| 1. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Abreu, P., et al.
(författare)
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Search for sleptons in e+e- collisions at √s = 183 to 189 GeV
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 19:1, s. 29-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data taken by the DELPHI experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 183 GeV and 189 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 212 pb-1 have been used to search for the supersymmetric partners of the electrons, muons, and taus in the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). The decay topologies searched for were the direct decay (ℓ̃ → ℓx̃), producing acoplanar lepton pairs plus missing energy, and the cascade decay (ℓ → ℓx̃0 2 → ℓγx̃0 1), producing acoplanar lepton and photon pairs plus missing energy. The observed number of events is in agreement with Standard Model predictions. The 95% CL excluded mass limits for selectrons, smuons and staus are mẽ ≤ 87 GeV/c2, mμ̃ ≤ 80 GeV/c2 and mτ̃ 75 GeV/c2, respectively, for values of μ=-200 GeV/c2 and tanβ=1.5.
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| 5. |
- Abreu, P., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the gluon fragmentation function and a comparison of the scaling violation in gluon and quark jets
- 2000
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 13:4, s. 573-589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fragmentation functions of quarks and gluons are measured in various three-jet topologies in Z decays from the full data set collected with the DELPHI detector at the Z resonance between 1992 and 995. The results at different values of transverse momentum-like scales are compared. A parameterization of the quark and gluon fragmentation functions at a fixed reference scale is given. The quark and gluon fragmentation functions show the predicted pattern of scaling violations. The scaling violation for quark jets as a function of a transverse momentum-like scale is in a good agreement with that observed in lower energy e+e- annihilation experiments. For gluon jets it appears to be significantly stronger. The scale dependences of the gluon and quark fragmentation functions agree with the prediction of the DGLAP evolution equations from which the colour factor ratio CA/CF is measured to be: CA/CF = 2.26 ± 0.09stat. ± 0.06sys. ± 0.12clus.,scale..
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| 6. |
- Abreu, P., et al.
(författare)
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Study of dimuon production in photon-photon collisions and measurement of QED photon structure functions at LEP
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 19:1, s. 15-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Muon pair production in the process e+e- → e+e- μ+μ- is studied using the data taken at LEP1 (√s ≃ mz) with the DELPHI detector during the years 1992-1995. The corresponding integrated luminosity is 138.5 pb-1. The QED predictions have been tested over the whole Q2 range accessible at LEP1 (from several GeV2/c4 to several hundred GeV2/c4) by comparing experimental distributions with distributions resulting from Monte Carlo simulations using various generators. Selected events are used to extract the leptonic photon structure function Fγ 2. Azimuthal correlations are used to obtain information on additional structure functions, Fγ A and Fγ B, which originate from interference terms of the scattering amplitudes. The measured ratios Fγ A/Fγ 2 and FγB/Fγ 2 are significantly different from zero and consistent with QED predictions.
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| 7. |
- Wade, C. M., et al.
(författare)
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Genome Sequence, Comparative Analysis, and Population Genetics of the Domestic Horse
- 2009
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 326:5954, s. 865-867
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a high-quality draft sequence of the genome of the horse ( Equus caballus). The genome is relatively repetitive but has little segmental duplication. Chromosomes appear to have undergone few historical rearrangements: 53% of equine chromosomes show conserved synteny to a single human chromosome. Equine chromosome 11 is shown to have an evolutionary new centromere devoid of centromeric satellite DNA, suggesting that centromeric function may arise before satellite repeat accumulation. Linkage disequilibrium, showing the influences of early domestication of large herds of female horses, is intermediate in length between dog and human, and there is long-range haplotype sharing among breeds.
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| 9. |
- Hillier, Ladeana W, et al.
(författare)
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Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 432:7018, s. 695-716
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present here a draft genome sequence of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus. Because the chicken is a modern descendant of the dinosaurs and the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, the draft sequence of its genome--composed of approximately one billion base pairs of sequence and an estimated 20,000-23,000 genes--provides a new perspective on vertebrate genome evolution, while also improving the annotation of mammalian genomes. For example, the evolutionary distance between chicken and human provides high specificity in detecting functional elements, both non-coding and coding. Notably, many conserved non-coding sequences are far from genes and cannot be assigned to defined functional classes. In coding regions the evolutionary dynamics of protein domains and orthologous groups illustrate processes that distinguish the lineages leading to birds and mammals. The distinctive properties of avian microchromosomes, together with the inferred patterns of conserved synteny, provide additional insights into vertebrate chromosome architecture.
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| 10. |
- Kindmark, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide pharmacogenetic investigation of a hepatic adverse event without clinical signs of immunopathology suggests an underlying immune pathogenesis
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Pharmacogenomics Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1470-269X .- 1473-1150. ; 8:3, s. 186-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the major goals of pharmacogenetics is to elucidate mechanisms and identify patients at increased risk of adverse events (AEs). To date, however, there have been only a few successful examples of this type of approach. In this paper, we describe a retrospective case–control pharmacogenetic study of an AE of unknown mechanism, characterized by elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) during long-term treatment with the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran. The study was based on 74 cases and 130 treated controls and included both a genome-wide tag single nucleotide polymorphism and large-scale candidate gene analysis. A strong genetic association between elevated ALAT and the MHC alleles DRB1*07 and DQA1*02 was discovered and replicated, suggesting a possible immune pathogenesis. Consistent with this hypothesis, immunological studies suggest that ximelagatran may have the ability to act as a contact sensitizer, and hence be able to stimulate an adaptive immune response.
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