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- Andersson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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A transcriptional timetable of autumn senescence
- 2004
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Ingår i: Genome Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-6906 .- 1474-760X. ; 5:4, s. R24-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background We have developed genomic tools to allow the genus Populus (aspens and cottonwoods) to be exploited as a full-featured model for investigating fundamental aspects of tree biology. We have undertaken large-scale expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing programs and created Populus microarrays with significant gene coverage. One of the important aspects of plant biology that cannot be studied in annual plants is the gene activity involved in the induction of autumn leaf senescence. Results On the basis of 36,354 Populus ESTs, obtained from seven cDNA libraries, we have created a DNA microarray consisting of 13,490 clones, spotted in duplicate. Of these clones, 12,376 (92%) were confirmed by resequencing and all sequences were annotated and functionally classified. Here we have used the microarray to study transcript abundance in leaves of a free-growing aspen tree (Populus tremula) in northern Sweden during natural autumn senescence. Of the 13,490 spotted clones, 3,792 represented genes with significant expression in all leaf samples from the seven studied dates. Conclusions We observed a major shift in gene expression, coinciding with massive chlorophyll degradation, that reflected a shift from photosynthetic competence to energy generation by mitochondrial respiration, oxidation of fatty acids and nutrient mobilization. Autumn senescence had much in common with senescence in annual plants; for example many proteases were induced. We also found evidence for increased transcriptional activity before the appearance of visible signs of senescence, presumably preparing the leaf for degradation of its components.
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- Andersson, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Diamanter blir var mans egendom
- 2003
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Ingår i: Forskning & Framsteg. ; :1, s. 38-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Andersson, Joakim, 1971-
(författare)
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Microengineered CVD Diamond Surfaces : Tribology and Applications
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recent developments in thin film synthesis of diamond have facilitated a host of new technical applications. These are motivated by the many attractive properties of diamond, for example high hardness, chemical inertness, transparency and heat conductivity. Unfortunately, these properties also make it difficult to fashion complex geometries. Other problems are the severely limited choice of suitable substrate materials and large surface roughness. To reduce these complications, a technology denoted replication and bodybuilding has been developed. The basic principle is to grow the diamond film onto a mold and then build a mechanical support on top of the diamond film. Then the mold is removed. Thereby, a diamond surface with the desired 3D geometry and the same surface roughness as the mold is created.Three potential applications for devices built using the replication and bodybuilding concept have been explored. Grinding tools for hard materials have proved superior to conventional technology in rate of removal as well as in resulting surface finish. Diamond surfaces have also been crafted into ultra-durable dies for injection molding of hard particle reinforced polymers. Initial testing of an abrasive diamond device, intended to make CMP processes more economical and easier to control has successfully been carried out.Diamond and diamond-like carbon is well-known for being “low-friction materials”, but are here demonstrated to actually be “high-friction materials” with the ability to disguise themselves in certain environments, most notably with the aid of water molecules. The mechanisms involved in these variations have been investigated. Using NEXAFS it is shown that high friction sliding is accompanied by changes in the material structure. These changes are induced by surface roughness as well as by strong adhesive forces.Highly hydrogenated carbon coatings, on the other hand, affording super-low friction coefficients (<0.01) under certain circumstances, will suffer an increase in friction in the presence of water.
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- Andersson, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Phase transformations in CVD diamond wear tracks revealed by NEXAFS mapping
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nordtrib 2004, Tromsö, Norway.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The origin of the different Li+ intercalation behavior of raw and jet-milled natural graphite has been investigated. Jet-milled graphite is found to cycle reversibly in equal solvent mixture of propylene carbonate (PC) and etylene carbonate (EC), whereas raw graphite does not. Using both Al Ka and synchrotron radiation (SR) Photoelectron Spectroscopy, new insight is obtained inti the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the two different graphite materials during electrochemical cycling in 1 M LiPF6 in either PC:EC (1:1) or in PC with 5% vinylene carbonate (VC) as additive. Solvent reduction products are found at the surface of both raw and jat-milled graphite cycled in PC:EC (1:1), but differed in composition. The addition of VC reduces primarily the quantities of salt reaction products (LiF and LixPFy compounds) and produces a mainly organic SEI layer. Electron diffraction from the edges for raw and jet-milled graphite particles shows a physical barrier hindering PC co-intercalation and faciltating the formation of a stable SEI layer.
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