Förändring av rummets och arbetets ljus i tre bibliotek : Stockholms stadsbibliotek 1928, Norrköpings stadsbibliotek 1971 och Helsingfors centrumbibliotek Ode 2018.

• Changes to the lighting of space and work in three libraries:Stockholm Public Library 1928, Norrköping Public Library 1971, and Helsinki Central Library Oodi 2018SummaryThe article examines how the design of daylight and electric light influences the creation and use of space by studying three specific examples: Stockholm Public Library from 1928; Norrköping Public Library from 1971; and Helsinki Central Library Oodi, which opened in 2018. The research combines an historical analysis with ethnographic field studies to examine lighting design as an integrated, active component of the narrative of the built heritage. The study of the libraries looks at the development of spatial lighting design and work lighting. The key role of reading light in library programmes provides insight into how contemporaneous rules and regulations for lighting were applied in the three examples. The study demonstrates how lighting theory, orientated towards quantitative assessment criteria for work lighting, increasingly prioritised an ideal of vision at the expense of spatial illumination. Yet the study also shows how technological advances have created new spatial possibilities, changing the conditions for previously established lighting practices. Based on the lighting design of the three libraries, the article poses the following questions:How have lighting technology and building design influenced each other, and what are the spatial results?How has lighting theory influenced the design of spatial illumination and work lighting?The three libraries represent three eras of light sources: the incandescent light bulb, fluorescent tube and light-emitting diode (LED), exemplifying how advances in lighting technology have provided increasingly intense, uniform and controllable illumination. Each library exhibits a different approach to the contrast management and flow of light. In the first example, which dates from an era when daylight was still central to the illumination needs of buildings, the lighting design derives from the contrast between light and dark, relating to how visitors moved through the building. In the second example, the lighting design stems from a uniform, more static form of illumination, catering for the needs of central vision. This design emerged at a time when electric light was already predominant. In this form of lighting design, contrast and flow recur, yet in a clearly different way to the two buildings of the previous century.

Ämnesord

HUMANIORA  -- Historia och arkeologi -- Teknikhistoria (hsv//swe)

HUMANITIES  -- History and Archaeology -- History of Technology (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Daylight

electric light

building history

lighting design

ethnographic field studies

lighting technology

dagsljus

elektriskt ljus

ljusbehandling

belysningsteknik

Stockholms stadsbibliotek

Norrköpings stadsbibliotek

Helsingfors centrumbibliotek Ode

Architecture

Arkitektur

Art, Technology and Design

Konst, teknik och design

Arkitektonisk gestaltning

Architectural Design

Arkitektonisk gestaltning

Architectural Design

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)