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- Alonso, Fabiola, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Three Deep Brain Stimulation Lead Designs under Voltage and Current Modes
- 2015
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Ingår i: WORLD CONGRESS ON MEDICAL PHYSICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, 2015, VOLS 1 AND 2. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319193861 - 9783319193878 ; , s. 1196-1199
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the introduction of deep brain stimulation (DBS) the technique has been dominated by Medtronic sys-tems. In recent years, new DBS systems have become available for patients, and some are in clinical trials. The present study aims to evaluate three DBS leads operated in either voltage or current mode. 3D finite element method (FEM) models were built in combination with a neuron model for this purpose. The axon diameter was set to D = 5 μm and simulations performed in both voltage (0.5-5 V) and current (0.5-5 mA) mode. The evaluation was achieved based on the distance from the lead for neural activation and the electric field (EF) extension at 0.1 V/mm. The results showed that the neural activation distance agrees well between the leads with an activation distance dif-ference less than 0.5 mm. The shape of the field at the 0.1 V/mm isopotential surface in 3D is mostly spherical in shape around the activated section of the steering lead.
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| 2. |
- Alonso, Fabiola, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence on Deep Brain Stimulation from Lead Design, Operating Mode and Tissue Impedance Changes – A Simulation Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Brain Disorders and Therapy. - Los Angeles, CA, USA : Omics Publishing Group. - 2168-975X. ; 4:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) systems in current mode and new lead designs are recently available. To switch between DBS-systems remains complicated as clinicians may lose their reference for programming. Simulations can help increase the understanding.Objective: To quantitatively investigate the electric field (EF) around two lead designs simulated to operate in voltage and current mode under two time points following implantation.Methods: The finite element method was used to model Lead 3389 (Medtronic) and 6148 (St Jude) with homogenous surrounding grey matter and a peri-electrode space (PES) of 250 μm. The PES-impedance mimicked the acute (extracellular fluid) and chronic (fibrous tissue) time-point. Simulations at different amplitudes of voltage and current (n=236) were performed using two different contacts. Equivalent current amplitudes were extracted by matching the shape and maximum EF of the 0.2 V/mm isolevel.Results: The maximum EF extension at 0.2 V/mm varied between 2-5 mm with a small difference between the leads. In voltage mode EF increased about 1 mm at acute compared to the chronic PES. Current mode presented the opposite relationship. Equivalent EFs for lead 3389 at 3 V were found for 7 mA (acute) and 2.2 mA (chronic).Conclusions: Simulations showed a major impact on the electric field extension between postoperative time points. This may explain the clinical decisions to reprogram the amplitude weeks after implantation. Neither the EF extension nor intensity is considerably influenced by the lead design.
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| 3. |
- Alonso, Fabiola, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Neural Activation Compared to Electric Field Extension of Three DBS Lead Designs
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- SINCE the introduction of deep brain stimulation (DBS) about 20 years ago, the stimulation technique has been dominated by Medtronic DBS-system setup. In recent years, new DBS systems have become available, of which some are in clinical trials or available to patients [1]. In the present study three different lead designs are investigated via computer simulation:Medtronic 3389, St. Jude 6148 and Sapiens SureStim. The aim was to compare the neural activation distance and the electric field (EF) maximum spatial extension for each lead.A 3D finite element method model was built using COMSOL Multiphysics 4.4a (COMSOL AB, Stockholm, Sweden) to simulate the electric potential around the DBS lead. Brain tissue was modelled as a homogeneous volume of grey matter (electric conductivity of 0.09 S/m). The electrode-tissue interface was modelled with a 250μm thick peri-electrode space mimicking the fibrous tissue which covers the lead at the chronic stimulation stage (σ = 0.06S/m, equivalent to white matter electric conductivity). The stimulation amplitude was set to 1V in monopolar configuration using C1 electrode or equivalent in all cases. Each simulated electric potential distribution was exported to MatLab (The MathWorks, USA) and used as input to a cable neuron simulation.An axon cable model with 21 nodes based on the concept by Åström et al., [2] was set up in MatLab and combined with the exported field distributions. The model considered a 5 μm thick neuron, a pulse width of 60 μs and a drive potential ranging from 0.5 V to 5 V in 0.5 V steps.The SureStim lead results showed a shorter neural activation distance and EF extension. The distance to the isolevel of 0.2 V/mm is close to the neural activation distance at each stimulation amplitude, and we conclude that the electric field is a suitable predictor to visualize the stimulated regions.
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