducted of all 4061,795 singletons born in Sweden in 1973–2013 who survived infancy, followed up for ADHD identified from nationwide diagnoses and medications through 2018. Poisson regression was used to compute prevalence ratios (PRs), adjusting for sociodemographic and perinatal factors. Co-sibling analyses assessed for confounding by unmeasured shared familial (genetic or environmental) factors. Results: ADHD prevalences by gestational age at birth were 12.1% for extremely preterm (22–27 weeks), 7.0% for moderately preterm (28–33 weeks), 5.7% for late preterm (34–36 weeks), 6.1% for all preterm (<37 weeks), 5.2% for early term (37–38 weeks), and 4.5% for full-term (39–41 weeks). Adjusted PRs comparing extremely preterm, all preterm, or early term versus full-term, respectively, were 2.35 (95% CI, 2.15–2.57), 1.28 (1.25–1.31), and 1.12 (1.10–1.13) among males, and 2.46 (2.17–2.78), 1.24 (1.20–1.28), and 1.08 (1.06–1.10) among females (P < .001 for each). These associations were virtually unchanged after controlling for shared familial factors. Both spontaneous and medically indicated preterm birth were associated with ADHD (adjusted PRs, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.18–1.24; and 1.39; 1.34–1.43, respectively). Conclusions: In this large cohort, preterm and early term birth were associated with increased risks of ADHD in males and females, independently of covariates and shared familial factors.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
