| 1. |
- Berglund, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative life-cycle assessment for renovation methods of waste water sewerage systems for apartment buildings
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Building Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7102. ; 19, s. 98-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This comparative life-cycle assessment highlights three main alternatives for renovation of waste water sewerage: pipe replacement, cured- in- place pipe (CIPP) lining (also called sliplining) and renovation by coatings. The functional unit of this study is a six-story block house that was built in 1960 and has 29 apartments. The characterized results of environmental impacts display an advantage for CIPP-lining over pipe replacement in 14 of the 18 studied impact categories. Regarding those categories in which impacts were comparatively large, when looking at the average impact from a European citizen according to the ReCiPe methodology for life cycle inventory list, pipe replacement has greater impacts than CIPP-lining. In general, the impacts of pipe replacement are related to new tiles, expanded polyester cement, the screed, and the material for waterproofing, as well as the electricity needed for drying the structure. The CIPP-lining method displays higher impacts than pipe replacement in just four categories. These impacts are, to a large extent, caused by the use of consumables such as gloves and cotton cloths. From an LCA-perspective, the study shows that the CIPP and coatings relining methods have advantages over pipe replacement under the condition that the technical lifetime is the same for these methods. Still, the uncertainty of service life, as well as Bisphenol A (BPA) emissions, remain as issues of concern for further study. There are also other differences among the alternatives that ultimately influence a property owner's choice of method, such as costs, inconvenience for the residents, renewal of bathroom interiors, and the way in which the property owner values the alternative technologies.
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| 2. |
- Dabaieh, Marwa, et al.
(författare)
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Building Performance and Post Occupancy Evaluation for an off-grid low carbon and solar PV plus-energy powered building : A case from the Western Desert in Egypt
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Building Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7102. ; 18, s. 418-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current trends in energy supply and use within the building sector in Egypt are patently unsustainable and uneconomical; they are not environmentally and sometimes not even socially viable. Renewable energy has recently started to attract considerable attention as a future energy source. After major problems with electricity blackouts the photovoltaic (PV) market, in particular, has been growing significantly in Egypt over the last 5 years. This study was conducted to develop an evaluation method to assess the potential of applying passive design and low carbon and construction strategies together with PV systems for electricity power supply. A one year Building Performance and Post Occupancy Evaluation was carried out for a selected case study in Baharia, Egypt using records of energy use, demand profiles, and monitored thermal behaviour in indoor environments, together with a review of occupants’ satisfaction. The outcome of this study offers an applicable methodology for assessing the performance of mixed use off-grid low carbon and PV plus-energy buildings. The results aim to serve as a base for future national legal requirements for a zero carbon and PV plus-energy solar building practice especially in off-grid desert settlements in Egypt.
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| 3. |
- Mangkuto, R. A., et al.
(författare)
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Optimisation of daylight admission based on modifications of light shelf design parameters
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Building Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7102. ; 18, s. 195-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was conducted to optimise daylight admission as ambient lighting in an open-plan examination room of a dental hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. Parametric design was conducted for new light shelves, to be placed on the east and west façades of the building. Optimisation was performed using genetic algorithm, taking into account the external and internal widths, external tilt angles, and specularity of the light shelves, for two scenarios: keeping and removing the existing overhangs on both façades. The optimisation objectives were to maximise the spatial daylight autonomy at the perimeter area (sDA300/50%(p)) and minimise the annual sunlight exposure (ASE1000,250) on the occupied floor area of the examination room. Different optimised values were obtained for the east and west façades. In the first scenario, the resulting objective function yields an increase of 4.9% compared to existing condition, whereas the increase is 16.7% in the second scenario. Both metrics in the second scenario have satisfied the criterion. Uncertainty in the first scenario is found smaller than that in the second scenario, due to the removal of overhangs that bring more daylight in the latter.
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| 4. |
- Åberg, Magnus, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Improved efficiency for distribution and use of district heating : A simulation study of retrofitting a Swedish apartment complex from the 1970's
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Building Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7102. ; 20, s. 559-568
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Important features of the next generation of district heating systems are low distribution heat losses and low distribution temperatures. The purpose of this transition is to compensate for reduced heat demand densities caused by increased energy efficiency in buildings. In Sweden a majority of multi-family residential buildings are connected to district heating networks that are up to 50 years old. This study investigates the possibility to improve building energy efficiency and simultaneously reduce distribution temperatures and losses for a Swedish apartment complex built in the 1970's. The results show that a combination of better insulated building envelopes and ventilation heat recovery can reduce the heat demand in the studied apartment complex by 53%. The improved building energy performance significantly reduces the required supply temperatures for space heating and reduces heat distribution losses to some extent. The heat distribution losses can be reduced further (up to 49%) by replacing central hot water preparation with apartment based heat exchangers. This eliminates heat losses from pipes for domestic hot water supply and hot water circulation. The study concludes that a potential cost-synergy occurs when a holistic strategy is adopted and conventional energy efficiency measures are combined with reduced distribution losses.
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