| 1. |
- Dahl, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of eyewitness testimony in a police shooting with fatal outcome - Manifestations of spatial and temporal distortions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cogent Psychology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2331-1908. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eyewitness statements are commonly used in the criminal justice system and viewed as having a high-probative value, especially when the witness has no motive to lie, other witness recollection corroborates the account, orthe witness is highly confident. A fatal police shooting incident in Sweden had 13 witnesses (nine civilians and four police officers) and was also filmed with two mobile phones. All interviews were conducted before witnesses viewed the films, allowing for the analysis of discrepancies between their statements and the videos. In this incident, a police patrol was sent to find out a man who was reported to have attacked two persons with a knife. When found, the perpetrator refused to obey the officer's commands, and the police eventually shot at him. The analysis showed clear differences between the witness testimonies and the film. Elements associated with perceived threat, for example, the assailant's armament and movement direction and number of shots fired, were remembered fairly accurately. However, most witnesses poorly recollected when, that is, after which shot, the assailant fell to the ground. Moreover, memory of the actual order of events was altered and important aspects omitted that were crucial from a legal point of view.
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| 2. |
- Eklund, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Development of the web application My Stress Control—Integrating theories and existing evidence
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cogent Psychology. - : Cogent OA. - 2331-1908. ; 5:1, s. 1-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To describe the systematic development of an evidence-based, tailored, interactive web application for self-management of work-related stress, and to test usability issues regarding how to proceed through the programme. Methods: Evidence from the fields of stress management, behaviour change and web-based interventions was the foundation for the theoretical framework and content. The next step was the development process of the web application and validation among experts and one possible end user. Last, a usability test with 14 possible end users was conducted. Results: The web-application, My Stress Control (MSC), was built on a solid theoretical framework. It consists of 12 modules including: introduction, psychoeducation, ambivalence, stress management strategies, lifestyle change, and maintenance. Self-monitoring, goal-setting, re-evaluating goals, feedback, and prompting formulation of intention to change are central techniques supporting behaviour change. The usability test revealed difficulties in understanding how to proceed through the programme. Conclusion: The development contributes to filling a gap in the literature regarding development of complex web-based interventions. MSC is dissimilar to existing programs in the field, considering the tailoring and multi-tracked opportunities. Although developed from the evidence in multiple fields, the web application would benefit from further development to support users in reaching the end module.
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| 3. |
- Gerdner, Arne, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of MAP-NET-A network analysis tool
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cogent Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2331-1908. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MAP-NET (Measure and Analysis of Personal NETwork) is a computerised instrument for assessment of the personal networks of persons with substance use disorders and related problems, with information on individual, relational and structural levels, designed to give immediate feedback to be used in clinical interviews, and to provide relevant measures for research. The study investigates its validity and reliability, by using a combination of validation strategies including factor analysis and internal consistency of scales, convergent and predictive validity, sensitivity to social desirability and agreement with collateral interviews. The scales demonstrate satisfactory construct validity and acceptable to excellent internal consistency and convergent and predictive validity with relevant other scales. There is low sensitivity to social desirability and other bias. There is substantial agreement with collateral interviews on the most sensitive variables. Thus, MAP-NET has the qualities needed for clinical use and research.
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| 4. |
- Madsen, Kent, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Interview styles, adult's recall and personality in investigative interview settings : mediation and moderation effects
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cogent Psychology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2331-1908. ; 5:1, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies have investigated the effects of a humanitarian rapport-orientated and a dominant non-rapport-orientated interview style on the memory performance of adults in two interviews separated by a 6-month interval. Also, the impact of interviewees’ personality on recall was investigated. In the present exploratory study, the data that formed the basis of previous findings were re-analysed for potential indirect effects of interview approach on interviewees’ recall, and for any potential relation between the interview approach and interviewees’ recall as moderated by their personality. Results showed three full mediation effects in the second interview: the rapport index (interviewers’ demeanour) mediated the relation between the interview approach and increased recall; the non-rapport index mediated the relations between the interview approach and decreased recall. Follow-up analyses showed a full mediation effect for the individual items friendliness and cooperation in the rapport index, and for negative attitude, nonchalance, impatience and brusqueness and obstinacy in the non-rapport index. Moreover, the results showed a significant moderation effect; the relationship between the interview approach and confabulated memories being moderated by openness to experience; and a high level of openness was associated with an increase in confabulated memories.
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| 5. |
- Sahlin Åkerstedt, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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On threats and violence for staff and patient accessible electronic health records
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cogent Psychology. - : Cogent OA. - 2331-1908. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Does patient accessible electronic health records (PAEHR) result in increased risk of threats and violence? This study was conducted one year after launching PAEHR in Uppsala to examine whether staff whose patients had gained access to the patient portal perceived greater risks of threats and violence, and were exposed to more threats and violence, than those whose patients had not yet gained access. A total of 174 (35%) professionals responded to a web survey. 83 were from the emergency department, whose patients had online electronic health record access, and 91 were from the psychiatric department, whose patients had not. 40% of all participating professionals believed that risks of threats and violence increase after launch. The results did not support a correlation with more incidents of threats and violence, and only one respondent reported that patient access had played any significant negative role in relation to an incident.
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| 6. |
- Skårner, Anette, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptual and theoretical framework of the MAP-NET: A social networks analysis tool
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cogent Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2331-1908. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social network factors constantly recur as central to explaining initiation, continuation and cessation of substance use and maintenance of long-term recovery. MAP-NET (Measure and Analysis of Personal NETwork) is a computerised instrument for assessing the personal social networks (PSN) of persons with substance misuse and related problems, and it is designed to be used in clinical interviews and to provide relevant measures for research. The article focuses on the conceptual and theoretical framework of MAP-NET and how it is operationalised. The MAP-NET interview makes it possible to identify problems and resources both in general and in relation to the specific circumstances that can be attributed to substance misuse. It provides a basis for a facetted analysis of structural, interactional and functional aspects of PSN and how these interact. MAP-NET offers possibilities for longitudinal studies on how social networks develop over time and how this relates to substance use as well as to recovery with or without treatment. Implications for network-oriented psycho social interventions are suggested.
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