| 1. |
- Althoff, Daniel, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Global patterns in water flux partitioning : Irrigated and rainfed agriculture drives asymmetrical flux to vegetation over runoff
- 2023
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Ingår i: One Earth. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 6:9, s. 1246-1257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The partitioning of precipitation water input on land between green (evapotranspiration) and blue (runoff) water fluxes distributes the annually renewable freshwater resource among sectors and ecosystems. The patterns and main drivers of this partitioning are not fully understood around the global land area. We decipher the worldwide patterns and key determinants of this water flux partitioning and investigate its predictability based on a global machine learning model. Available data for 3,614 hydrological catchments and model application to the global land area agree in showing mostly larger green than blue water flux. Possible expansion/intensification of irrigated and/or rainfed agriculture to feed a growing human population, along with climate warming, will tend to increase this flux partitioning asymmetry, jeopardizing blue water security. The developed machine learning model presents a promising predictive tool for future blue and green water availability under various forthcoming climate and land-use change scenarios around the world.
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| 2. |
- Bennich, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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Recurring patterns of SDG interlinkages and how they can advance the 2030 Agenda
- 2023
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : CELL PRESS. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 6:11, s. 1465-1476
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set a vision for a more sustainable world, to be realized by 2030. Progress to date is insufficient and implementation challenges are many, including the need for strategies that maximize synergies and mitigate trade-offs and conflicts among the goals. This scoping review synthesizes 51 recent scientific articles on interlinkages, with findings that can help decision-makers address this challenge. We identify recurring patterns of SDG interlinkages, including SDGs that promote other SDGs (e.g., SDGs 4, 6, and 17) and those at risk due to negative impacts from progress in other areas (e.g., SDGs 14 and 15). Such patterns can inform national and local implementation. Further research is needed to clarify the systemic roles of some SDGs (e.g., SDGs 10-12), understand causal relationships, and assess policy options. We make six recommendations for science to make interlinkages knowledge more accessible and for decision-makers to systematically use this knowledge.
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| 3. |
- D'Orazio, Paola, et al.
(författare)
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Catalyzing the transformation to sustainable finance
- 2023
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 6:10, s. 1271-1276
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The modern financial system has enabled a globalized economy by leveraging investments for production, consumption, and the trade of goods and services. However, this system has also engendered a series of wicked problems and externalities, including but not limited to climate change, environmental pollution, biodiversity loss, and inequalities that significantly challenge the well-being of nature and people. The system is also currently inadequate with regards to financing sustainable development, as recognized by the 2015 Addis Ababa Action Agenda. This Voices asks: what must be done to transform today's financial system for a sustainable future?
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| 4. |
- Ghermandi, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Social media data for environmental sustainability : A critical review of opportunities, threats, and ethical use
- 2023
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 6:3, s. 236-250
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social media data are transforming sustainability science. However, challenges from restrictions in data accessibility and ethical concerns regarding potential data misuse have threatened this nascent field. Here, we review the literature on the use of social media data in environmental and sustainability research. We find that they can play a novel and irreplaceable role in achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals by allowing a nuanced understanding of human-nature interactions at scale, observing the dynamics of social-ecological change, and investigating the co-construction of nature values. We reveal threats to data access and highlight scientific responsibility to address trade-offs between research transparency and privacy protection, while promoting inclusivity. This contributes to a wider societal debate of social media data for sustainability science and for the common good.
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| 5. |
- Huebner, Gesche M., et al.
(författare)
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Effectively and equitably steering pro-environmental behavior
- 2023
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Ingår i: One Earth. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 6:4, s. 329-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to the IPCC, changes to our lifestyles and behavior could result in a 40%–70% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. However, promoting impactful behavioral shifts through norms, policies, infrastructure, and technology remains challenging. This Voices asks: what must be considered to successfully guide low-carbon behavioral changes toward both sustainable and equitable outcomes?
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| 6. |
- Kan, Siyi, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of intact forest landscape loss goes beyond global agricultural supply chains
- 2023
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3322 .- 2590-3330. ; 6:1, s. 55-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The continued loss of unfragmented intact forest landscapes (IFLs) despite numerous global conservation initiatives indicates the need for improved knowledge of proximate and underlying drivers. Yet the role of non-agricultural activities in forest degradation and fragmentation has not received adequate attention. We focus on IFL loss caused by various economic activities and investigate the influence of global consumption and trade via the multi-regional input-output model. For IFL loss associated with the 2014 world economy, over 60% was related to final consumption of non-agricultural products. More than one-third of IFL loss was linked to export, primarily from Russia, Canada, and tropical regions to mainland China, the EU, and the United States. Of IFL loss associated with export, 51% and 26% was directly caused by logging and mining or energy extraction, respectively. The dispersed nature of IFL loss drivers and their indirect links to individual final consumers call for stronger government engagement and supply chain interventions.
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| 7. |
- Obura, David O., et al.
(författare)
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Achieving a nature- and people-positive future
- 2023
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 6:2, s. 105-117
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite decades of increasing investment in conservation, we have not succeeded in “bending the curve” of biodiversity decline. Efforts to meet new targets and goals for the next three decades risk repeating this outcome due to three factors: neglect of increasing drivers of decline; unrealistic expectations and time frames of biodiversity recovery; and insufficient attention to justice within and between generations and across countries. Our Earth system justice approach identifies six sets of actions that when tackled simultaneously address these failings: (1) reduce and reverse direct and indirect drivers causing decline; (2) halt and reverse biodiversity loss; (3) restore and regenerate biodiversity to a safe state; (4) raise minimum wellbeing for all; (5) eliminate over-consumption and excesses associated with accumulation of capital; and (6) uphold and respect the rights and responsibilities of all communities, present and future. Current conservation campaigns primarily address actions 2 and 3, with urgent upscaling of actions 1, 4, 5, and 6 needed to help deliver the post-2020 global biodiversity framework.
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| 8. |
- Perri, Saverio, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-political feedback on the path to net zero
- 2023
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Ingår i: One Earth. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 6:6, s. 725-737
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anthropogenic CO2 emissions must soon approach net zero to stabilize the global mean temperature. Although several international agreements have advocated for coordinated climate actions, their implementation has remained below expectations. One of the main challenges of international cooperation is different degrees of socio-political acceptance of decarbonization. Here, we interrogate a minimalistic model of the coupled human-natural system representing the impact of such socio-political acceptance on investments in clean energy infrastructure and the path to net-zero emissions. Despite its simplicity, the model can reproduce complex interactions between human and natural systems, and it can disentangle the effects climate policies from those of socio-political acceptance on the path to net zero. Although perfect coordination remains unlikely, because clean energy investments are limited by myopic economic strategies and policy systems that promote free-riding, more realistic decentralized cooperation with partial efforts from each actor could still lead to significant cuts in emissions.
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| 9. |
- Rickman, Jamie, et al.
(författare)
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Investment suitability and path dependency perpetuate inequity in international mitigation finance toward developing countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 6:10, s. 1304-1314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developed country pledges to provide finance to developing countries for their mitigation actions sit at the heart of international climate cooperation. Currently, climate finance largely flows to big and fast-growing developing countries while low-income and vulnerable countries are underserved. Here, using wind and solar project data, we highlight inequities in the distribution of international investments in mitigation across devel-oping countries and explore the factors that influence public and private investment flows. Results show that public actors are influenced by domestic climate policies since the Paris Agreement, while private finance flows are shaped by investment suitability conditions, which restricts access to both types of finance in the poorest countries. Further, public and private flows are strongly shaped by path dependency, generating an "investment lock-in"that perpetuates distributional inequities. Future international commitments to direct climate finance should address distributional issues to meet countries' needs and the goals of the Paris Agreement.
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| 10. |
- Tilsted, Joachim Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Ending fossil-based growth: Confronting the political economy of petrochemical plastics
- 2023
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Ingår i: One Earth. - Göteborg : IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet AB. - 2590-3322 .- 2590-3330. ; 6:6, s. 607-619
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The expanding petrochemical industry depends on fossil fuels both as feedstock and a source of energy and is at the heart of the intertwined global crises relating to plastics, climate, and toxic emissions. Addressing these crises requires uprooting the deep-seated lock-ins that sustain petrochemical plastics. This perspective identifies lock-ins that stand in the way of ambitious emission reductions and ending plastic pollution. We emphasize that addressing the growing plastic production and consumption requires confronting the political economy of petrochemicals.We put forward key elements needed to address the dual challenges of moving away from the unsustainable production of plastics and drastically reducing emissions from the petrochemical sector and argue for attention to the links between fossil fuels and plastics, which in turn involves challenging entrenched power structures and vested interests linked to the fossil-based plastics economy. A critical step would be ensuring attention to the production of petrochemicals and related upstream issues in the upcoming global plastics treaty.
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