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| 2. |
- Côté, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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Towards modeling data-poor lakes at the regional scale using parameters from data-rich lakes and relationships to lake characteristics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Inland Waters. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2044-2041 .- 2044-205X. ; 13:3, s. 388-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lakes pivotal for recreation and economically relevant activities are often remote and not well studied, which hinders the application of predictive lake models for their management. Here, we provide an approach to simulate—by means of the process-oriented model MyLake—water temperature, ice cover duration, dissolved oxygen, and light attenuation in 198 data-poor lakes based on parameters obtained for a subgroup of 12 data-rich lakes and morphometric data. Specifically, the model is first calibrated using a genetic algorithm on well-studied lakes. Simple relationships between the fitted parameters and lake-catchment morphometric properties are then derived, and the results of simulations using fitted and derived parameters are compared. The loss in goodness-of-fit, expressed as root mean square error (RMSE) incurred by using estimated rather than calibrated parameters, is 0.17 °C for water temperature and 0.82 mg L−1 for dissolved oxygen. These general relationships are then used to provide the model parameters for 198 data-poor lakes distributed throughout Sweden and to model these lakes. Overall, this proof of concept allows simulating lakes selected based on their relevance for lake management rather than based on the availability of extensive field datasets.
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| 3. |
- Denfeld, Blaize A., et al.
(författare)
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Heterogeneous CO2 and CH4 patterns across space and time in a small boreal lake
- 2020
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Ingår i: Inland Waters. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2044-2041 .- 2044-205X. ; 10:3, s. 348-359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Small boreal lakes emit large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. Yet emissions of these greenhouse gases are variable in space and time, in part due to variable within-lake CO2 and CH4 concentrations. To determine the extent and the underlying drivers of this variation, we measured lake water CO2 and CH4 concentrations and estimated associated emissions using spatially discrete water samples collected every 2 weeks from a small boreal lake. On select dates, we also collected groundwater samples from the surrounding catchment. On average, groundwater draining a connected peat mire complex had significantly higher CO2 and CH4 concentrations compared to waters draining forest on mineral soils. However, within the lake, only CH4 concentrations nearshore from the mire complex were significantly elevated. We observed little spatial variability in surface water CO2; however, bottom water CO2 in the pelagic zone was significantly higher than bottom waters at nearshore locations. Overall, temperature, precipitation, and thermal stratification explained temporal patterns of CO2 concentration, whereas hydrology (discharge and precipitation) best predicted the variation in CH4 concentration. Consistent with these different controls, the highest CO2 emission was related to lake turnover at the end of August while the highest CH4 emission was associated with precipitation events at the end of June. These results suggest that annual carbon emissions from small boreal lakes are influenced by temporal variation in weather conditions that regulate thermal stratification and trigger hydrologic land-water connections that supply gases from catchment soils to the lake.
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| 4. |
- Fehlinger, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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The ecological role of permanent ponds in Europe : a review of dietary linkages to terrestrial ecosystems via emerging insects
- 2023
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Ingår i: Inland Waters. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2044-2041 .- 2044-205X. ; 13:1, s. 30-46
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Permanent ponds are valuable freshwater systems and biodiversity hotspots. They provide diverse ecosystem services (ESs), including water quality improvement and supply, food provisioning, and biodiversity support, despite significant pressure from multiple anthropogenic stressors and the impacts of ongoing global change. However, ponds are largely overlooked in management plans and legislation, and ecological research has focused on large freshwater ecosystems, such as rivers or lakes. Protection of ponds is often insufficient or indirectly provided via associated habitats such as wetlands. This situation is likely exacerbated by the lack of a full-scale understanding of the importance of ponds. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of permanent ponds across Europe, including their usages and the biodiversity they support. By discussing the concepts of pondscape and metacommunity theory, we highlight the importance of connectivity among and between ponds and identified fluxes of emerging insects as another ES of ponds. Those insects are rich in essential nutrients such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), delivered through them to the terrestrial environment; however, the extent and impact of this ES remains largely unexplored. Several potential stressors, especially related to ongoing global change, that influence pond diversity and integrity are discussed. We provide our insights on future pond management. Adaptive measures, taking into account the pond system per se within the pondscape, are the most promising to mitigate the loss of natural ponds and restore and conserve natural small waterbodies as refuges and diversity hotspots in increasingly urbanized landscapes.
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| 5. |
- Huser, Brian
(författare)
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Changes to water quality and sediment phosphorus forms in a shallow, eutrophic lake after removal of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Inland Waters. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2044-2041 .- 2044-205X. ; 12, s. 33-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pickerel Lake (Minnesota, USA) is a shallow, polymictic lake that has had eutrophication problems for decades. Although excess nutrient loading has been a problem in the past, the dominance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was considered to be a substantial factor driving and sustaining eutrophic conditions. To remove carp and restore the fish community, the lake was treated with rotenone in late 2009 and then restocked with native species. All water quality variables improved after carp removal, with mean values (May-Sep) for chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, and turbidity decreasing by 80% to 93% and Secchi disk transparency increasing nearly 600% when comparing means of pre- to post-treatment years. Macrophyte coverage also improved, from means of 4.6% before treatment to 90% after treatment, indicating a shift from an algal- to a macrophyte-dominated system. Sediment phosphorus (P) storage increased significantly after carp removal as well, with labile (releasable) forms of P increasing in the upper 10 cm of sediment in all cores (n = 7). The decrease in water column P equaled the increase in labile sediment P forms after treatment, indicating carp were a key driver of P transport from sediment to water. The results of this study indicate that an ecological (i.e., both abiotic and biotic) approach is needed when managing eutrophic lakes because management of nutrients alone will not likely be adequate to restore water quality in systems dominated by carp or other large benthic feeding fish.
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| 6. |
- Nydahl, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Diverse drivers of long-term pCO2 increases across thirteen boreal lakes and streams
- 2020
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Ingår i: Inland Waters. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2044-2041 .- 2044-205X. ; 10:3, s. 360-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the mechanisms driving carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in inland waters is important to foresee CO(2)responses to environmental change, yet knowledge gaps persist regarding which processes are the key drivers. Here we investigated possible drivers across 13 Swedish lakes and streams where the partial pressure of CO2(pCO(2)) has increased over a 21-year period. Overall, we could not identify a single dominating mechanism responsible for the observedpCO(2)increase. In the 8 lakes, we found thatpCO(2)increased, driven either by a possible dissolved organic carbon (DOC) stimulation of microbial mineralization or by water color primary production suppression. In streams, the dominating mechanism for apCO(2)increase was either a change in the carbonate system distribution or a possible nutrient-driven decrease in primary production. This is the first study to demonstrate and explain consistent positivepCO(2)temporal trends in freshwater ecosystems, and our results should be taken into account when predicting future emission of CO(2)from inland waters.
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| 7. |
- Thayne, Michael W., et al.
(författare)
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Lake surface water temperature and oxygen saturation resistance and resilience following extreme storms : Chlorophyll a shapes resistance toward storms
- 2023
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Ingår i: Inland Waters. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2044-2041 .- 2044-205X. ; , s. 1-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extreme storms are becoming more frequent and intense with climate change. Assessing lake ecosystem responses to extreme storms (resistance) and their capacity to recover (resilience) is critical for predicting the future of lake ecosystems in a stormier world. Here we provide a systematic, standardized and quantitative approach for identifying critical processes shaping lake ecosystem resistance following extreme storms. We identified 576 extreme wind storms for eight lakes in Europe and North America. We calculated the resistance and resilience of each lake’s surface water temperature and oxygen saturation following each storm. Sharp decreases and increases in epilimnetic temperature and oxygen saturation caused by extreme storms resulted in unpredictable changes in lake resilience values across lakes, with a tendency not to return to pre-storm conditions. Resistance was primarily shaped by mean annual chlorophyll a concentration and its overall relationship with other physiochemical lake and storm characteristics. We modeled variation in resistance as a function of both lake and storm conditions, and the results suggested that eutrophic lakes were consistently less resistant to extreme storms when compared to oligotrophic lakes. The lakes tended to be most resistant towards extreme storms when antecedent surface waters were warm and oxygen saturated, but overall resistance was highest in lakes with low concentrations of mean annual chlorophyll a and total phosphorus. Our findings suggest physiochemical responses of lakes to meteorological forcing is shaped by ecological and/or physical feedbacks and processes that determine trophic state, such as the influence of differences in nutrient availability and algal growth.
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| 8. |
- Wurzbacher, Christian, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Fungal communities in groundwater springs along the volcanic zone of Iceland
- 2020
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Ingår i: Inland Waters. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2044-2041 .- 2044-205X. ; 10:3, s. 418-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aquatic fungi are a largely unexplored group of organisms with a still unknown diversity of ecological niches. Groundwater biomes comprise vast but poorly explored habitats. In this study, we sampled the Icelandic groundwater, a unique system that has been separated and isolated into distinct basins for millions of years due to volcanic activity. The aim was to explore the fungal diversity of the basins and its connection with the surface waters. We screened the DNA-based fungal diversity of 11 Icelandic groundwater springs and their emerging surface waters by ITS metabarcoding, revealing that the species turnover was indeed distinct for each groundwater basin. Furthermore, the groundwater taxa, which include many psychrophilic yeast-like and ascomycete fungi, seem to serve as a constant inoculum for the surface water. Nevertheless, the groundwater springs had a lower sequence proportion of early diverging, primary aquatic fungal lineages (10%) and completely unknown lineages (13%) than the surface waters (41% and 22%, respectively), likely explained by the lower diversity of suitable hosts for these presumed parasitic lineages. Our results highlight the importance of overlooked organism groups in the resolution of overarching research questions in ecology, nutrient circulation, and global change biology at large.
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