| 1. |
- Aronsson, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Relative consumption of housing : marginal saving subsidies and income taxes as a second-best policy?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 116, s. 439-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes whether marginal taxation of labor and capital income are useful second best instruments for internalizing the externalities caused by conspicuous housing consumption, when the government is unable to implement a first best corrective tax on housing wealth. The rationale for studying income taxation in this particular context is that first best taxes on housing wealth may be infeasible (at least in a shorter time perspective), while income taxes indirectly affect both the level and composition of accumulated wealth. We show that a suboptimally low tax on housing wealth provides an incentive for the government to subsidize financial saving and tax labor income at the margin.
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| 2. |
- Berge, Lars Ivar Oppedal, et al.
(författare)
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Gender composition and group dynamics : Evidence from a laboratory experiment with microfinance clients
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 131, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the effect of gender composition on the group dynamics of microfinance clients in Tanzania using a laboratory experiment. We focus on three dimensions: (i) the ability to collaborate on problem-solving, (ii) joint decision-making in risk taking, and (iii) the willingness to cooperate in a public-goods game. Our main finding is that female groups are better at collaborating in problem-solving than male and mixed groups, and are also more willing to take risks. However, in the public-goods game we find no robust evidence of female groups contributing more than male and mixed groups. Our findings suggest that one reason why female loan groups often have higher repayment rates than male and mixed groups may be that female groups are more able to collaborate and find common solutions to common challenges.
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| 3. |
- Bernergård, Axel
(författare)
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Self-control problems and the folk theorem
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 163, s. 332-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper generalizes the basic complete information pure-action folk theorem such that it applies when discounting is present-biased and the discount factor between two successive periods increases with the waiting time until the periods are reached. We distinguish between time-consistent decision makers who maximize their initial preferences and time-inconsistent decision makers who maximize their current preferences, and our folk theorem holds for both types. Since discount functions are not assumed to have any specific functional form, decision makers are said to be patient if the sum of the discount factors for all periods is large.
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| 4. |
- Bonnier, Evelina, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to half-dressed women and economic behavior
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 168, s. 393-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Images of half-dressed women are ubiquitous in advertising and popular culture. Yet little is known about the potential impacts of such images on economic decision making. We randomize 648 participants of both genders to advertising images including either women in bikini or underwear, fully dressed women, or no women, and examine the effects on risk taking, willingness to compete and math performance in a lab experiment. We find no treatment effects on any outcome measure for women. For men, our results indicate that men take more risk after having been exposed to images of half-dressed women compared to no women.
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| 5. |
- Borghans, Lex, et al.
(författare)
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Susceptibility to default training options across the population
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 117, s. 369-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes the tendency of people to choose default options when offered courses to acquire job related skills. We ask a random sample of Dutch people aged 6-80 which three skills are most important in their (future or past) jobs. Further on in the survey, we randomly select one of the skills the respondent indicated and (hypothetically) offer the respondent a course regarding this skill. The respondent can accept this offer, but can also exchange it for a course regarding one of the two other skills indicated. Our findings indicate that people generally have a strong tendency to choose the default option. This effect is similar across gender and education level. It appears that the effect of the default option is less strong around age 30 and declines after age 60.
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| 6. |
- De Grip, Andries, et al.
(författare)
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The role of peers in estimating tenure-performance profiles : Evidence from personnel data
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 126, s. 39-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates how newly hired workers learn on the job and the extent to which this learning is affected by their co-workers’ tenure. We estimate tenure-performance profiles using weekly panel data on individual workers’ performance. The results show a performance increase of 64% in the first year of the employment. We show that, during the first three months, workers placed in teams with more experienced peers have significantly steeper tenure-performance profiles than those employed in teams with less experienced peers. Our results suggest that placing new workers in more experienced teams reduces the time new hires need to become equally productive as an experienced worker by 36%, compared to being placed in less experienced teams.
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| 7. |
- Elert, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of entrepreneurship education in high school on long-term entrepreneurial performance
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 111, s. 209-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the long-term impact of entrepreneurship education and training in high school on entrepreneurial entry, performance, and survival. Using propensity score matching, we compare three Swedish cohorts from junior Achievement Company Program (JACP) alumni with a matched sample of similar individuals and follow these for up to 16 years after graduation. We find that while JACP participation increases the long-term probability of starting a firm as well as entrepreneurial incomes, there is no effect on firm survival.
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| 8. |
- Elinder, Mikael, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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House price responses to a national property tax reform
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 144, s. 18-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show that house prices in general did not respond to a substantial cut in the nationalproperty tax in Sweden. The estimates are based on rich register data covering more than 100,000 sales over a time period of two and a half years. Because the Swedish property tax isnational and thus unrelated to local public goods, our setting is ideal for causal identificationof the property tax on house prices. We observe price increases only in a small segment ofthe market containing properties with very high tax values. We discuss, but can admittedlynot empirically discriminate between, several potential explanations for why we find noevidence of capitalization except for the top segment of the market.
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| 9. |
- Engström, Per, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Demand effects of consumers' stated and revealed preferences
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 150, s. 43-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge of how consumers react to different signals is fundamental to understanding how markets work. The modern electronic marketplace has revolutionized the possibilities for consumers to gather detailed information about products and services before purchase. Specifically, a consumer can easily – through a host of online forums and evaluation sites – estimate a product’s quality based on either (i) what other users say about the product (stated preferences) or (ii) how many other users that have bought the product (revealed preferences). In this paper, we compare the causal effects on demand from these two signals based on data from the biggest marketplace for Android apps, Google play. This data consists of daily information, for 42 consecutive days, of more than 500,000 apps from the US version of Google play. Our main result is that consumers are much more responsive to other consumers’ revealed preferences, compared to others’ stated preferences. A 10 percentile increase in displayed average rating only increases downloads by about 3%, while a 10 percentile increase in displayed number of downloads increases downloads by about 25%.
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| 10. |
- Farjam, Mike, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Bubbles in hybrid markets : How expectations about algorithmic trading affect human trading
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 146, s. 248-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bubbles are omnipresent in lab experiments with asset markets. Most of these experiments are conducted in environments with only human traders. Since today's markets are substantially determined by algorithmic trading, we use a laboratory experiment to measure how human trading depends on the expected presence of algorithmic traders. We find that bubbles are clearly smaller when human traders expect algorithmic traders to be present.
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