| 1. |
- Riddez, L
(författare)
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Quality of Care in Humanitarian Surgery
- 2011
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Ingår i: WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 35:6, s. 1173-1174
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Klintman, Mikael
(författare)
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Apollonian and Dionysian Trust in Vaccination
- 2024
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Ingår i: Vaccine Hesitancy in the Nordic Countries : Trust and Distrust during the COVID-19 Pandemic - Trust and Distrust during the COVID-19 Pandemic. - 9781040011614 - 9781032305998 ; , s. 21-34
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vaccine hesitancy is a significant concern worldwide. While some attribute it to a lack of knowledge, experiments have revealed that merely providing additional scientific information has little effect on vaccination hesitancy. This chapter aims to better understand negative and positive vaccination sentiments and actions by examining scientific findings’ non-random and non-linear influence on people’s vaccination sentiments and actions. The chapter argues for a new understanding of vaccination-related distrust and trust that combines sociology with evolutionary theory. It suggests that vaccination-related distrust and trust are primarily adaptations to social environments rather than irrationality or lack of knowledge. The chapter introduces the concepts of Apollonian trust, focusing on the issue-specific problem-solving potential of vaccination, and Dionysian trust, emphasising group identity and social cohesion. The author argues that organisations promoting vaccination have focused primarily on enhancing Apollonian trust. This may have hindered a reduction in vaccination hesitancy among groups whose hesitancy is rooted in cultural and ideological identity. The chapter provides examples mainly from Denmark and Sweden, illustrating the argument that can be associated with Apollonian and Dionysian trust. It concludes that better integration of the two types of trust in communication is necessary to address the challenges of vaccination hesitancy.
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| 3. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368 .- 1550-7998. ; 91:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Benterud, T, et al.
(författare)
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N-Acetylcysteine Amide Exerts Possible Neuroprotective Effects in Newborn Pigs after Perinatal Asphyxia
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neonatology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1661-7819 .- 1661-7800. ; 111:1, s. 12-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> Perinatal asphyxia and ensuing reoxygenation change the antioxidant capacity of cells and organs. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To analyze the neuroprotective effect of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA) after perinatal hypoxia-reoxygenation with an emphasis on proinflammatory cytokines and the transcription factor NF-κB in the prefrontal cortex of neonatal pigs. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twenty-nine newborn pigs, aged 12-36 h, were subjected to global hypoxia and hypercapnia. One sham-operated group (n = 5) and 2 experimental groups (n = 12) were exposed to 8% oxygen, until the base excess was -20 mmol/l or the mean arterial blood pressure fell to <20 mm Hg (asphyxia with NACA or saline). The pigs were observed for 9.5 h after hypoxia. Samples of prefrontal cortex and plasma were analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Cortex: there was no significant difference in mRNA expression between the intervention groups regarding IL-1β, IL6, TNFα, MMP2, MMP9 or IL18. Pigs exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation and treatment with NACA (NACA-pigs) had a significantly lower protein concentration of IL-1β than pigs treated with saline (placebo controls), i.e. 8.8 ± 3.9 versus 16.8 ± 10.5 pg/mg protein (p = 0.02). The activation of the transcription factor NF-κB (measured as the fold-change of phosphorylated p65<sup>Ser 536</sup>), was reduced in the NACA-pigs when compared to the placebo controls (5.2 ± 4.3 vs. 16.0 ± 13.5; p = 0.02). No difference between the intervention groups regarding brain histopathology or in the levels of 8-oxoguanine measured in the prefrontal cortex were observed. Plasma: the NACA-pigs had a stronger reduction of TNFα in the first 30 min following asphyxia compared with the placebo controls, i.e. 36 (30-44) versus 24 (14-32)% (p = 0.01). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The reduced levels of the pivotal inflammatory markers IL-1β and TNFα and the transcription factor NF-κB may indicate that NACA has possible neuroprotective effects after perinatal asphyxia.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Sass-Tisovskaya, Margarita, 1979
(författare)
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Plasma Arc Welding Simulation with OpenFOAM
- 2009
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A simulation tool that is valid within the field of tandem arc welding(unsteady, three dimensional thermal plasma flow) has been developed,based on the open source CFD package OpenFOAM. The validation of the electromagnetic part of the solver has been done separately using a problem with a known solution. A good agreement between the numerical and analytical solutions was obtained. Different boundary conditions on the magnetic potential vector have been tested. Based on these tests, the appropriate boundary conditions were chosen for the case representing a transferred arc configuration. The complete simulation tool was validated using a tungsten inert gas single arc problem. Two representations of the magnetic field have been tested, based on the electric and magnetic potentials, respectively. Qualitatively, both approaches agreed well with the results found in the literature. However, quantitatively a deviation in the results was observed in the near cathode region.
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| 8. |
- Aden, A S, et al.
(författare)
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The growth chart - a road to health chart? : Maternal comprehension of the growth chart in two Somali villages
- 1990
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Ingår i: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0269-5022 .- 1365-3016. ; 4:3, s. 340-350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growth monitoring is so far not implemented on a large scale in the Somali health services. Available reports indicate that growth faltering is common. However, the use of growth charts as a tool for health education has been questioned. This study examines the ability of 199, predominantly illiterate, rural Somali mothers to understand the growth chart message after an intensive period of growth chart use and education. During a home-based interview the mothers were asked to combine a set of four growth curves with a set of four pictures, showing the corresponding developments of four children. The mothers managed significantly better to interpret the charts than could be expected by chance alone. Maternal age, number of children and literacy did not differ much between those who correctly and incorrectly combined pictures and charts. Almost all mothers recognised the value of the growth chart as being good for the control and promotion of their children's health and/or growth. We conclude that the growth chart may be an applicable and appropriate tool even with illiterate mothers, provided that other prerequisites for successful growth monitoring, e.g. appropriate health services, are available.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Fallqvist, Mikael, 1982-
(författare)
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CVD of bonding and template layers for the nucleation of well adhering CVD a-Al2O3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The microstructure, phase and chemical composition of a bonding-template layered structure used in order to nucleate α-Al2O3 on TiN/Ti(C,N) coated cemented carbide have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy. Further, the adhesive strength of the coating multilayer interfaces was investigated using scratch adhesion testing. The results show that the bonding-template layered structure, deposited on an inner TiN/Ti(C,N)/TiN structure, consists of a Ti(C,N,O) phase (bonding layer) and a Ti4O7 phase (template). The Al2O3 layer nucleated on the Ti4O7 template consists of 100% α-Al2O3. During the deposition of Al2O3 the Ti4O7 template transforms to a Ti(C,N,O) phase. Scratch adhesion testing shows that the interfacial strength within the bonding-template-α-Al2O3 multilayer structure is high and exceeds the interfacial strength displayed by the cemented carbide-TiN layer interface. AES depth profiling of the multilayer coating structure illustrates that diffusion of C, N, and O takes place during the deposition of the Ti(C,N,O) , Ti4O7 and Al2O3 layer.
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