| 1. |
- Asbeck, Peter M., et al.
(författare)
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Power Amplifiers for mm-Wave 5G Applications: Technology Comparisons and CMOS-SOI Demonstration Circuits
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. - 0018-9480 .- 1557-9670. ; 67:7, s. 3099-3109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A review is presented of key power amplifier (PA) performance requirements for millimeter-wave 5G systems, along with a comparison of the potential of different semiconductor technologies for meeting those requirements. Output power, efficiency, and linearity considerations are highlighted, and related to semiconductor material characteristics. Prototype 5G PAs based on silicon technologies are then reviewed, with primary emphasis on CMOS-SOI. Stacked FET PAs based on nMOS and pMOS for 28-GHz operation are presented, along with outphasing and Doherty amplifiers. Peak power-added efficiency (PAE) up to 46% is demonstrated for a two-stack pMOS amplifier with saturation power (Psat) above 19 dBm. PAE at 6 dB backoff above 27% is shown for an nMOS Doherty PA with 22-dBm Psat. Operation with 64QAM OFDM modulation signals at 800-MHz bandwidth is reported, with up to 13-dBm output power and more than 17% PAE, without the use of digital predistortion. Future challenges for PA development are discussed.
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| 2. |
- ÖZEN, MUSTAFA, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Combiner synthesis for active load-modulationbased power amplifiers
- 2019
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Ingår i: Radio Frequency and Microwave Power Amplifiers: Efficiency and Linearity Enhancement Techniques. ; , s. 225-253
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter discusses the fundamental operation of Doherty and outphasing Pas. Rather than using the original combiner topologies as a starting point, our focus will be on the desired transistor operation. Based on the active loadmodulation conditions that the Doherty and outphasing Pas dictate, we will therefore instead derive the combiners that present the desired behavior. The original solutions will thus appear as special cases when ideal operation is assumed. For any other case, new solutions will appear. We will show how this approach can give both new insights, extended design spaces and improved performance. In the first part of this chapter, we will establish a theoretical framework for Doherty and outphasing combiner synthesis from the conditions that guarantee efficient operation. This will thereafter be applied and practically demonstrated, first in a Doherty design context and then in an outphasing design context. The chapter will be concluded with a brief summary and suggestions for future work.
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