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- Andersson, Alexandra, et al.
(författare)
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Protein release from galactoglucomannan hydrogels : Influence of substitutions and enzymatic hydrolysis by beta-mannanase
- 2008
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Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 9:8, s. 2104-2110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- O-Acetyl-galactoglucomannan (AcGGM) is the major soft-wood hemicellulose. Structurally modified AcGGM and hydrogels of AcGGM were prepared. The degree of substitution (DS) of AcGGM was modified enzymatically with beta-galactosidase, and chemically with an acrylate derivative, 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA). The hydrolysis of AcGGM with beta-mannanase was shown to increase with decreasing DS. AcGGM hydrogels were prepared from chemically modified AcGGM with varying DS of HEMA. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was encapsulated in hydrogels. A spontaneous burst release of BSA was decreased with increased DS of HEMA. The addition of beta-mannanase significantly enhanced the BSA release from hydrogels with a DS of 0.36, reaching a maximum of 95% released BSA after eight hours compared to 60% without enzyme. Thus, both the pendant group composition and the enzyme action are valuable tools in the tailoring of hydrogel release profiles of potential interest for intestine drug delivery.
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- Andersson Arntén, Ann-Christine, 1954
(författare)
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Partnership Relation Quality modulates the effects of Work-stress on health
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present studies included 884 participants in total, in five different studies referred to in the four articles. All five studies observed participants from different types of occupation in order to obtain a distribution and a diversified group of individuals. These occupations, that are representative, cover both private and public sectors and occupations that require longer as well as shorter educational backgrounds. Moreover, both ‘blue-collar’ and ‘white-collar’ personnel are included. The over-all conclusion is that partner relation quality and sexual life satisfaction may function as a buffer against the negative effects that work-related stress have upon health. Moreover, the results indicate that affective personality is associated with health variables such as depression, anxiety, general stress, energy, and psychological and somatic subjective stress reactions. Furthermore, the results indicate gender differences concerning affective personality, partnership relations quality, sexual life satisfaction and work-related stress that will eventually require deeper examination. Taken together, the consensus of these finding indicate the very real advantages present in partnership relation described by tenderness and understanding and sparked by a ‘nutmeg of passion’.
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- Andersson Arntén, Ann-Christine, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of work-related stress on the sexual relation quality of the couple
- 2008
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Ingår i: Sexologies. - 1158-1360. ; 17, Supplement 1:0
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is part of a research project including stress, coping-strategies, mood, partnership relation quality, and illhealth. Earlier findings tentatively suggest the health-promoting advantages of positive partnership relations in counteracting the illhealth accruing from various types of general stress and the particular stresses of work occupation. In this study two hundred and twelve participants derived from several different occupations, responded to questionnaires based upon self-report instruments including the Subjective Stress Experience Questionnaire, the Stress and Energy Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Job Stress Survey, Partnership Relations Quality Test, and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Gender differences were found in levels of sexual desire and intercourse satisfaction, together with sexual pleasure and more orgasms. The results also indicated that illhealth induced less frequency of caressing, fewer orgasms during intercourse, lower level of intercourse satisfaction and sexual pleasure). Negative affect induced lower levels of intercourse satisfaction and sexual desire. Work related stress induced a lower level of intercourse satisfaction and sexual desire. On the other hand good coping-strategies were related to higher frequency of caressing, intimate communication, intercourse frequency, sexual pleasure, and intercourse satisfaction. Positive affect induced higher level of intercourse satisfaction, sexual pleasure, sexual desire, more orgasms, and greater satisfaction with the sexual life. These results indicate that stress, illhealth, and negative affect impairs a flourishing love life and that coping-strategies and positive affect on the other hand are positive factors for obtaining such a love life.
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- Andersson-Wallgren, Gunnel, et al.
(författare)
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Growth Promoting Treatment Normalizes Speech Frequency in Turner Syndrome
- 2008
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Ingår i: Laryngoscope. - 0023-852X. ; 118:6, s. 1125-1130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:: To assess objective and subjective voice parameters among Turner syndrome (TS) women in relation to genotype, hearing, growth, and previous treatment with growth hormone (GH) and androgen given that lowering of speaking fundamental frequency (SFF) during treatment is regarded as a negative side effect. STUDY DESIGN:: Cross-sectional, controlled for karyotype and age. METHODS:: Voice function was studied objectively (SFF) and subjectively (questionnaire) in 117 women with TS. RESULTS:: SFF did not differ between treated and nontreated participants or between patients with a spontaneous versus induced puberty. SFF was dependent on karyotype but not age. Subjective voice change was reported four times more often among treated compared with nontreated TS women (odds ratio [OR] = 4.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9-20.10), whereas voice and articulation problems were reported three times more often among untreated compared with treated cases (OR = 2.9; 95% CI: 1.0-8.3). Voice symptoms were over-represented among patients having micrognathia (OR = 6.0; 95% CI: 1.6-22.3), hearing loss (OR = 8.6; 95% CI: 1.7-43.1), and monosomy (OR = 6.2; 95% CI: 0.8-36.2) but not among those with an arched palate. CONCLUSIONS:: When given to TS girls, GH (33-66 mug/kg/d) and androgen (0.05 mg/kg/d) normalized SFF and reduced voice and articulation problems in adulthood. The TS phenotype includes important voice and speech problems, which in turn are associated with hearing problems, although genotypic, monosomic, and isochromosome patients have more voice problems and also more high-pitched voices than mosaic patients. Most TS women, despite their karyotype or age, exhibit a higher frequency of pitched voice than non-TS women.
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- Wahlberg, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic analysis of an F2 intercross between two chicken lines divergently selected for body-weight
- 2009
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Ingår i: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 10, s. 248-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We have performed Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) analysis of an F(2) intercross between two chicken lines divergently selected for juvenile body-weight. In a previous study 13 identified loci with effects on body-weight, only explained a small proportion of the large variation in the F(2) population. Epistatic interaction analysis however, indicated that a network of interacting loci with large effect contributed to the difference in body-weight of the parental lines. This previous analysis was, however, based on a sparse microsatellite linkage map and the limited coverage could have affected the main conclusions. Here we present a revised QTL analysis based on a high-density linkage map that provided a more complete coverage of the chicken genome. Furthermore, we utilized genotype data from ~13,000 SNPs to search the genome for potential selective sweeps that have occurred in the selected lines. RESULTS: We constructed a linkage map comprising 434 genetic markers, covering 31 chromosomes but leaving seven microchromosomes uncovered. The analysis showed that seven regions harbor QTL that influence growth. The pair-wise interaction analysis identified 15 unique QTL pairs and notable is that nine of those involved interactions with a locus on chromosome 7, forming a network of interacting loci. The analysis of ~13,000 SNPs showed that a substantial proportion of the genetic variation present in the founder population has been lost in either of the two selected lines since ~60% of the SNPs polymorphic among lines showed fixation in one of the lines. With the current marker coverage and QTL map resolution we did not observe clear signs of selective sweeps within QTL intervals. CONCLUSION: The results from the QTL analysis using the new improved linkage map are to a large extent in concordance with our previous analysis of this pedigree. The difference in body-weight between the parental chicken lines is caused by many QTL each with a small individual effect. Although the increased chromosomal marker coverage did not lead to the identification of additional QTL, we were able to refine the localization of QTL. The importance of epistatic interaction as a mechanism contributing significantly to the remarkable selection response was further strengthened because additional pairs of interacting loci were detected with the improved map.
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