| 1. |
- Dyal Ukabhai, K., et al.
(författare)
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Formation of Ti2Cu in Ti-Cu Alloys
- 2022
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION. - : Springer Nature. - 1547-7037 .- 1863-7345. ; 43:3, s. 332-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the major issues with dental implants is failure due to bacterial infection, and additions of copper are known to improve the antimicrobial properties of Ti alloys. There are inconsistencies in the Ti rich area of the Cu-Ti binary phase diagram, hence the need to find out if Ti2Cu or Ti3Cu is formed, and to identify the type of formation of Ti2Cu. Four alloys: 20, 33, 40 and 50 Cu (mass%) were produced by arc melting and studied using SEM, XRD and DSC. The reactions were derived, and the temperatures of the reactions were determined by DSC. The formation of Ti2Cu is congruent, and no Ti3Cu was found.
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| 2. |
- Boele, H J, et al.
(författare)
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Accessible and reliable neurometric testing in humans using a smartphone platform
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tests of human brain circuit function typically require fixed equipment in lab environments. We have developed a smartphone-based platform for neurometric testing. This platform, which uses AI models like computer vision, is optimized for at-home use and produces reproducible, robust results on a battery of tests, including eyeblink conditioning, prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle response, and startle habituation. This approach provides a scalable, universal resource for quantitative assays of central nervous system function.
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| 3. |
- Ekgren, A., et al.
(författare)
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Lessons Learned from GPT-SW3 : Building the First Large-Scale Generative Language Model for Swedish
- 2022
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Ingår i: 2022 Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, LREC 2022. - : European Language Resources Association (ELRA). - 9791095546726 ; , s. 3509-3518
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present GPT-SW3, a 3.5 billion parameter autoregressive language model, trained on a newly created 100 GB Swedish corpus. This paper provides insights with regard to data collection and training process, and discusses the challenges of proper evaluation. The results of quantitive evaluation using perplexity indicate that GPT-SW3 is a competent model in comparison with existing autoregressive models of similar size. Additionally, we perform an extensive prompting study which reveals the good text generation capabilities of GPT-SW3. © licensed under CC-BY-NC-4.0.
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| 4. |
- Merino Martinez, R, et al.
(författare)
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Human exposome assessment platform
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.). - 2474-7882. ; 5:6, s. e182-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Oldenburg, Joppe, et al.
(författare)
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Propranolol Reduces the Development of Lesions and Rescues Barrier Function in Cerebral Cavernous Malformations : A Preclinical Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Stroke. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 52:4, s. 1418-1427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Purpose: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) present as mulberry-like malformations of the microvasculature of the central nervous system. Current medical treatment of CCM lesions is limited to surgical removal of the vascular malformations. It is, therefore, important to identify therapeutic drug treatments for patients with CCM. Propranolol has shown great benefit in the treatment of infantile hemangioma. In addition, patients with CCM who receive propranolol have demonstrated a reduction of their lesions. Our investigation set out to provide preclinical data to support propranolol as a therapeutic treatment.Methods: An inducible endothelial-specific Ccm3 knockout murine model (CCM3(iECKO)) was used, with assessment of lesion quantity and size following oral treatment with propranolol. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the CCM3(iECKO) lesions and the effects of propranolol on the disease. Immunofluorescent imaging was used to investigate pericyte coverage in the propranolol-treated CCM3(iECKO) mice.Results: With propranolol treatment, the lesion quantity, size, and volume decreased in both the brain and retina in the CCM3(iECKO) model. Novel characteristics of the CCM3(iECKO) lesions were discovered using electron microscopy, including plasmalemmal pits and thickening of the endothelial-pericyte basal membrane. These characteristics were absent with propranolol treatment. Pericyte coverage of the CCM3(iECKO) lesions increased after propranolol treatment, and vascular leakage was reduced.Conclusions: This study supports the concept that propranolol can be used to reduce and stabilize vascular lesions and can, therefore, be suggested as a pharmaceutical treatment for CCM.
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| 6. |
- Shannon, Casey P., et al.
(författare)
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HEARTBiT : A Transcriptomic Signature for Excluding Acute Cellular Rejection in Adult Heart Allograft Patients
- 2020
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0828-282X. ; 36:8, s. 1217-1227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Nine mRNA transcripts associated with acute cellular rejection (ACR) in previous microarray studies were ported to the clinically amenable NanoString nCounter platform. Here we report the diagnostic performance of the resulting blood test to exclude ACR in heart allograft recipients: HEARTBiT. Methods: Blood samples for transcriptomic profiling were collected during routine post-transplantation monitoring in 8 Canadian transplant centres participating in the Biomarkers in Transplantation initiative, a large (n = 1622) prospective observational study conducted between 2009 and 2014. All adult cardiac transplant patients were invited to participate (median age = 56 [17 to 71]). The reference standard for rejection status was histopathology grading of tissue from endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). All locally graded ISHLT ≥ 2R rejection samples were selected for analysis (n = 36). ISHLT 1R (n = 38) and 0R (n = 86) samples were randomly selected to create a cohort approximately matched for site, age, sex, and days post-transplantation, with a focus on early time points (median days post-transplant = 42 [7 to 506]). Results: ISHLT ≥ 2R rejection was confirmed by EMB in 18 and excluded in 92 samples in the test set. HEARTBiT achieved 47% specificity (95% confidence interval [CI], 36%-57%) given ≥ 90% sensitivity, with a corresponding area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.69 (95% CI, 0.56-0.81). Conclusions: HEARTBiT's diagnostic performance compares favourably to the only currently approved minimally invasive diagnostic test to rule out ACR, AlloMap (CareDx, Brisbane, CA) and may be used to inform care decisions in the first 2 months post-transplantation, when AlloMap is not approved, and most ACR episodes occur.
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| 7. |
- Skallsjö, Kristina, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health in patients scheduled for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the Orastem study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Plos One. - 1932-6203. ; 18:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite advances in transplant medicine, prevalence of complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains high. The impact of pre-HSCT oral health factors on the incidence and severity of complications post-HSCT is poorly understood. The aim of this prospective, observational study was to analyze oral health in patients planned for HSCT. Patients >= 18 years requiring HSCT were included from five sites between 2011-2018. General health, oral findings and patient-reported symptoms were registered in 272 patients. Oral symptoms around disease onset were reported by 43 patients (15.9%) and 153 patients (58.8%) reported oral complications during previous chemotherapy. One third of patients experienced oral symptoms at the oral examination before conditioning regimen and HSCT. In total, 124 (46.1%) patients had dental caries, 63 (29.0%) had >= one tooth with deep periodontal pockets, 147 (75.0%) had >= one tooth with bleeding on probing. Apical periodontitis was observed in almost 1/4 and partially impacted teeth in 17 (6.3%) patients. Oral mucosal lesions were observed in 84 patients (30.9%). A total of 45 (17.4%) of 259 patients had at least one acute issue to be managed prior to HSCT. In conclusion, oral symptoms and manifestations of oral disease were prevalent in patients planned for HSCT. The extent of oral and acute dental diseases calls for general oral screening of patients pre-HSCT.
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| 8. |
- Sundin, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence of altered mucosa-associated and fecal microbiota composition in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Altered bacterial composition and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) may be associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aimed to determine the fecal and mucosa-associated bacterial composition along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and to assess SIBO in IBS. Bacterial composition of feces, and mucosa of the duodenum and sigmoid colon was determined by 16S rRNA-amplicon-sequencing. SIBO was evaluated by bacterial culture of duodenal aspirate, glucose and lactulose breath tests. Mucosal antibacterial gene expression was assessed by PCR Array. The bacterial profiles of feces and the mucosa of sigmoid colon, but not duodenum, differed between IBS patients (n = 17) and HS (n = 20). The IBS specific bacterial profiles were linked to the colonic antibacterial gene expression. Fecal bacterial profile differed between IBS subtypes, while the mucosa-associated bacterial profile was associated with IBS symptom severity and breath tests results at baseline (H-2 and/or CH4 >= 15 ppm). The prevalence of SIBO was similar between IBS patients and HS. This study demonstrates that alterations in the bacterial composition of the sigmoid colon of IBS patients were linked to symptoms and immune activation. While breath tests reflected the mucosa-associated bacterial composition, there was no evidence for high prevalence of SIBO or small intestinal bacterial alterations in IBS.
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| 9. |
- Öhman, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Transplantation-free survival after Norwood surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome with aortic atresia: A Swedish national cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cardiology in the Young. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1047-9511 .- 1467-1107. ; 30:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Norwood surgery has been available in Sweden since 1993. In this national cohort study, we analysed transplantation-free survival after Norwood surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome with aortic atresia. Methods: Patients were identified from the complete national cohort of live-born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome/aortic atresia 1993-2010. Analysis of survival after surgery was performed using Cox proportional hazards models for the total cohort and for birth period and gender separately. Thirty-day mortality and inter-stage mortality were analysed. Patients were followed until September 2016. Results: The 1993-2010 cohort consisted of 208 live-born infants. Norwood surgery was performed in 121/208 (58%). The overall transplantation-free survival was 61/121 (50%). The survival was higher in the late period (10-year survival 63%) than in the early period (10-year survival 40%) (p = 0.010) and lower for female (10-year survival 34%) than for male patients (10-year survival 59%) (p = 0.002). Inter-stage mortality between stages I and II decreased from 23 to 8% (p = 0.008). For male patients, low birthweight in relation to gestational age was a factor associated with poor outcome. Conclusion: The survival after Norwood surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome/aortic atresia improved by era of surgery, mainly explained by improved survival between stages I and II. Female gender was a significant risk factor for death or transplantation. For male patients, there was an increased risk of death when birthweight was lower than expected in relation to gestational age.
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| 10. |
- Gawlik-Starzyk, Aneta M., et al.
(författare)
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Availability, usage, and preferences of estradiol and progestogen preparations for puberty induction from a multicentral perspective
- 2024
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Ingår i: Hormone Research in Paediatrics. - : S. Karger. - 1663-2818 .- 1663-2826.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Natural oestrogen administration as oral or transdermal 17β-estradiol is recommended for pubertal induction in girls with hypogonadism. However, suitable low-dose formulations are not consistently available globally. This questionnaire study aimed to identify the current availability of oestrogen and progesterone preparations worldwide.Methods: Endorsed by the ESPE Turner Syndrome Working Group, the questionnaire targeted paediatric endocrinologists. Questions focused on accessibility of oral/transdermal 17β-estradiol and progestogen preparations. Responses were collected through a SurveyMonkey survey disseminated via ESPE channels, direct outreach, and conferences from June 2020 to December 2022.Results: Participation included 229 healthcare professionals from 45 countries. Oral and transdermal 17β-estradiol in adult dosage was highly accessible (86.5% and 84.3%), with transdermal administration the preferred form (62.8%). Most commonly available estradiol preparations included 50 μg patches (32 countries) and 1 or 2 mg tablets (65.8% and 71.1% countries). However, 0.5 mg 17β-estradiol tablets were available in only 20% of respondents from 8 countries. Patches delivering 14 or 25 μg/day of 17β-estradiol were available in 3 and 20 countries, respectively. Oral progestogen had widespread availability (96.0%) and preference (87.0%), while transdermal usage was limited to 15.2% of respondents.Conclusion: This study highlights global challenges in accessing suitable hormone preparations for female pubertal induction. In most countries, the lowest dose of the estradiol is 50 μg for patches and 2 mg for tablets. Appropriate low-dose 17β-estradiol tablets are much less available than low-dose patches. Our survey underscores the importance of adapting guidelines to local availability, and the need for improved accessibility to address these global disparities.
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