| 1. |
- Arnbjörnsson, Einar, et al.
(författare)
-
Role of obstruction in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis
- 1984
-
Ingår i: The American Journal of Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1883 .- 0002-9610. ; 147:3, s. 390-392
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of obstruction in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis was studied by measuring the pressure in the appendix perioperatively in 24 patients operated on with an appendectomy because of suspected acute appendicitis. The technique used involved inserting a fine needle through the apex into the appendix lumen and measuring the hydrostatic pressure required to inject saline solution. In three patients with a gangrenous appendix found at operation, and in two patients with a phlegmonous appendix, there were signs of obstruction of the appendix lumen as revealed by increased pressure within it. In 14 patients with a phlegmonous appendix found at operation, no signs of obstruction were found. These experimental data suggest that obstruction is not an important causative agent of acute appendicitis, but might develop as a result of the inflammatory process.
|
|
| 2. |
- Thörne, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Early posttraumatic pulmonary platelet trapping and its potentiation by oral pretreatment with alcohol
- 1986
-
Ingår i: The American Journal of Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1883 .- 0002-9610. ; 151:2, s. 216-220
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soft tissue trauma is associated with platelet aggregation and sequestration in the lungs. This is believed to be an early step in the later development of adult respiratory distress syndrome. In the present experiment using a new method for in vivo dynamic studies of platelet sequestration, we wanted to evaluate the effect of soft tissue trauma on pulmonary platelet trapping in pigs and the influence of acute alcohol intoxication. The results show that significant pulmonary platelet trapping is registered within minutes of trauma and that alcohol significantly increases platelet sequestration in the lungs. This indicates an increased risk for posttraumatic pulmonary problems in alcohol-intoxicated trauma victims
|
|
| 3. |
- Arnbjörnsson, Einar
(författare)
-
A neuromuscular basis for the development of right inguinal hernia after appendectomy
- 1982
-
Ingår i: The American Journal of Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9610. ; 143:3, s. 367-369
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abdominal muscular contractions may have a protective influence against the development of indirect inguinal hernia. A portion of the transversus abdominus muscles acts on the internal inguinal rings and produces a closure mechanism during voluntary abdominal muscular activity. It follows, therefore, that injury or inactivation of this mechanism may be an etiologic factor in the development of indirect inguinal hernia. One cause of injury to this mechanism is denervation and regional muscle paralysis occurring during a surgical procedure. Electromyographic findings support the hypothesis that paralysis of inferior fibers of the transversus abdominus muscle occurred after appendectomy, and may have been important in the development of an inguinal hernia.
|
|
| 4. |
- Arnbjörnsson, Einar, et al.
(författare)
-
Changes in hospital costs for an appendectomy : 1955, 1965, and 1975
- 1983
-
Ingår i: The American Journal of Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9610. ; 146:3, s. 342-345
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A reduction in the number of postoperative bed days for patients who underwent appendectomy led to a study of changes in hospital costs of appendectomies for the years 1955, and 1965, and 1975. No significant changes were found in the total hospital costs. However, the postoperative costs decreased by 36 percent from 1955 to 1975 due to a decrease in the mean duration of hospital stay. During the same period of time, the perioperative costs increased by 90 percent due to increased length of operation time correlated with an increasing proportion of inexperienced operating surgeons. At present, there seem to be few possible ways to increase the cost efficiency of treating appendicitis.
|
|
| 5. |
- Arnbjörnsson, Einar
(författare)
-
Development of right inguinal hernia after appendectomy
- 1982
-
Ingår i: The American Journal of Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9610. ; 143:1, s. 174-175
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of right inguinal hernia is significantly greater in patients who have undergone appendectomy than in the general population. The most likely cause of such hernias is injury to the segmental nerve supply to the inguinal musculature. The choice of incision at appendectomy may therefore be important, and the surgeon should avoid injury to the nerve branches and important structures in the inguinal region, especially below the horizontal line extending from the anterosuperior iliac spine to the rectus muscle.
|
|
| 6. |
- Elmér, Olle, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevention of posttraumatic pulmonary platelet trapping by portacaval transposition
- 1988
-
Ingår i: The American Journal of Surgery. - 1879-1883. ; 155:2, s. 289-292
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Significant soft-tissue trauma induces platelet activation, aggregation, and sequestration in the lungs. This pulmonary trapping is due either to the size of the platelet aggregates or to changes in the pulmonary microvasculature. To evaluate which one of these mechanisms is responsible for the trapping, we performed portacaval transposition in one group of pigs, making the liver the first receiving capillary bed for blood from the trauma sites in the lower extremities. One week after the operation, the platelets were labeled with indium oxine and reinfused, and the operated animals and a group of six control animals were subjected to standardized soft-tissue trauma to the lower extremities. Sequestration of platelets in the lungs and in the liver was registered dynamically before and for 90 minutes after the trauma. Soft-tissue trauma induced platelet sequestration in the liver in the operated group (p less than 0.01) and in the lungs in the control group (p less than 0.01). Trapping was paralleled by a decrease in the number of circulating platelets. This study has indicated that posttraumatic pulmonary platelet trapping is caused by platelet activation at the trauma sites and not by changes in the pulmonary microvasculature.
|
|
