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- Oskarsson, Sofi, et al.
(författare)
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Adverse perinatal events and offspring criminal convictions in men and women : A population-based study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of criminal justice. - : Elsevier. - 0047-2352 .- 1873-6203. ; 78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We examined associations of adverse perinatal events with offspring violent and non-violent criminal convictions in men and women.Methods: All singleton births between 1973 and 1995 (n =1,146,570 men, n =1,085,217 women) were identified through Swedish population-based registers. Information about adverse perinatal events was retrieved from the Medical Birth Register. Outcomes were criminal convictions collected from the National Crime Register. We estimated absolute and relative risks of being convicted of criminal convictions using the Kaplan-Meier method and survival analyses for men and women separately. We also tested for differences in magnitudes of associations for men versus women.Results: Several adverse perinatal events were associated with an increased risk of violent and non-violent criminal convictions in both men and women. Associations between low birth weight, smallness relative to gestational age and preterm birth with non-violent criminal convictions were statistically significantly higher for men than for women. There was a dose-dependent association between adverse perinatal events with violent and non-violent criminal convictions for both men and women, indicated by the strengthened magnitude of HR estimates with exposure to an increasing number of adverse perinatal events.Conclusions: Adverse perinatal events are associated with violent and non-violent criminal convictions in men and women, with some differences in risk estimates between sexes. Findings are compatible with theoretical accounts implicating disruption of the neurodevelopment during the perinatal period.
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| 2. |
- Oskarsson, Sofi, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Low autonomic arousal as a risk factor for reoffending : A population-based study
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Low resting heart rate (HR) is a well-replicated correlate of antisocial behavior. Previous findings have suggested that low resting HR is associated with criminal offending, psychopathy, conduct problems and aggression. More recent work has also indicated that low systolic blood pressure is associated with an increased risk of criminal offending. However, little is known about the predictive value of low autonomic arousal for reoffending. Thus, the present study examined associations of resting HR and systolic blood pressure with reoffending. We used Swedish population-based registers to conduct a cohort study of all male conscripts born between 1958 and 1990 who had been convicted of a crime (N=407,533). Resting HR and systolic blood pressure was measured at the conscription assessment. Criminal convictions were obtained from the National Crime Register. We used survival analyses to test for associations between resting HR and systolic blood pressure with reoffending while covarying for socioeconomic status, height, weight, physical energy capacity and birth year. A lower resting HR was associated with an increased risk of reoffending for violent and nonviolent crime compared to a higher resting HR. Lower systolic blood pressure was also associated with an increased risk of reoffending for violent and nonviolent crime compared to a higher systolic blood pressure. Low autonomic arousal should be further investigated as a predictor for reoffending as it may help to improve identification of individuals at risk for repeated criminal justice involvement.
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