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- Ducoing, Cristian, et al.
(författare)
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How to handle natural capital within the context of the green economy?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Handbook of Green Economics. - 9780128166444 - 9780128166352 ; , s. 19-30
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Natural capital is one of the most controversial measures in current models of economic development. Sustainability challenges of our time are related with measuring Nature as economic value. How to measure the inputs that do not have a clear market price? How to measure ecosystems and noncultivable land? How to introduce these elements in our National Accounts? In this chapter, the main elements of the theory behind natural capital are reviewed, and the available measures are presented and criticized. The chapter concludes with some suggestions to adequate wealth measures with the inclusion of natural capital as economic input.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Lindmark, Magnus, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Riders on the storm
- 2019
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Ingår i: Handbook of green economics. - : Elsevier. - 9780128166352 ; , s. 135-151
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter explores plausible environmental effects on American well-being from a historical perceptive, using quantitative data and a methodological approach that draws from green economics. This adds an environmental dimension of welfare to Robert Gordon’s interpretation of the development of well-being. First, it may be hypothesized that the levels of environmental damage rose especially during the prosperous decades following the World War II, including the spread of motor vehicles, diffusion of air traffic, and increased energy consumption. If so, the traditional way of measuring economic progress, i.e., gross domestic product, would exaggerate the true development of well-being. On the contrary, second, the true progress of the post-1970 period may have been underestimated if environmental damage actually decreased as a consequence of an environmental awakening among producers, consumers, and agents, creating modern environmental policy. However, as the cost of carbon is time dependent, we can foresee that the environmental costs will continue to increase.
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| 4. |
- Singh, Gerald G., et al.
(författare)
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Climate impacts on the ocean are making the Sustainable Development Goals a moving target travelling away from us
- 2019
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Ingår i: People and Nature. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2575-8314. ; 1:3, s. 317-330
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change is impacting marine ecosystems and their goods and services in diverse ways, which can directly hinder our ability to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), set out under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.Through expert elicitation and a literature review, we find that most climate change effects have a wide variety of negative consequences across marine ecosystem services, though most studies have highlighted impacts from warming and consequences of marine species.Climate change is expected to negatively influence marine ecosystem services through global stressors—such as ocean warming and acidification—but also by amplifying local and regional stressors such as freshwater runoff and pollution load.Experts indicated that all SDGs would be overwhelmingly negatively affected by these climate impacts on marine ecosystem services, with eliminating hunger being among the most directly negatively affected SDG.Despite these challenges, the SDGs aiming to transform our consumption and production practices and develop clean energy systems are found to be least affected by marine climate impacts. These findings represent a strategic point of entry for countries to achieve sustainable development, given that these two goals are relatively robust to climate impacts and that they are important pre-requisite for other SDGs.Our results suggest that climate change impacts on marine ecosystems are set to make the SDGs a moving target travelling away from us. Effective and urgent action towards sustainable development, including mitigating and adapting to climate impacts on marine systems are important to achieve the SDGs, but the longer this action stalls the more distant these goals will become.
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