| 1. |
- Aakjer Nielsen, Michael
(författare)
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Accidents on rural roads in Denmark
- 2000
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Traffic Safety on Two Continents. Conference in Malmö, Sweden, September 20-22, 1999. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 1-16
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Abbas, Khaled A, et al.
(författare)
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A generic approach for in depth statistical investigation of accident characteristics and causes
- 2001
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the conference Traffic Safety on Three Continents. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 653-665
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main aim of this research is to develop a generic approach for the utilization of statistical methods to conduct depth investigation of road accident characteristics and causes. This approach is applied in an effort to analyse the 1998 accident database for the main rural roads in Egypt. This database is composed of traffic accident data collected for 14 road sections representing nine major roads of the Egyptian rural road network. The proposed approach is composed of two main stages of analysis. Within each stage, several analytical steps are conducted. The first stage is mainly concerned with developing cluster bar charts, where different characteristics and causes of accidents are portrayed in relation to variations in the three main accident contributing factors, namely types of roads, vehicles and drivers. The second stage is concerned with conducting in-depth statistical analysis of the collected accident data. Within this stage, four levels of statistical investigations were conducted. These are meant to examine a number of issues.
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| 3. |
- Abbas, Khaled A
(författare)
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Environmentally sustainable transport strategies : the way forward in metropolitan cities
- 2001
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the conference Traffic Safety on Three Continents. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 780-791
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper is concerned with one of the three requirements of a sustainable transport system, namely the environmental dimension. It starts by presenting components and interactions of the transport and traffic systems using causal diagrams. Generic traffic problems are identified and their causes categorized. A classification of demand and supply-based policies and measures that can be used in designing environmentally sustainable transport strategies is depicted. Such strategies are targeted towards minimizing the generic traffic problems encountered in metropolitan cities, i.e., traffic congestion, accidents, environmental degradation and energy inefficiencies. In this paper, Travel Demand and Land Use Management are considered as two of the basic pillars for designing environmentally sustainable transport strategies. Criteria for comparing demand versus supply-based policies are suggested. These are applied to assess the benefits and limitations of each policy, hence assisting decision makers in the prioritization and choice of such policies.
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| 4. |
- Abdel-Aty, M A, et al.
(författare)
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Developing crash predictive models for a principal arterial
- 2000
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Traffic Safety on Two Continents. Conference in Malmö, Sweden, September 20-22, 1999. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 179-194
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Abdel-Aty, MA, et al.
(författare)
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Using GIS to locate the high risk driver population
- 2000
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Traffic Safety on Two Continents. Conference in Malmö, Sweden, September 20-22, 1999. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 111-126
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Achwan, Nawawi, et al.
(författare)
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Application and development of road safety audit in Indonesia
- 2001
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Conference Road Safety on Three Continents in Pretoria, South Africa, 20-22 September 2000. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 107-115
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The high rate of road accidents in Indonesia have become a national problem, which need serious handling. One of the causes, beside the human and vehicle factor, is the road and environmental factor. Based on international research, the contribution of road and environmental factors is calculated to 24 %. This in turns stresses the importance of a strategy, which in the end lead to the improvement of road safety conditions through application of a road safety concept. The author strongly argues in favour of Road Safety Audits. A safety audit process could be applied at all stages - in the feasibility study before the road is constructed or rehabilitated, during all of the design phases and after the road have been in operation. Furthermore, this paper introduces the concept of road safety audit with an existing by pass road in Cirebon as an example.
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| 7. |
- Adolehoume, Amakoe, et al.
(författare)
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Road safety policies in seven West African countries
- 2001
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Conference Road Safety on Three Continents in Pretoria, South Africa, 20-22 September 2000. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 303-316
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- At the end of 1999, UEMOA, the Economic and Monetary Union for West Africa, launched a study of the road safety situation and management processes in seven of the eight countries of the Union (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cite d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo), in view of formulating Communal Road Safety Policies at the regional level. A team of African and European "experts" was formed to establish a diagnosis on each country as well as a global assessment of the situation in the region, and to draw proposals for action. The final report was published in March 2000 and is now being evaluated by UEMOA and integrated into a wider proposal for transport policies, for presentation at a round table of donors. The present paper does not provide a complete summary of the outcome of the study, but presents a selection of some difficult problems encountered in the countries investigated and directions for possible solutions as seen by the researchers and consultants that took part in the study. Comprehensive proposals and guidelines for Communal Road Safety Policies are not included as they have not officially been accepted by UEMOA yet, but the original report can be requested from this organisation in Ouagadougou. A brief outline of the approach and methodology used is described. More complete methodological guidelines, developed from the experience gathered through the UEMOA study as well as previous ones carried out by Inrets (the French National Institute for Transport and Safety Research) will be published at a later stage.
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| 8. |
- Agustsson, Larus
(författare)
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Automatic speed control : The Danish pilot project
- 2001
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the conference Traffic Safety on Three Continents. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 497-503
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The goal of the new Danish Road Safety Action Plan is to reduce the number of traffic accident fatalities and serious casualties by 40% from 1998 to the year 2012. This plan is ambitiously titled "Each Accident is One Too Many". The four main areas of the accident plan are accidents caused by speeding, accidents caused by intoxicated drivers, accidents with bicyclists, and accidents at intersections. This paper deals with the first type of accident in the plan - accidents caused by speeding. Specifically, the paper describes the automatic speed control pilot project in Denmark.
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| 9. |
- Agustsson, Larus
(författare)
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Danish experiences with speed zones/variable speed limits
- 2001
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the conference Traffic Safety on Three Continents. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 793-804
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The first Danish Road Safety Action plan in 1989 reduced the number of fatalities and casualties by 30% by the year 2000. The goal of the new Danish Road Safety Action Plan is to reduce the number of fatalities and serious casualties by 40% from 1998 to the year 2012. One of the actions that will be used to actuate this plan is the implementation of speed management and speed zones. This paper discusses the Danish experience with speed zones and variable speed limits.
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| 10. |
- Ahlberg, Joakim
(författare)
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Optimal taxation of intermediate goods in the presence of externalities : A survey towards the transport sector
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The paper surveys the literature on optimal taxation with emphasis on intermediate goods, or, more specific, freight (road) transport. There are two models frequently used, first, the one emanated from Diamond & Mirrlees' (1971) paper, where the production efficiency lemma made it clear that intermediate goods was not to be taxed. And, second, the Ramsey-Boiteux model where a cost-of-service regulation imposes a budget constraint for the regulated firm. In the latter model, in contrast to the first, freight transports (intermediate goods) are to be taxed in the Ramsey tradition, and thus trades the production efficiency lemma against a budget restriction. The paper also discusses welfare effects due to environmental tax reforms, with emphasis to what has become to known as the double dividend hypothesis. Finally, administrative costs in the context of optimal taxation is touched upon, a subject that is to a large degree repressed in optimal tax theory.
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