| 1. |
- Albinsson, David, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Copper catalysis at operando conditions - bridging the gap between single nanoparticle probing and catalyst-bed-averaging
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In catalysis, nanoparticles enable chemical transformations and their structural and chemical fingerprints control activity. To develop understanding of such fingerprints, methods studying catalysts at realistic conditions have proven instrumental. Normally, these methods either probe the catalyst bed with low spatial resolution, thereby averaging out single particle characteristics, or probe an extremely small fraction only, thereby effectively ignoring most of the catalyst. Here, we bridge the gap between these two extremes by introducing highly multiplexed single particle plasmonic nanoimaging of model catalyst beds comprising 1000 nanoparticles, which are integrated in a nanoreactor platform that enables online mass spectroscopy activity measurements. Using the example of CO oxidation over Cu, we reveal how highly local spatial variations in catalyst state dynamics are responsible for contradicting information about catalyst active phase found in the literature, and identify that both surface and bulk oxidation state of a Cu nanoparticle catalyst dynamically mediate its activity.
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| 2. |
- Albinsson, David, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Operando detection of single nanoparticle activity dynamics inside a model pore catalyst material
- 2020
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Ingår i: Science advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 6:25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanoconfinement in porous catalysts may induce reactant concentration gradients inside the pores due to local conversion. This leads to inefficient active material use since parts of the catalyst may be trapped in an inactive state. Experimentally, these effects remain unstudied due to material complexity and required high spatial resolution. Here, we have nanofabricated quasi-two-dimensional mimics of porous catalysts, which combine the traits of nanofluidics with single particle plasmonics and online mass spectrometry readout. Enabled by single particle resolution at operando conditions during CO oxidation over a Cu model catalyst, we directly visualize reactant concentration gradient formation due to conversion on single Cu nanoparticles inside the “model pore” and how it dynamically controls oxidation state-and, thus, activity-of particles downstream. Our results provide a general framework for single particle catalysis in the gas phase and highlight the importance of single particle approaches for the understanding of complex catalyst materials.
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| 3. |
- Albinsson, David, 1990
(författare)
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Operando Single Particle Catalysis - Combining a Nanoreactor and Plasmonic Nanospectroscopy
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Heterogeneous catalysis is an important cornerstone of modern society with strong ties to the development of sustainable sources of energy and products. Catalysts are typically realized as supported metal nanoparticles that offer active sites that can accelerate chemical reactions by providing energetically more favorable reaction paths. Despite their broad use, the scrutiny of catalysts under realistic application conditions, such as high pressure and temperature, is a major experimental challenge. This difficulty is further amplified by the complexity present in real catalysts, often consisting of large ensembles of nanoparticles that all are unique. Furthermore, reactors used in catalysis studies often give rise to ill-defined reaction conditions in terms of catalyst distribution, reactant concentration and temperature. To mitigate these challenges, techniques are being developed to enable studies of catalytic nanoparticles under relevant operation conditions, so-called operando techniques. In this context, down-sized chemical reactors can be utilized to achieve precise control of both the catalyst, and the operating conditions. In this thesis, I have performed in situ studies of chemical reactions in/on nanoparticles by utilizing plasmonic nanospectroscopy based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon. The resonance condition for LSPR depends on both nanoparticle properties (size, shape, material) and the surrounding medium, which makes it possible to determine the physical and chemical state of individual nanoparticles optically. The LSPR response was used to study the oxidation of Cu nanoparticles, revealing the complex nature of nanoparticle oxidation kinetics, as well as particle specific oxidation mechanisms. Furthermore, a nanoreactor platform was developed and used in combination with plasmonic nanospectroscopy to perform operando characterization of individual Cu and Pt catalyst nanoparticles during CO oxidation. The obtained results illustrate how the oxidation of Cu results in catalyst deactivation and how reactant gradients formed inside the catalyst bed strongly affects the state of the catalyst, and thus its activity. Moreover, the nanoreactor enabled operando characterization of catalyst beds comprising 1000 well defined nanoparticles that could be individually addressed.
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| 4. |
- Nugroho, Ferry, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Plasmonic Metasurface for Spatially Resolved Optical Sensing in Three Dimensions
- 2020
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-086X .- 1936-0851. ; 14:2, s. 2345-2353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The highly localized sensitivity of metallic nanoparticles sustaining localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) enables detection of minute events occurring close to the particle surface and forms the basis for nanoplasmonic sensing. To date, nanoplasmonic sensors typically consist of two-dimensional (2D) nanoparticle arrays and can therefore only probe processes that occur within the array plane, leaving unaddressed the potential of sensing in three dimensions (3D). Here, we present a plasmonic metasurface comprising arrays of stacked Ag nanodisks separated by a thick SiO2 dielectric layer, which, through rational design, exhibit two distinct and spectrally separated LSPR sensing peaks and corresponding spatially separated sensing locations in the axial direction. This arrangement thus enables real-time plasmonic sensing in 3D. As a proof-of-principle, we successfully determine in a single experiment the layer-specific glass transition temperatures of a bilayer polymer thin film of poly(methyl methacrylate), PM/VIA, and poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(methacrylic acid), P(MMA-MAA). Our work thus demonstrates a strategy for nanoplasmonic sensor design and utilization to simultaneously probe local chemical or physical processes at spatially different locations. In a wider perspective, it stimulates further development of sensors that employ multiple detection elements to generate distinct and spectrally individually addressable LSPR modes.
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