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- Al-Moraissi, EA, et al.
(författare)
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Can aerosols-generating dental, oral and maxillofacial, and orthopedic surgical procedures lead to disease transmission? An implication on the current COVID-19 pandemic
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in oral health. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2673-4842. ; 3, s. 974644-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Various dental, maxillofacial, and orthopedic surgical procedures (DMOSP) have been known to produce bioaerosols, that can lead to the transmission of various infectious diseases. Hence, a systematic review (SR) aimed at generating evidence of aerosols generating DMOSP that can result in the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), further investigating their infectivity and assessing the role of enhanced personal protective equipment (PPE) an essential to preventing the spreading of SARS-CoV-2 during aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs). This SR was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement (PRISMA) guidelines based on a well-designed Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study (PICOS) framework, and various databases were searched to retrieve the studies which assessed potential aerosolization during DMOSP. This SR included 80 studies (59 dental and 21 orthopedic) with 7 SR, 47 humans, 5 cadaveric, 16 experimental, and 5 animal studies that confirmed the generation of small-sized < 5 μm particles in DMOSP. One study confirmed that HIV could be transmitted by aerosolized blood generated by an electric saw and bur. There is sufficient evidence that DMOSP generates an ample amount of bioaerosols, but the infectivity of these bioaerosols to transmit diseases like SARS-CoV-2 generates very weak evidence but still, this should be considered. Confirmation through isolation and culture of viable virus in the clinical environment should be pursued. An evidence provided by the current review was gathered by extrapolation from available experimental and empirical evidence not based on SARS-CoV-2. The results of the present review, therefore, should be interpreted with great caution.
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| 2. |
- Al-Sharaee, Y, et al.
(författare)
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Top 100 Cited Publications in the Field of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Bibliometric Analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in oral health. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2673-4842. ; 3, s. 864519-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this bibliometric research was to identify and analyze the top 100 cited publications in the field of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in order to guide any professional level with interest in this topic by mapping the current trends in the field of TMD.Materials and MethodsThe Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science database was used to find the top 100 most cited papers in the field of TMD, published from the year 2000 to November 18, 2021, with MeSH terms in the search strategy. Data extracted were ranking, title, main author, institution, publication year, a total of citations, citation average per year, the journal the study was published, journal impact factor, and the number of studies that each journal published. Further, also the percentage of the different study designs, the number of studies regarding a specific area within the field of TMD, and the number of studies per country were also calculated. A ranking of authors was also performed.ResultsThe top cited paper was a study on diagnostic criteria for TMD, with 1,287 citations published in 2014 in the Journal of Oral and Facial Pain and Headache which also had most of the top 100 cited publications. Eighty-one percent of the most cited studies were from the USA and Europe and 33% of the included studies were review articles.ConclusionTaken together, since all papers were considered classic, one can draw the conclusion that researchers in 2000 onward in the field of TMD are interested in (a) diagnostic criteria, (b) TMD symptoms and mainly pain-related symptoms, (c) etiology and risk factors of TMD and mainly bruxism, and (d) treatment of TMD. However, topics such as imaging, occlusion, tissue engineering, and disk displacements are presently not as popular.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Claesson, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical laboratory diagnostics in dentistry : application of microbiological methods
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oral Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-4842. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diagnosis and treatment in dentistry are based on clinical examination of thepatients. Given that the major oral diseases are of microbial biofilm etiology,it can be expected that performing microbiological analysis on samplescollected from the patient could deliver supportive evidence to facilitate thedecision-making process by the clinician. Applicable microbiological methodsrange from microscopy, to culture, to molecular techniques, which can beperformed easily within dedicated laboratories proximal to the clinics, such asones in academic dental institutions. Periodontal and endodontic infections,along with odontogenic abscesses, have been identified as conditions in whichapplied clinical microbiology may be beneficial for the patient. Administrationof antimicrobial agents, backed by microbiological analysis, can yield morepredictable treatment outcomes in refractory or early-occurring forms ofperiodontitis. Confirming a sterile root canal using a culture-negative sampleduring endodontic treatment may ensure the longevity of its outcomeand prevent secondary infections. Susceptibility testing of samples obtainedfrom odontogenic abscesses may facilitate the selection of the appropriateantimicrobial treatment to prevent further spread of the infection.
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| 5. |
- Esberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Site- and Time-Dependent Compositional Shifts in Oral Microbiota Communities
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in oral health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-4842. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The oral microbiota plays a significant role in oral health. The present study aims to characterize variations in the oral microbiota relative to the collection site, the dynamics of biofilm accumulation, and inherent inter-individual differences.Methods: Whole stimulated saliva and tooth biofilm samples from the 16 defined tooth regions were collected after 1, 2, or 3 days without oral hygiene (accumulation time) in six healthy adults with no signs of active caries or periodontal disease. The routines and conditions before and between sample collections were carefully standardized. Genomic DNA was extracted, and the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified by PCR and sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequences were quality controlled, amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were clustered, and taxonomic allocation was performed against the expanded Human Oral Microbiome Database (eHOMD). Microbial community profiles were analyzed by multivariate modeling and a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) method.Results: The overall species profile in saliva and tooth biofilm differed between participants, as well as sample type, with a significantly higher diversity in tooth biofilm samples than saliva. On average, 45% of the detected species were shared between the two sample types. The microbiota profile changed from the most anterior to the most posterior tooth regions regardless of whether sampling was done after 1, 2, or 3 days without oral hygiene. Increasing accumulation time led to higher numbers of detected species in both the saliva and region-specific tooth biofilm niches.Conclusion: The present study confirms that the differences between individuals dominate over sample type and the time abstaining from oral hygiene for oral microbiota shaping. Therefore, a standardized accumulation time may be less important for some research questions aiming at separating individuals. Furthermore, the amount of DNA is sufficient if at least two teeth are sampled for microbiota characterization, which allows a site-specific characterization of, for example, caries or periodontitis.
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| 6. |
- Heikkilä, P, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health associated with incident diabetes but not other chronic diseases: A register-based cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in oral health. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2673-4842. ; 3, s. 956072-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oral infectious diseases are common chronic oral diseases characterized by a chronic inflammatory condition. We investigated chronic oral diseases as potential risk factors for systemic chronic diseases, diabetes mellitus, connective tissue diseases, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease, as well as severe psychotic and other severe mental disorders.MethodsThe cohort comprised 68,273 patients aged ≥ 29 years with at least one dental visit to the Helsinki City Health Services between 2001 and 2002. The cohort was linked to the data on death (Statistics Finland), cancer (Finnish Cancer Registry), and drug reimbursement (Finnish Social Insurance Institution) and followed until death or the end of 2013. The outcomes of interest were the incidences of chronic diseases measured starting with special refund medication, which means Social Insurance Institution partly or fully reimburses medication costs. Outcomes of interest were diabetes mellitus, connective tissue diseases, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and severe mental disorders.ResultsThe mean follow-up time was 9.8 years. About 25% of the study population had periodontitis, 17% caries, over 70% apical periodontitis, and 9% <24 teeth at the start of follow-up. Diabetes was the only chronic systemic condition associated with oral health variables. Having 24 to 27 teeth was associated with a higher incidence rate ratio (IRR) (1.21, 95% confidence interval 1.09–1.33) compared to having 28 or more teeth; the IRR for having 23 or less was 1.40 (1.22–1.60). Having periodontitis (1.10, 1.01–1.20), caries (1.12, 1.01–1.23), or apical periodontitis (1.16, 1.04–1.30) is also associated with a higher risk of diabetes.ConclusionOur epidemiological 10 years follow-up study suggests that the association exists between chronic oral diseases and diabetes, warranting close collaboration among patient's healthcare professionals.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Ozuna, Hazel, et al.
(författare)
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Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Filifactor alocis : two exotoxin-producing oral pathogens
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oral Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-4842. ; 3
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Periodontitis is a dysbiotic disease caused by the interplay between the microbial ecosystem present in the disease with the dysregulated host immune response. The disease-associated microbial community is formed by the presence of established oral pathogens like Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans as well as by newly dominant species like Filifactor alocis. These two oral pathogens prevail and grow within the periodontal pocket which highlights their ability to evade the host immune response. This review focuses on the virulence factors and potential pathogenicity of both oral pathogens in periodontitis, accentuating the recent description of F. alocis virulence factors, including the presence of an exotoxin, and comparing them with the defined factors associated with A. actinomycetemcomitans. In the disease setting, possible synergistic and/or mutualistic interactions among both oral pathogens might contribute to disease progression.
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| 9. |
- Sorsa, T, et al.
(författare)
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aMMP-8 Oral Fluid PoC Test in Relation to Oral and Systemic Diseases
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in oral health. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2673-4842. ; 3, s. 897115-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The manuscript uses the previously published literature and highlights the benefits of active-matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP)-8 chairside/point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic tools as adjunctive measures in oral and systemic diseases. Previous studies suggest that as a biomarker, aMMP-8 is more precise than total MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-13, MMP-7, MMP-1, calprotectin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), human neutrophil elastase (HNE), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, and bleeding of probing (BOP). Therefore, aMMP-8 could be implemented as the needed key biomarker for the new disease classification for both periodontitis and peri-implantitis. With a sensitivity to the tune of 75–85% and specificity in the range of 80–90%, lateral flow aMMP-8 PoC testing is comparable to catalytic protease activity assays for aMMP-8. The test can be further applied to estimate the glycemic status of an individual, to ascertain whether a person is at risk for COVID-19, in managing the oral side effects of radiotherapy carried in head and neck cancers, and in selected cases pertaining to reproductive health. In the future, aMMP-8 could find application as a potential systemic biomarker in diseases affecting the cardiovascular system, cancers, bacteremia, sepsis, diabetes, obesity, meningitis, as well as pancreatitis. The aMMP-8 PoCT is the first practical test in the emerging new dental clinical field, that is, oral clinical chemistry representing oral medicine, clinical chemistry, peri-implantology, and periodontology.
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