| 1. |
- Deca, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Reiner Gamma albedo features reproduced by modeling solar wind standoff
- 2018
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Ingår i: Communications Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3650. ; 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All lunar swirls are known to be co-located with crustal magnetic anomalies (LMAs). Not all LMAs can be associated with albedo markings, making swirls, and their possible connection with the former, an intriguing puzzle yet to be solved. By coupling fully kinetic simulations with a Surface Vector Mapping model, we show that solar wind standoff, an ion–electron kinetic interaction mechanism that locally prevents weathering by solar wind ions, reproduces the shape of the Reiner Gamma albedo pattern. Our method reveals why not every magnetic anomaly forms a distinct albedo marking. A qualitative match between optical remote observations and in situ particle measurements of the back-scattered ions is simultaneously achieved, demonstrating the importance of a kinetic approach to describe the solar wind interaction with LMAs. The anti-correlation between the predicted amount of surface weathering and the surface reflectance is strongest when evaluating the proton energy flux.
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| 2. |
- Li, Hu, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Superior adhesion of graphene nanoscrolls
- 2018
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Ingår i: Communications Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3650. ; 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An emerging material in the carbon family, a graphene nanoscroll (GNS) is composed of tubularly scrolled monolayer graphene and has shown superlubricity and large current sustainability, surpassing the properties of monolayer graphene itself. Here we report on the superior adhesion of GNS prepared with a high yield synthesis method that allows for mass production of high quality GNSs. Raman spectra indicate that the GNS still maintains the signature of monolayer graphene, implying the lacking of π-stacking between adjacent layers. Importantly, adhesion measurements using atomic force microscopy reveal these GNSs with height range of 120-130 nm show a 2.5-fold stronger adhesion force than pristine graphene. This result potentially indicates that the GNS has higher adhesion than monolayer graphene and even higher than the liquid-solid and hydrogen-bonding enhanced interfaces which are essential types of adhesions involved in the field of physical adhesions and thus, GNS could be a new candidate for super-strong and lightweight devices.
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| 3. |
- Pietrini, Alberto, et al.
(författare)
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A statistical approach to detect protein complexes at X-ray free electron laser facilities
- 2018
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Ingår i: Communications Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3650. ; 1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Flash X-ray Imaging (FXI) technique, under development at X-ray free electron lasers (XFEL), aims to achieve structure determination based on diffraction from individual macromolecular complexes. We report an FXI study on the first protein complex-RNA polymerase II-ever injected at an XFEL. A successful 3D reconstruction requires a high number of observations of the sample in various orientations. The measured diffraction signal for many shots can be comparable to background. Here we present a robust and highly sensitive hit-identification method based on automated modeling of beamline background through photon statistics. It can operate at controlled false positive hit-rate of 3 x10(-5). We demonstrate its power in determining particle hits and validate our findings against an independent hit-identification approach based on ion time-of-flight spectra. We also validate the advantages of our method over simpler hit-identification schemes via tests on other samples and using computer simulations, showing a doubled hit-identification power.
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