| 1. |
- Carcuac, Olivier, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Risk for recurrence of disease following surgical therapy of peri-implantitis-A prospective longitudinal study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 31:11, s. 1072-1077
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The aim of the present prospective study was to assess the risk for disease recurrence following surgical therapy of peri-implantitis. Material & Methods 73 patients (130 implants) treated surgically for peri-implantitis were examined at 1 and 5 years after therapy. The primary outcome was recurrence/progression of disease defined as any of the following events: (a) bone loss >1.0 mm, (b) surgical retreatment, (c) implant removal/loss after year 1. Patient- and implant-related parameters as well as 1-year outcomes were evaluated as potential predictors through multiple logistic regression analysis. Results 57 implants (44%) displayed recurrence/progression of peri-implantitis during follow-up. Among these, 27 implants were removed. Residual deep probing pocket depth (>= 6 mm; odds ratio 7.4; 95% confidence interval 2.8-19.3) and reduced marginal bone level (OR 1.4; 95%CI 1.1-1.7) at 1 year after surgery constituted risk factors for recurrence/progression of disease. Furthermore, implants with modified surfaces were at higher risk than implants with non-modified surfaces (OR 5.1; 95%CI 1.6-16.5). Conclusion Implants with (a) residual deep probing pocket depth, (b) reduced marginal bone level, or (c) modified surfaces following surgical therapy of peri-implantitis present with increased risk for recurrence/progression.
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| 2. |
- Abrahamsson, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of airborne dust emissions from three types of crushed multi-walled carbon nanotube-enhanced concretes
- 2024
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Ingår i: NanoImpact. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2452-0748. ; 34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dispersing Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) into concrete at low (<1 wt% in cement) concentrations may improve concrete performance and properties and provide enhanced functionalities. When MWCNT-enhanced concrete is fragmented during remodelling or demolition, the stiff, fibrous and carcinogenic MWCNTs will, however, also be part of the respirable particulate matter released in the process. Consequently, systematic aerosolizing of crushed MWCNT-enhanced concretes in a controlled environment and measuring the properties of this aerosol can give valuable insights into the characteristics of the emissions such as concentrations, size range and morphology. These properties impact to which extent the emissions can be inhaled as well as where they are expected to deposit in the lung, which is critical to assess whether these materials might constitute a future health risk for construction and demolition workers. In this work, the impact from MWCNTs on aerosol characteristics was assessed for samples of three concrete types with various amounts of MWCNT, using a novel methodology based on the continuous drop method. MWCNT-enhanced concretes were crushed, aerosolized and the emitted particles were characterized with online and offline techniques. For light-weight porous concrete, the addition of MWCNT significantly reduced the respirable mass fraction (RESP) and particle number concentrations (PNC) across all size ranges (7 nm – 20 μm), indicating that MWCNTs dampened the fragmentation process by possibly reinforcing the microstructure of brittle concrete. For normal concrete, the opposite could be seen, where MWCNTs resulted in drastic increases in RESP and PNC, suggesting that the MWCNTs may be acting as defects in the concrete matrix, thus enhancing the fragmentation process. For the high strength concrete, the fragmentation decreased at the lowest MWCNT concentration, but increased again for the highest MWCNT concentration. All tested concrete types emitted <100 nm particles, regardless of CNT content. SEM imaging displayed CNTs protruding from concrete fragments, but no free fibres were detected.
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| 3. |
- Abrahamsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Sopact - en katalysator för samhällsnytta
- 2020
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Ingår i: 1666. 1999. 2000. 2020. Campus Helsingborg 20 år.. - 9789151970912 ; , s. 327-333
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Abrahamsson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Can new technology challenge macho-masculinities? : The case of the mining industry
- 2021
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Ingår i: Mineral Economics. - : Springer. - 2191-2203 .- 2191-2211. ; 34:2, s. 263-275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim with this article is to discuss how changes in technology at workplaces engender both change and restoration of gender constructions within the context of underground mining. The discussions are formed around a constructed case based on material from gender and organizational studies of large-scale industrial mines in different countries, most of them from Sweden. New technologies such as digitalization and automation together with new organizational forms engender changes in mining work, e.g., new types of work tasks, new competence demands, and a move from underground to high-tech control rooms aboveground. One main observation is that the changes challenge the old and recalcitrant blue-collar mining masculinity. On the one hand, the organizational resistance and “lagging” seemed to result in re-gendering and restoration of the male dominance. On the other hand, there were tendencies to adaptation in the workplace cultures, including new ways of forming mining masculinities, perhaps even undoing of gender. The main conclusion is that the most probable development lies somewhere in-between and by analyzing such complex processes of gender, technology, and change future research can get more knowledge of changes of gender constructions in working life.
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| 6. |
- Abrahamsson, Lena, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Digitalisation and Sustainable work : obstacles and pathways
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Workplace Innovation. - : Universitetet i Agder. - 2387-4570. ; 6:2, s. 187-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Work is a central part of our lives in many aspects. Half of our awake time is for most of us performed as paid work. At work, we create the values we need to live the life we desire. At work, we are socialized and shaped into the human beings we are. We are all concerned about how our work will be in the future; will we be able to handle the new technology or will we be replaced by a robot? Do we see the new technology as The wolf is coming or God's gift to mankind? This is an existential question and the future work is shaped here and now. This means that we need to get a picture of what is happening so we can act, but we also need a vision of where we want to go. Our mission as a researcher is to find the pathways to the Sustainable work, but in order to to find the way, we sometimes have to take on the role of the wolf and ask the uncomfortable questions.
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| 7. |
- Ahmad, Amais, et al.
(författare)
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IMI – Oral biopharmaceutics tools project – Evaluation of bottom-up PBPK prediction success part 4 : Prediction accuracy and software comparisons with improved data and modelling strategies
- 2020
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Ingår i: European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0939-6411 .- 1873-3441. ; 156, s. 50-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oral drug absorption is a complex process depending on many factors, including the physicochemical properties of the drug, formulation characteristics and their interplay with gastrointestinal physiology and biology. Physiological-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models integrate all available information on gastro-intestinal system with drug and formulation data to predict oral drug absorption. The latter together with in vitro-in vivo extrapolation and other preclinical data on drug disposition can be used to predict plasma concentration-time profiles in silico. Despite recent successes of PBPK in many areas of drug development, an improvement in their utility for evaluating oral absorption is much needed. Current status of predictive performance, within the confinement of commonly available in vitro data on drugs and formulations alongside systems information, were tested using 3 PBPK software packages (GI-Sim (ver.4.1), Simcyp® Simulator (ver.15.0.86.0), and GastroPlusTM (ver.9.0.00xx)). This was part of the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) Oral Biopharmaceutics Tools (OrBiTo) project.Fifty eight active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) were qualified from the OrBiTo database to be part of the investigation based on a priori set criteria on availability of minimum necessary information to allow modelling exercise. The set entailed over 200 human clinical studies with over 700 study arms. These were simulated using input parameters which had been harmonised by a panel of experts across different software packages prior to conduct of any simulation. Overall prediction performance and software packages comparison were evaluated based on performance indicators (Fold error (FE), Average fold error (AFE) and absolute average fold error (AAFE)) of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters.On average, PK parameters (Area Under the Concentration-time curve (AUC0-tlast), Maximal concentration (Cmax), half-life (t1/2)) were predicted with AFE values between 1.11 and 1.97. Variability in FEs of these PK parameters was relatively high with AAFE values ranging from 2.08 to 2.74. Around half of the simulations were within the 2-fold error for AUC0-tlast and around 90% of the simulations were within 10-fold error for AUC0-tlast. Oral bioavailability (Foral) predictions, which were limited to 19 APIs having intravenous (i.v.) human data, showed AFE and AAFE of values 1.37 and 1.75 respectively. Across different APIs, AFE of AUC0-tlast predictions were between 0.22 and 22.76 with 70% of the APIs showing an AFE > 1. When compared across different formulations and routes of administration, AUC0-tlast for oral controlled release and i.v. administration were better predicted than that for oral immediate release formulations. Average predictive performance did not clearly differ between software packages but some APIs showed a high level of variability in predictive performance across different software packages. This variability could be related to several factors such as compound specific properties, the quality and availability of information, and errors in scaling from in vitro and preclinical in vivo data to human in vivo behaviour which will be explored further. Results were compared with previous similar exercise when the input data selection was carried by the modeller rather than a panel of experts on each in vitro test. Overall, average predictive performance was increased as reflected in smaller AAFE value of 2.8 as compared to AAFE value of 3.8 in case of previous exercise.
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| 8. |
- Almby, Kristina E., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Gastric Bypass Surgery on the Brain : Simultaneous Assessment of Glucose Uptake, Blood Flow, Neural Activity, and Cognitive Function During Normo- and Hypoglycemia
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 70:6, s. 1265-1277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery in obese individuals typically improves glycemic control and prevents diabetes, it also frequently causes asymptomatic hypoglycemia. Previous work showed attenuated counterregulatory responses following RYGB. The underlying mechanisms as well as the clinical consequences are unclear. In this study, 11 subjects without diabetes with severe obesity were investigated pre- and post-RYGB during hyperinsulinemic normo-hypoglycemic clamps. Assessments were made of hormones, cognitive function, cerebral blood flow by arterial spin labeling, brain glucose metabolism by F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography, and activation of brain networks by functional MRI. Post- versus presurgery, we found a general increase of cerebral blood flow but a decrease of total brain FDG uptake during normoglycemia. During hypoglycemia, there was a marked increase in total brain FDG uptake, and this was similar for post- and presurgery, whereas hypothalamic FDG uptake was reduced during hypoglycemia. During hypoglycemia, attenuated responses of counterregulatory hormones and improvements in cognitive function were seen postsurgery. In early hypoglycemia, there was increased activation post- versus presurgery of neural networks in brain regions implicated in glucose regulation, such as the thalamus and hypothalamus. The results suggest adaptive responses of the brain that contribute to lowering of glycemia following RYGB, and the underlying mechanisms should be further elucidated.
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| 9. |
- Arad-Cohen, Nira, et al.
(författare)
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Supportive care in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia:Expert-based recommendations of the NOPHO-DB-SHIP consortium
- 2022
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Ingår i: Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1473-7140 .- 1744-8328. ; 22:11, s. 1183-1196
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the second most common type of pediatric leukemia. Patients with AML are at high risk for several complications such as infections, typhlitis, and acute and long-term cardiotoxicity. Despite this knowledge, there are no definite supportive care guidelines as to what the best approach is to manage or prevent these complications. Area covered The NOPHO-DB-SHIP (Nordic-Dutch-Belgian-Spain-Hong-Kong-Israel-Portugal) consortium, in preparation for a new trial in pediatric AML patients, had dedicated meetings for supportive care. In this review, the authors discuss the available data and outline recommendations for the management of children and adolescents with AML with an emphasis on hyperleukocytosis, tumor lysis syndrome, coagulation abnormalities and bleeding, infection, typhlitis, malnutrition, cardiotoxicity, and fertility preservation. Expert opinion Improved supportive care has significantly contributed to increased cure rates. Recommendations on supportive care are an essential part of treatment for this highly susceptible population and will further improve their outcome.
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| 10. |
- Augustijns, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Unraveling the behavior of oral drug products inside the human gastrointestinal tract using the aspiration technique : History, methodology and applications
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - : ELSEVIER. - 0928-0987 .- 1879-0720. ; 155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fluid sampling from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has been applied as a valuable tool to gain more insight into the fluids present in the human GI tract and to explore the dynamic interplay of drug release, dissolution, precipitation and absorption after drug product administration to healthy subjects. In the last twenty years, collaborative initiatives have led to a plethora of clinical aspiration studies that aimed to unravel the luminal drug behavior of an orally administered drug product. The obtained drug concentration-time profiles from different segments in the GI tract were a valuable source of information to optimize and/or validate predictive in vitro and in silico tools, frequently applied in the non-clinical stage of drug product development. Sampling techniques are presently not only being considered as a stand-alone technique but are also used in combination with other in vivo techniques (e.g., gastric motility recording, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)). By doing so, various physiological variables can be mapped simultaneously and evaluated for their impact on luminal drug and formulation behavior. This comprehensive review aims to describe the history, challenges and opportunities of the aspiration technique with a specific focus on how this technique can unravel the luminal behavior of drug products inside the human GI tract by providing a summary of studies performed over the last 20 years. A section `Best practices' on how to perform the studies and how to treat the aspirated samples is described. In the conclusion, we focus on future perspectives concerning this technique.
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