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- Johnsdotter, Sara
(författare)
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Female Genital Mutilation
- 2022. - 2nd
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Ingår i: The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell. - 9781405124331 - 9781405165518
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- “Female genital mutilation” (FGM) or “female genital cutting” (often FGM/C) are the most widespread terms to designate nonmedical practices that alter or affect the external female genitalia. Medical consequences are often classified into immediate and long-term complications. FGM/C in some form is practiced in more than 30 countries, primarily in Africa and Asia, and there is vast variation as regards motives and age of the girls who undergo the procedure. FGM/C is illegal in Europe, North America, and Australia, and in most high-prevalence countries in Africa. Few cases of illegal FGM/C procedures have reached criminal courts in the west. A growing body of research demonstrates that cultural change regarding FGM/C attitudes and practices among migrant communities may be an important explanatory factor. Current contested issues include how the prevalent zero-tolerance approach to FGM/C is in line with the general acceptance of male circumcision, intersex surgery, and cosmetic female genital surgeries.
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| 2. |
- Torres, Sandra, Professor, 1968-
(författare)
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Cultural diversity and aging : ethnicity, race, and minorities
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology. - Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. - 9781405124331 - 9781405165518
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sociological conceptualizations of what it means to have an ethnic and racial minority status, and of how these identification grounds affect our lives, have evolved over the past five decades. These advancements have also had implications for how sociologists make sense of the challenges and opportunities that cultural diversity entails. Research on aging that focuses on (national) culture, ethnicity, race, minorities, and diversity has yet to be informed by the sociological advancements in question. This entry addresses why this is the case and discusses the conceptualizations of ethnicity and race that inform research on aging. In addition, this entry exposes the ways in which the sociological imagination on aging and old age in relation to culture, ethnicity, race, minority status, and diversity could be advanced.
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