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- Henriksson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of exercise on symptoms of anxiety in primary care patients: A randomized controlled trial.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of affective disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 1573-2517 .- 0165-0327. ; 297, s. 26-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need for high-quality research regarding exercise interventions for persons with anxiety disorders. We investigate whether a 12-week exercise intervention, with different intensities, could reduce anxiety symptoms in patients with anxiety disorders.286 patients were recruited from primary care in Sweden. Severity of symptoms was self-assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S). Participants were randomly assigned to one of two group exercise programs with cardiorespiratory and resistance training and one control/standard treatment non-exercise group, with 1:1:1 allocation.Patients in both exercise groups showed larger improvements in both anxiety and depressive symptoms compared to the control group. No differences in effect sizes were found between the two groups. To study a clinically relevant improvement, BAI and MADRS-S were dichotomized with the mean change in the control group as reference. In adjusted models the odds ratio for improved symptoms of anxiety after low-intensity training was 3.62 (CI 1.34-9.76) and after moderate/high intensity 4.88 (CI 1.66-14.39), for depressive symptoms 4.96 (CI 1.81-13.6) and 4.36 (CI 1.57-12.08) respectively. There was a significant intensity trend for improvement in anxiety symptoms.The use of self-rating measures which bears the risk of an under- or overestimation of symptoms.A 12-week group exercise program proved effective for patients with anxiety syndromes in primary care. These findings strengthen the view of physical exercise as an effective treatment and could be more frequently made available in clinical practice for persons with anxiety issues.
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- Nyberg, Jenny, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Anxiety severity and cognitive function in primary care patients with anxiety disorder: a cross-sectional study.
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-244X. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deficits in cognitive performance are reported in patients with anxiety disorders, but research is limited and inconsistent. We aimed to investigate cross-sectional associations between cognitive function, with focus on executive function, and anxiety severity in primary care patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders.189 Swedish patients aged 18-65years (31% men) with anxiety disorders diagnosed according to Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview were included. Severity of anxiety was assessed using Beck Anxiety Inventory self-assessment scale. Digit span, block design and matrix reasoning tests from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV, and the design fluency test from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System were used. Multivariable linear regression models were applied to investigate the relationship of anxiety severity and cognitive functioning. Comparisons were also performed to a normed non-clinical population, using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.More severe anxiety was associated with lower digit span test scores (R2=0.109, B=-0.040, p=0.018), but not with block design, matrix reasoning or design fluency tests scores, after adjustment for comorbid major depression in a multivariable model. When compared to a normed population, patients with anxiety performed significantly lower on the block design, digit span forward, digit span sequencing and matrix reasoning tests.Severity of anxiety among patients with anxiety disorder was associated with executive functions related to working memory, independently of comorbid major depression, but not with lower fluid intelligence. A further understanding of the executive behavioral control in patients with anxiety could allow for more tailored treatment strategies including medication, therapy and interventions targeted to improve specific cognitive domains.
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- Blomberg, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptation of a guided low-intensity behavioral activation intervention for people with dementia in Sweden : a qualitative study exploring the needs and preferences of key stakeholders
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : Springer. - 1471-2318. ; 24:113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundDespite depression being prevalent in people with dementia, contributing to negative health outcomes and placing increased burden on individuals and family members, access to psychological interventions is limited. A potential solution is guided low-intensity behavioral activation, supported by informal caregivers and guided by healthcare professionals. However, it is necessary to adapt interventions to meet the needs and preferences of key stakeholders to enhance acceptability and relevance. Study objectives were to: (1) explore needs and preferences concerning the content and delivery model of the guided low-intensity behavioral activation intervention; and (2) adapt the intervention to ensure cultural appropriateness, relevancy, and acceptability to people with dementia and their caregivers in Sweden.MethodsSemi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with key stakeholders, including healthcare professionals (n = 18), community stakeholders (n = 7), people with dementia (n = 8), and informal caregivers (n = 19). A draft of the written low-intensity behavioral activation intervention and a description of the proposed intervention delivery model were provided to participants. Open-ended questions explored the perceived relevance of the intervention, alongside needs and preferences concerning content and delivery. A manifest content analysis approach was adopted.ResultsContent analysis resulted in three categories: Content, Delivery procedures, and Illness trajectory. Results highlighted a need to consider the intervention Content via increased cultural adaptation to the Swedish context, and increasing the inclusiveness of intervention content. Delivery procedures were identified as needing to be flexible given the unpredictable nature of caring for people with dementia, with the provision of additional guidance to informal caregivers supporting the intervention. Illness trajectory was viewed as essential to consider, with the intervention regarded as suitable for those early in the dementia trajectory, alongside a need to reduce workbook text to minimize burden given dementia symptomology.ConclusionsThe intervention and proposed delivery model were generally well received by all stakeholders. We were able to identify key adaptations to enhance cultural appropriateness, relevancy, and acceptability for a currently neglected population. Results will inform a feasibility study to explore the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and study procedures to inform the design of a future superiority randomized controlled trial.
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- Bojner Horwitz, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge concerts can facilitate emotionally sensitive embodied learning
- 2020
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Ingår i: Research Studies in Music Education. - 1321-103X .- 1834-5530.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Listening to music can facilitate improvement of cognitive skills and emotional intelligence, which are key antecedents of learning. Music listening can also improve auditory perception and memory. Adjacent to a concert of music evoking strong emotions, the audience was asked to complete a Visual Analogue Scale (10-cm) before and after listening to the concert, along five variables Arousal, Joy, Degree of upset, Daily worries and Benevolence. Changes in the responses to these scales were subject to analysis.Statistically significant changes were observed in the outcome measures of arousal (p=0.005), daily worries (p<0.001), degree of upset (p=0.048) and joy (p<0.001) but were not found for benevolence (p=0.93) in 228 concert attendees who completed the questionnaires. Age, gender and previous music experiences did not make a difference to perception of the music.Attending a music concert with sensitive, emotionally charged topics significantly contributed to stimulating emotional interpretation, which was used as preparation for a reflective participation in subsequent satellite seminars.
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| 8. |
- Horwitz, Eva Bojner, et al.
(författare)
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Embodied learning via a knowledge concert: An exploratory intervention study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Arts, Culture and Health. - Oslo : Scandinavian University Press / Universitetsforlaget AS. - 2535-7913. ; 3:01-02, s. 34-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Music listening can improve acquisition of new knowledge.Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the emotional and cognitive effects of a knowledge concerton the attending audience.Methodology: The audience was asked to complete a Visual Analogue Scale (10 cm) before and after listening to the concert, along five variables: Arousal, Degree of happiness, Degree of worry, Daily worries and Benevolence. Follow-up qualitative interviews gathered narratives from the participants.Findings: 228 concert attendees took part in the study by completing the questionnaires (51 percent of the whole audience). Statistically significant changes were observed in the outcome measures for: Arousal (p=0.002), Daily worries (p<0.001) and Degree of happiness (p=0.01). Degree of worry interacted with age (p<0.001). No changes were found for Benevolence (p=0.93). Gender and previous music experiences did not make a difference to feelings evoked by the music. Age, however, was important since younger participants became more worried by the concert than older.Originality: We discuss the potential role of future knowledge concerts that comprise qualities explored, such as mitigating a variety of embodied psychological capacities, including reflection and agency in audiences, facilitating learning about sensitive issues, and potentially also transformation towards prosocial mindsets and behavior.
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| 9. |
- Luistro Jonsson, Marijane, et al.
(författare)
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Hur kan prosociala beteenden främjas under kriser?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - : Karolinska institutet. - 0037-833X. ; 100:3, s. 433-445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vi lever i en tid då kriser avlöser varandra och vi översköljs av information om hur vi ska bete oss för att minska dess negativa effekter. Att främja prosocialt beteende visar sig minska negativa effekter av kriser och därför är det viktigt att undersöka vad som främjar prosocialitet under pågående kriser. Denna explorativa litteraturstudie omfattar tolv artiklar publicerade inom ämnesområdet psykologi mellan år 2021-2023, där olika faktorer som kan främja pro-socialt beteende under COVID-19 krisen identifieras. Resultatet av denna genomgång visar att social identitet, kunskapsöverföring och förväntad effekt av en beteendeförändring, med avseende på inre drivkrafter och kontexter, var viktiga faktorer som var associerade med prosocialt beteende under COVID- 19 krisen. Dessa resultat kan ge nya insikter om hur vi kan främja prosociala beteenden och förbereda oss för eventuella framtida kriser.
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| 10. |
- Luistro Jonsson, Marijane, et al.
(författare)
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Inre och yttre hållbarhet i kristider
- 2023
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Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk tidskrift. - : SMT. ; 100:3, s. 429-432
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intresset för forskning, utbildning och utveckling inom social hållbarhet, inte minst under kriser, fortsätter att öka. Covid-19 pandemin, kriget i Ukraina, klimatförändringarna, den minskade biologiska mångfalden och potentiella hot såsom politisk polarisering och AI påverkar området social hållbarhet. För tio år sedan etablerades ”Centrum för social hållbarhet” (CSS) på Karolinska Institutet och olika forskare med sina perspektiv på ”Socialt hållbar utveckling – fokus på empati, compassion och altruism” bidrog till ett temanummer av Socialmedicinsk tidskrift 2013. För fem år sedan gav vi också ut temanumret ”Social hållbarhet” i Socialmedicinsk tidskrift 2018, och konstaterar att området är minst lika aktuellt idag. Vi har bjudit in forskargrupper som är intresserade av social hållbarhet, och tillsammans har vi skapat ett nytt temanummer där flera bidrag handlar om yttre och inre hållbarhet i relation till kriser.
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