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- Becker, Per, et al.
(författare)
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An emergent means to assurgent ends : Societal resilience for safety and sustainability
- 2016
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Ingår i: Becoming Resilient. - : CRC Press. - 9781317065234 - 9781472425157 ; 2, s. 1-12
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Societal safety and sustainability are key challenges in our complex and dynamic world, causing growth in interest of applying the concept of resilience in broader societal contexts. This chapter presents a concept of societal resilience that builds on established theory of Resilience Engineering and operationalises the concept by presenting its purpose, required functions and a way to identify and analyse the complex network of actual forms that together achieve these functions in society. The framework for analysing societal resilience is then tested in practice with interesting results. Although the framework has challenges and limitations, the Resilience Engineering approach to societal resilience seems to be both a conceptually and pragmatically fruitful path to follow.
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| 4. |
- Lin, Lexin, et al.
(författare)
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Communicating risk in disaster risk management systems – experimental evidence of the perceived usefulness of risk descriptions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Risk Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-9877 .- 1466-4461. ; 20:12, s. 1534-1553
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disaster risk management (DRM) requires the collaboration of a variety of stakeholders working in different sectors. They depend on each other to share risk information, and effective collaboration requires efficient communication. Clearly, the communication of risk descriptions is a key issue for the success of DRM activities. This study investigated the communication of risk-related information between DRM actors, and how to present such information in order to improve its usefulness as a basis for decision-making. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the issue. The first related to the type of hazard, while the second examined the presentation of likelihood and consequences. We addressed two research questions: Does the presentation of a risk description influence its perceived usefulness for decision-making in a DRM system? If so, which format is perceived as most useful? Our findings indicated that the type of hazard did not affect perceived usefulness to any significant extent. However, the presentation of likelihood and consequences did have a significant effect. These results indicate that the presentation of risk information greatly influences stakeholders’ ability to make well-informed decisions. Specifically, quantitative scale and semi-quantitative ranking scale formats are perceived as most useful.
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| 5. |
- Lin, Lexin, et al.
(författare)
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Communicational challenges in disaster risk management: Risk information sharing and stakeholder collaboration through risk and vulnerability assessments in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Risk Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1460-3799 .- 1743-4637. ; 17:3, s. 165-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many countries have established disaster risk management systems. These systems involve various parties and aim to maximize resources and use their diverse expertise to manage disaster risks. In such systems, sharing risk and vulnerability assessments (RVAs) between stakeholders is the most common way to communicate risk-related information. This study investigates communication challenges linked to the preparation and use of RVAs in Sweden. The practices of five national authorities, five country administrative boards and 16 municipalities were studied in 36 semi-structured interviews. Questions concerned the sharing of risk-related information and stakeholder collaboration. An analysis of the perceived communication challenges showed that the major problems were the lack of a constructive vertical feedback mechanism (which resulted in one-way communication), and limited stakeholder partnerships and collaboration in the horizontal dimension.
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- Lin, Lexin, et al.
(författare)
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On the perceived usefulness of risk descriptions for decision-making in disaster risk management
- 2015
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Ingår i: Reliability Engineering & System Safety. - : Elsevier BV. - 0951-8320. ; 142, s. 48-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Managing risk using an “all-hazards” and “whole of society”-approach involves extensive communication of risk descriptions among many stakeholders. In the present study we investigate how professionals working with disaster risk management in such contexts perceive the usefulness of different descriptions of risk. Empirical data from the Swedish disaster risk management system were used in an attempt to investigate the aspects of a risk description that affect its usefulness (as perceived by professionals). Thirty-three local municipal risk and vulnerability assessments (RVA documents) produced in the region of Scania in 2012 were analyzed in terms of six variables. The documents were then ranked by professionals based on their perceived usefulness for decision-making. Statistical analysis was conducted to identify any possible correlations between the overall ranking of the usefulness of the municipal RVA:s and each of the variables. We conclude that the way the likelihood and consequences of scenarios are described influence the perceived usefulness of a risk description. Furthermore, whether descriptions of scenarios are included in a risk description or not, and whether background information concerning the likelihood of scenarios are included also influence perceived usefulness of risk descriptions.
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- Månsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Aggregated risk : an experimental study on combining different ways of presenting risk information
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Risk Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-9877 .- 1466-4461. ; 22:4, s. 497-512
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contemporary disaster risk management requires the exchange and integration of risk information across societal sectors and administrative borders. However, differences in how risk is described can be an obstacle to making sense of the material. This paper focuses on the challenge of aggregating risk assessments from multiple stakeholders and aims to establish the characteristics of risk descriptions that are most conducive for attaining a comprehensive understanding of risk. In an empirical study, risk management students from two different scholarly traditions (engineering and social sciences) rated how useful different combinations of risk descriptions from two fictive municipalities were for (i) comparing their levels of risk and (ii) making decisions on risk-reducing measures in the area covered by both municipalities. Adopting a within-subjects design, the participants were faced with six different combinations of risk descriptions, which varied with respect to how specific assessments of consequences and likelihood were expressed, and whether a supporting narrative was provided. The study also explored the effects of combining risk descriptions of the same type (e.g. where both expressed consequences and probabilities with qualitative ordinal scales) with two of dissimilar types (e.g. one qualitative ordinal and one quantitative). Overall, the results indicate that disaster risk management systems would benefit from greater consistency in the way interdependent stakeholders describe risks, and from greater use of quantitative assessments. Furthermore, a supporting narrative can provide useful contextual information that may facilitate the comparison of incongruent risk descriptions. Challenges related to these findings are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Månsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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On common terms with shared risks - Studying the communication of risk between local, regional and national authorities in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-4209. ; 13:September 2015, s. 441-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uncommon categorization, i.e. disparities in how similar terms and information is interpreted, coded and categorized, has been shown to impede inter-agency communication and collective sense-making. This study focuses on the presence and effects of uncommon categorizations in disaster risk management systems. We use the Swedish disaster risk management system as our case, and our empirical data consist of more than 120 reports from risk and vulnerability assessments, supplemented by 45 semi-qualitative interviews with officials who are involved in the realization of such assessments. Apart from investigating the causes and effects of uncommon categorization, we also map its extent and character, and its development between the years 2010 and 2014. The study shows that uncommon categorization is prevalent in the Swedish disaster risk management system. We argue that this has an extremely detrimental effect on the ability to integrate risk information, resulting in less useful bases for decisions and, thus, in a less efficient disaster risk management system. Nevertheless, we can also see signs of a reduction in uncommon categorization in recent years.
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- Tehler, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Standardization of disaster risk management - Challenges and opportunities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Standardization and Risk Governance : A Multi-Disciplinary Approach - A Multi-Disciplinary Approach. - London : Routledge. - 9780429290817 ; , s. 61-78
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter discusses the question of whether increasing the level of standardization in a disaster risk management system will increase its effectiveness. Based on the results from several studies conducted in the context of the Swedish disaster risk management system, the authors argue that there are both positive and negative effects of increased standardization. More precisely, studies based on experiments indicate that increasing the extent of standardization of risk descriptions will probably facilitate the work of combining several sources of information in a risk assessment. But a study based on interviews and document reviews indicates that increasing the level of standardization might also lead to a reduction of motivation to conduct risk assessments. Thus, although increasing the level of standardization in a disaster risk management context might be an opportunity to facilitate the work of assessing risk, it might also result in new challenges.
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