| 1. |
- Aidukaite, Jolanta, et al.
(författare)
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Ageing and the welfare state: Welfare policies and attitudes in the Baltic and Nordic countries
- 2021
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Ingår i: Challenges to the Welfare State. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781839106118 - 9781839106101 ; , s. 138-160
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter aims to document the current trends in the Baltic and Nordic welfare policies on ageing from a comparative perspective and to reveal senior citizens’ subjective perceptions of their socioeconomic situation and their attitudes towards the role of government in ensuring safety. The analyses show essential existential gaps among younger and older generations in the three Baltic states, if poverty, age discrimination and income security are taken into account. The situation, as expected, is more positive in the Nordic countries. However, Finland exhibits similarities with Estonia and Lithuania in terms of overall satisfaction of elderly people with their household income, attitudes towards means-tests and preference for stronger support from the government. This is explained by the lower availability of long-term services in Finland, and especially in the three Baltic states, and an emphasis on familial care.
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| 2. |
- Laidra, Kaia, et al.
(författare)
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Estonian National Mental Health Study : Design and methods for a registry‐linked longitudinal survey
- 2023
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Ingår i: Brain and Behavior. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2162-3279 .- 2162-3279. ; 13:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesThe Estonian National Mental Health Study (EMHS) was conducted in 2021–2022 to provide population-wide data on mental health in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. The main objective of this paper is to describe the rationale, design, and methods of the EMHS and to evaluate the survey response.MethodsRegionally representative stratified random sample of 20,000 persons aged 15 years and older was drawn from the Estonian Population Register for the study. Persons aged 18 years and older at the time of the sampling were enrolled into three survey waves where they were invited to complete an online or postal questionnaire about mental well-being and disorders, and behavioral, cognitive, and other risk factors. Persons younger than 18 years of age were invited to fill an anonymous online questionnaire starting from wave 2. To complement and validate survey data, data on socio-demographic, health-related, and environmental variables were collected from six national administrative databases and registries. Additionally, a subsample was enrolled into a validation study using ecological momentary assessment.ResultsIn total, 5636 adults participated in the survey wave 1, 3751 in wave 2, and 4744 in wave 3. Adjusted response rates were 30.6%, 21.1%, and 27.6%, respectively. Women and older age groups were more likely to respond. Throughout the three survey waves, a considerable share of adult respondents screened positive for depression (27.6%, 25.1%, and 25.6% in waves 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Women and young adults aged 18 to 29 years had the highest prevalence of depression symptoms.ConclusionsThe registry-linked longitudinal EMHS dataset comprises a rich and trustworthy data source to allow in-depth analysis of mental health outcomes and their correlates among the Estonian population. The study serves as an evidence base for planning mental health policies and prevention measures for possible future crises.
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| 3. |
- Orru, Kati, et al.
(författare)
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Well-being and environmental quality : Does pollution affect life satisfaction?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 25:3, s. 699-705
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: We aimed to explore the effect of ambient air pollution on individual persons' levels of subjective well-being. Our research question was: to what extent is an individual's life satisfaction shaped by exposure to PM10?METHODS: We used regression models to analyse data on subjective well-being indicators from the last two waves of the European social survey (ESS) and detailed information on local levels of the air pollutant PM10.RESULTS: An increase in PM10 annual concentrations by 1 μg/m(3) was associated with a significant reduction in life satisfaction of .017 points on the ESS 10-point life satisfaction scale.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that even in cases of relatively low levels of PM10 air pollution (mean annual concentration of 8.3 ± 3.9 μg/m(3)), in addition to the effects on physical health, exposure negatively affects subjective assessments of well-being.
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| 4. |
- Priebe, Gisela, et al.
(författare)
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Vulnerable adolescent participants' experience in surveys on sexuality and sexual abuse : Ethical aspects
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect. - : Elsevier. - 0145-2134 .- 1873-7757. ; 34:6, s. 438-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this research was to study the discomfort experienced by adolescents when answering questions in a survey about sexuality and sexual abuse and to investigate factors that may determine possible experience of discomfort. The research focused particularly on vulnerable adolescents sexually abused and sexually inexperienced. Method: Adolescents in their final year of high school in Estonia (n = 1,334) and Sweden (n = 3,401) who had completed a survey about experiences of sexuality and sexual abuse answered additional questions about experiences of discomfort related to the survey questions. Results: A majority of the participants did not feel discomfort when completing the survey. This was also the case for the two vulnerable groups. Experience of penetrating sexual abuse, sexual inexperience, mental health problems, rape myth acceptance, gender, immigrant background, and country were included in a structural equation model. Experience of penetrating sexual abuse was not significantly related to discomfort in the final model, while sexual inexperience was associated with increased discomfort (standardized coefficient .20) and rape myth acceptance was the strongest indicator of discomfort (.27). The total amount of explained variance was 17%. Conclusions: Our data do not support the view that adolescents in general or vulnerable subgroups such as sexually abused or sexually inexperienced adolescents experience discomfort when answering a survey about sexuality and sexual abuse. As discomfort ratings were not highly related to any of the predictors further research is needed that includes other factors. It is important to follow existing ethical guidelines since there may always be some individuals who feel discomfort. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Svedin, Carl Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Part III: National Reports - Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Baltic Sea Regional Study on Adolescents' Sexuality. - 0808-5013. ; 18, s. 159-177
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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