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| 2. |
- Ahlgren, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Struggle for time to teach. Teachers experiences of their work situation.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 40:Suppl 1, s. 111-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective of this study was to from a gender perspective, explore elementary school teacher' experiences of their work situation, and identify conditions that could be health risks. Participants: Eighteen female teachers who work in an elementary school in Northern Sweden. Method: Thematic interviews were conducted using an interview guide. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the transcribed text and interpretations were made within gender theory. Results: Four categories emerged: "Squeezed between dream and reality", "Effort to keep up with demands", "We can make it together" and "The school needs men's qualities". The categories were linked together with the theme "A struggle for time to teach". The theme describes the conflict between the teachers' ambitions to teach and create a stimulating learning environment versus the increased need for behaviour control that took time from classroom work. Beside work at the school, the teachers carried a large burden of domestic work.Conclusions: Teachers' work includes both endless demands and great joy. Their work is structured within the schools gender system in which caring duties are subordinated despite a growing demand for behaviour control. Traditional gender roles affect their domestic work load.
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| 3. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient and effective learning for safety from incidents
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41, s. 3216-3222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning from incidents is important for improving safety. Many companies spend a great deal of time and money on such learning procedures. The objectives of this paper are to present some early results from a project aimed at revealing weaknesses in the procedures for learning from incidents and to discuss improvements in these procedures, especially in chemical process industries. The empirical base comes from a project assessing organizational learning and the effectiveness of the different steps of the learning cycle for safety and studying relations between safety-specific transformational leadership, safety climate, trust, safety-related behavior and learning from incidents. The results point at common weaknesses in the organizational learning, both in the horizontal learning (geographical spread) and in vertical learning (double-loop learning). Furthermore, the effectiveness in the different steps of the learning cycle is low due to insufficient information in incident reports, very shallow analyses of reports, decisions that focus at solving the problem only at the place where the incident took place, late implementations and weak solutions. Strong correlations with learning from incidents were found for all safety climate variables as well as for safety-related behaviors and trust. The relationships were very strong for trust, safety knowledge, safety participation and safety compliance.
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| 4. |
- Alm, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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How to increase safety in complex systems - an ongoing project
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41:Suppl. 1, s. 3234-3237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to describe an ongoing project with the aim of improving safety in an organization working with maintenance and development of the railway infrastructure in Sweden. The first sub goal was to investigate the Genta method, with 62 employees resulted in a description of these latent errors in the organization.eral Failure Types in the organization. Seminars and interviews, based on the Tripod Del Recommendations for an improvement toward a safety culture was suggested, action plans were formulated and, in some cases, implemented. A follow up study is planned in a two year perspective.
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| 5. |
- Alm, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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The alarm system and a possible way forward
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41:Suppl. 1, s. 2840-2844
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to make a review of studies concerning problems with alarm systems and to make a theoretical analysis of these problems. The aim is also to show some general design ideas to improve alarm presentation in process descriptions. Using research results from situation awareness and decision making a number of suggestions for further development of alarm systems are presented. Recommendations include providing operators of complex systems feedback that can support their mental models and situational awareness. Furthermore a recommendation is to design alarm systems that can learn from experience.
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| 6. |
- Alm, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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The alarm system and a possible way forward
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41:Supplement 1/ 2012, s. 2840-2844
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to make a review of studies concerning problems with alarm systems and to make a theoretical analysis of these problems. The aim is also to show some general design ideas to improve alarm presentation in process descriptions. Using research results from situation awareness and decision making a number of suggestions for further development of alarm systems are presented. Recommendations include providing operators of complex systems feedback that can support their mental models and situational awareness. Furthermore a recommendation is to design alarm systems that can learn from experience.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Annika, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between leisure activities and binge drinking in adults: Findings from a Swedish newly sick-listed sample.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Work : A journal of Prevention, Assesment and rehabilitation. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 48:2, s. 143-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Leisure activities and drinking patterns are factors that can affect health and ability to return to work after a sick-leave. Associations between participation in leisure activities and binge drinking among sick-listed individuals have been paid little attention in the research literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine associations between leisure activities and binge drinking in a sample of newly sick-listed women and men. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 2,888 individuals aged 19-64 years. Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire data from the Health Assets Project, Sweden, was used. Participation in 18 leisure activities was estimated. Binge drinking was defined as consuming alcohol at least once a month, and typically consuming five or more glasses. RESULTS: Among women aged 19-30 years who regularly went to concerts (OR 2.36) and wrote (OR 2.39) associations were found with binge drinking. Lower OR was found among women aged 31-64 who regularly went to the cinema (OR 0.43), out in the nature (OR 0.46) or participated in sports (OR 0.57). Among men, associations were found between socializing with friends and binge drinking in both age groups (OR 3.83 respectively 1.63). Among younger men who attended sporting events OR was 2.31, and among older men participating in religious communities OR was 0.28. CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to understanding the interplay between leisure activities and health behavior. In particular, social activities in men were associated with binge drinking while the opposite was true for recreational activities in older women.
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| 8. |
- Argentzell, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of the worker role among people with psychiatric disabilities: Description and investigation of associated factors.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation. - 1875-9270. ; 45:3, s. 289-298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate how subjective perceptions of everyday occupations, activity level, day centre attendance, social interaction, self-mastery and clinical factors were related to how unemployed people with psychiatric disabilities (PD) envision a future worker role, also controlling for socio-demographic variables. Participants: 175 people with PD; 93 attended a day centre and 82 did not. Of the 93 day centre attendees 39 visited meeting place-oriented day centres and 54 attended work-oriented ones. Methods: Self-ratings and interview-based instruments were used to assess the view of the worker role, social interaction, subjective perceptions of everyday occupations, activity level, self-mastery, and socio-demographic and clinical factors. Non-parametric statistics were used when analysing the data. Results: A few aspects of the worker role seemed positively influenced by attending a day centre, in particular a work-oriented one. High levels of activity (p=0.009) and self-mastery (p=0.024), being younger (p=0.004) and having less depression (p=0.008) were also associated with a more positive view of the worker role. Conclusion: In order to enhance a future worker role the individual's feeling of control in the rehabilitation process should be highlighted and possibilities for general activity engagement be offered. Since the findings indicate that most aspects of the worker role were not enhanced by day centre attendance community-based care should further concentrate on promoting this future role for people with PD.
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| 9. |
- Arvidsson, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Discrepancies in pain presentation caused by adverse psychosocial conditions as compared to pain due to high physical workload?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation. - 1875-9270. ; 41, s. 2472-2475
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disorders in the musculoskeletal system have been associated with a high physical workload as well as psychosocial and individual factors. It is however not obvious which of these factors that is most important to prevent. Musculoskeletal disorders in neck and upper extremity was assessed by interview and clinical examination in 79 teachers and 93 assisting nurses, all females. Psychosocial work environment was assessed by questionnaire. The physical workload was recorded by technical measurements of postures, movements and muscular load, in 9 teachers and 12 nurses. The physical workload was lower among the teachers, but they had a more demanding psychosocial work environment. Among the nurses, but not in the teachers, the neck-shoulder disorders were associated with a high body mass index (BMI). The teachers reported neck-shoulder complaints to a higher extent than the nurses, but had much lower prevalence of diagnoses in the clinical examination (12% vs. 25%; POR 0.3 CI 0.1 - 1.2; adjusted for age and BMI). The results suggest that adverse psychosocial conditions among the teachers give rise to a different kind of pain in the neck-shoulder region than from physical overload, troublesome but not as severe as the one afflicting the nurses.
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| 10. |
- Batistao, Mariana Vieira, et al.
(författare)
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Furniture dimensions and postural overload for schoolchildren's head, upper back and upper limbs
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation. - 1875-9270. ; 41, s. 4817-4824
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate how the fixed furniture dimensions match with students' anthropometry and to describe head, upper back and upper limbs postures and movements. Evaluation was performed in 48 students from a Brazilian state school. Furniture dimensions were measured with metric tape, movements and postures by inclinometers (Logger Tecknologi, Akarp, Sweden). Seat height was high for 21% and low for 36% of the students; seat length was short for 45% and long for 9% and table height was high for 53% and low for 28%. Regression analysis showed that seat/popliteal height quotient is explained by 90th percentile of upper back inclination (beta=0.410) and 90th percentile of right upper arm elevation (beta=-0.293). For seat/thigh length quotient the significant variables were 90th percentile of upper back velocity (beta=-0.282) and 90th percentile of right upper arm elevation (beta=0.410). This study showed a relationship between furniture mismatch and postural overload. When the seat height is low students increase upper back left inclination and right upper arm elevation; when the seat is short students decrease the upper back flexion velocity and increase right upper arm elevation.
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