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- Obrant, Karl
(författare)
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Orthopedic treatment of hip fracture
- 1996
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Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2763 .- 8756-3282. ; 18:3 Suppl, s. 145-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are those who advocate nonoperative treatment of impacted femoral neck fractures, but in general there is consensus that surgery is the treatment of choice for both trochanteric hip fracture and femoral neck fracture. As for trochanteric fractures, modern results after internal fixation are characterized by only a low percentage of secondary operations, even for unstable fractures and when full weight bearing is permitted immediately after operation. The high rates of complication after internal fixation of femoral neck fractures and the insignificant improvement of these results over the decades have made prosthetic replacement an alternative method of treatment, at least for dislocated femoral neck fractures. Until a quantifiable prognostic method to judge whether a given femoral neck fracture will heal is available, and until sufficiently large, prospective techniques have been undertaken, diverging opinions about the operative treatment of choice will persist.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Löfman, Owe, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mineral density in normal Swedish women
- 1997
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Ingår i: Bone. - 8756-3282 .- 1873-2763. ; 20:2, s. 167-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined 429 women, aged 20–80 years, randomly selected from the population register to establish normal values for bone mineral density (BMD) in Swedish women. BMD of the spine and hip was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA; Hologic QDR 1000) and in the forearm by single photon absorptiometry (SPA; Molsgaard ND-1100). The recalled age of menarche was negatively correlated to BMD at all ages. There was no significant change in BMD from 20–49 years at any site except a slight decline at Ward's triangle. Bone loss was rapid at all sites during the first decade after menopause. Thereafter, BMD declined slowly in the trochanter and total hip but more rapidly in the forearm, femoral neck, and Ward's triangle. BMD in the spine even increased in the eighth decade probably due to osteoarthritis. The average change in forearm BMD during the 15 perimenopausal years comprising mean age for menopause ± 2 SD (43–57 years) was −0.4% per year in premenopausal females and −1.6% per year in postmenopausal females. The corresponding annual percental change was, for the spine, +0.2 and −1.7; neck, −0.7 and −1.7; trochanter, +0.5 and −1.5; and Ward's triangle, −0.1% and −2.2%, respectively. Our normal values for lumbar spine BMD prior to menopause did not differ from published values or the manufacturer's normal values; however, our spine BMD values for the first decade after menopause were significantly lower (≈10%) than in other studies. Our femoral neck BMD values for younger women were, like those of several other groups, significantly lower than the manufacturer's normal values, but our sample of young women in this study was small. The prevalence of osteoporosis, if defined as t score < −2.5 is highly dependent on the sampling of the reference population of young adult women, and also on the choice of skeletal site. Further studies on bone mineral density in healthy young adult women are needed.
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