| 1. |
- Allard, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Skador på mark och vegetation i de svenska fjällen till följd av barmarkskörning.
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is known that driving of all-terrain vehicles during summer in can cause damage to both vegetation and the underlying ground. However, in the mountainous parts of Sweden it is poorly known if these problems are of general nature or occurring in patches. The aim with this study was to make a general investigation into occurrences of vehicle-tracks in the Swedish mountainous areas and adjoining sparse forests, using field investigations, interpretation of color infrared aerial photos and a questionnaire survey. A field survey was carried out at 28 permanent plots of 1 x 1 km by personnel of the NILS (National Inventory of Landscapes in Sweden) program during the summer of 2003 and in 8 of the plots (28 %), vehicle tracks were found. Two of the 8 plots have been interpreted in color infrared aerial photos as a larger area of 5 x 5 km and a multitude of linear elements were found. From field control of the interpretations we can conclude that many of the linear elements visible from the air, are very hard to see at ground level. The questionnaire survey shows that vehicle tracks occur scattered over the mountainous area and also that 4-wheeled motorcycles are the dominant type of vehicle. The answers also show that tracks stay long on the ground and can be seen long after vegetation covers the initial damage.
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| 2. |
- Allard, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Caudate nucleus dopamine D(2) receptors in depressed suicide victims.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Neuropsychobiology. - 0302-282X .- 1423-0224. ; 44:2, s. 70-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several lines of evidence indicate the involvement of the dopamine system in depressive states. In this post-mortem study, the binding of [(3)H]raclopride to dopamine D(2) receptors in the caudate nucleus was investigated in 13 depressed suicide victims and 19 controls. There were no differences in B(max) or K(d) between the two groups. A subgroup consisting of individuals with major depression, however, had significantly higher K(d) values than controls. Previous findings regarding changes in dopamine metabolism in depression and antidepressant effects of dopamine agonists seem, according to the present study, not to be reflected by alterations in density or affinity of dopamine D(2) receptors in depressed suicide victims.
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| 3. |
- Allard, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Caudate nucleus dopamine D-2 receptors in vascular dementia
- 2002
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 14:1, s. 22-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Caudate nucleus dopamine (DA) D-2 receptors were studied in patients with vascular dementia (VaD) and in a control group using [H-3]raclopride as a radioligand. There was no significant difference in the number of DA D-2 receptors in the VaD group as compared with controls. The binding affinity was significantly lower in the VaD group. When the VaD group was subdivided into subjects with or without neuroleptic treatment, there were no differences in the numbers of receptors as compared with controls, and the significant differences in binding affinity remained for both VaD subgroups. The present results are. discussed with reference to the previous finding of a reduced density of caudate nucleus DA uptake sites in the same VaD group and to results from studies on DA D-2 receptors in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Copyright (C) 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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| 4. |
- Allard, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine in geriatric outpatients with major depression : a double-blind, randomised 6-month comparative trial with citalopram.
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 19:12, s. 1123-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The objectives of the study were to compare efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine ER 75-150 mg/day with that of citalopram 10-20 mg/day in elderly patients with major depression according to DSM-IV criteria. METHODS: A randomised, double-blind, parallel group 6-month study. Efficacy was assessed by MADRS, CGI Global Improvement, CGI Severity of Illness and GDS-20 scores and safety by physical examinations, vital signs, adverse events and UKU side effect rating. Plasma levels of venlafaxine, its major metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine and citalopram were followed. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-one male and female patients (64-89 years) were enrolled and 118 patients completed the study. Comparable improvements in MADRS, CGI Severity of Illness, CGI Global Improvement and GDS-20 were observed during venlafaxine and citalopram treatment. The MADRS remission rate was 19% for venlafaxine and 23% for citalopram. Side effects were common during both treatments but differed in tremor being more common during citalopram and nausea/vomiting during venlafaxine treatment. There were no clinically significant changes in blood pressure or body weight. CONCLUSION: The observed benefits of venlafaxine treatment in elderly patients with major depression were similar to those observed in younger adults as were reported adverse events and side effects. Treatment with venlafaxine ER was well tolerated and induced beneficial effects of similar magnitude as those of citalopram.
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| 5. |
- Allard, Per, et al.
(författare)
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[Inventory of geriatric psychiatry in Sweden. In short supply where demand does not determine resource allocation].
- 2000
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 97:24, s. 2976-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1999 The Swedish Society for Old Age Psychiatry conducted an investigation in all Swedish counties in order to survey existing organizations and resources for medical services intended for elderly people with psychiatric complaints. In some counties there were no out-patient units specifically aimed at elderly people with psychiatric diseases, while more than half had no out-patient units for the large group of elderly with psychiatric ailments other than dementia. The total number of beds was far less than international recommendations. Less than 5 per cent of the total number of Swedish psychiatrists and geriatricians hold positions exclusively for geriatric psychiatry. Access to geriatric psychiatry resources appears to be unevenly distributed, and may be found mainly in or near university cities.
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| 6. |
- Bixo, M, et al.
(författare)
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Binding of [3H]paroxetine to serotonin uptake sites and of [3H]lysergic acid diethylamide to 5-HT2A receptors in platelets from women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder during gonadotropin releasing hormone treatment.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 26:6, s. 551-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in serotonergic parameters have been reported in psychiatric conditions such as depression but also in the premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). In addition, hormonal effects on serotonergic activity have been established. In the present study, binding of [3H]paroxetine to platelet serotonin uptake sites and binding of [3H]lysergic acid diethylamide ([3H]LSD) to platelet serotonin (5-HT)2A receptors were studied in patients with PMDD treated with a low dose of a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist (buserelin) or placebo and compared to controls. The PMDD patients were relieved of premenstrual symptoms like depression and irritability during buserelin treatment. The number of [3H]paroxetine binding sites (Bmax) were significantly higher in the follicular phase in untreated PMDD patients compared to controls. When treated with buserelin the difference disappeared. No differences in [3H]LSD binding between the three groups were shown. The present study demonstrated altered platelet [3H]paroxetine binding characteristics in women with PMDD compared to controls. Furthermore, [3H]paroxetine binding was affected by PMDD treatment with a low dose of buserelin. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that changes in serotonergic transmission could be a trait in the premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
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| 7. |
- Sundman-Eriksson, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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[(3)H]Tiagabine binding to GABA transporter-1 (GAT-1) in suicidal depression.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 71:1-3, s. 29-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In depressive disorders, alterations of GABA concentrations and number of postsynaptic GABA related receptor binding sites, as well as antidepressant effects exerted by GABA agonists, suggest a pathogenetic involvement of the GABA system. METHOD: The binding of the presynaptic GABA ligand [(3)H]tiagabine to GABA transporter-1 (GAT-1) was studied in post mortem human frontal cortex and cingulate gyrus from 13 suicide victims and 19 controls without known neurological or psychiatric disorder. RESULTS: No differences were found between the suicide victims and the controls with regard to the number of [(3)H]tiagabine binding sites (B(max)) or apparent affinity (K(d)). LIMITATIONS: The study was limited to two brain regions. CONCLUSION: Findings in other studies of alterations in the GABA system in depression seem according to the present results not to be associated with significant changes in the GABA uptake binding sites in the regions investigated.
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| 8. |
- Wahlberg, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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An affibody in complex with a target protein: Structure and coupled folding.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 100:6, s. 3185-3190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combinatorial protein engineering provides powerful means for functional selection of novel binding proteins. One class of engineered binding proteins, denoted affibodies, is based on the three-helix scaffold of the Z domain derived from staphylococcal protein A. The Z(SPA-1) affibody has been selected from a phage-displayed library as a binder to protein A. Z(SPA-1) also binds with micromolar affinity to its own ancestor, the Z domain. We have characterized the Z(SPA-1) affibody in its uncomplexed state and determined the solution structure of a Z:Z(SPA-1) protein-protein complex. Uncomplexed Z(SPA-1) behaves as an aggregation-prone molten globule, but folding occurs on binding, and the original (Z) three-helix bundle scaffold is fully formed in the complex. The structural basis for selection and strong binding is a large interaction interface with tight steric and polar/nonpolar complementarity that directly involves 10 of 13 mutated amino acid residues on Z(SPA-1). We also note similarities in how the surface of the Z domain responds by induced fit to binding of Z(SPA-1) and Ig Fc, respectively, suggesting that the Z(SPA-1) affibody is capable of mimicking the morphology of the natural binding partner for the Z domain.
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