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- Bodin, Örjan, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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A network perspective of human-nature interactions in dynamic and fast-changing landscapes
- 2023
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Ingår i: National Science Review. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2095-5138 .- 2053-714X. ; 10:7
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reviewing and synthesizing how an interdisciplinary network perspective can inform on governance and adaptation processes in regions undergoing rapid social-, economical-, and environmental changes. Increasing and intensifying the use of land represents a prominent sustainability challenge of particular importance in regions undergoing rapid change while at the same time exhibiting large natural and anthropocentrically induced variability. To reconcile the needs for both human prosperity and healthy ecosystems, a more integrated understanding of key biophysical and adaptation processes is paramount in such dynamic and deeply entangled social and environmental contexts. Interdisciplinary research utilizing a network perspective provides a novel methodological and theoretical approach to that end. We review and synthesize recent network-centric studies, and use this network perspective to show how rangeland managers in a dynamic pastoral region in the Qinghai Province of China form social relationships based on geographic proximity, social status and shared grazing areas. The results indicate that adaption to biophysical and socioeconomic changes is partly a social process in that rangeland managers develop their adaptive capacity jointly and in concert with others they trust and with whom they share grazing areas. Avenues for further development of this network perspective, in terms of how it might contribute important new insights about how to sustainably use land in dynamic landscapes undergoing rapid change, are suggested.
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| 2. |
- Zha, Qiaozhi, et al.
(författare)
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Oxidized organic molecules in the tropical free troposphere over Amazonia
- 2023
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Ingår i: National Science Review. - 2095-5138 .- 2053-714X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New particle formation (NPF) in the tropical free troposphere (FT) is a globally important source of cloud condensation nuclei, affecting cloud properties and climate. Oxidized organic molecules (OOMs) produced from biogenic volatile organic compounds are believed to contribute to aerosol formation in the tropical FT, but without direct chemical observations. We performed in-situ molecular-level OOMs measurements at the Bolivian station Chacaltaya at 5240 meters above sea level, on the western edge of Amazonia. For the first time, we demonstrate the presence of OOMs, mainly with 4-5 carbon atoms, in both gas-phase and particle-phase (in terms of mass contribution) measurements in tropical FT air from Amazonia. These observations, combined with air mass history analyses, indicate that the observed OOMs are linked to isoprene emitted from the rainforests hundreds of kilometers away. Based on particle-phase measurements, we find that these compounds can contribute to NPF, at least the growth of newly formed nanoparticles, in the tropical FT on a continental scale. Thus, our study is a fundamental and significant step in understanding the aerosol formation process in the tropical FT.
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