| 1. |
- Promerová, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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Worldwide frequency distribution of the 'Gait keeper' mutation in the DMRT3 gene
- 2014
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Ingår i: Animal Genetics. - : Wiley. - 0268-9146 .- 1365-2052. ; 45:2, s. 274-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For centuries, domestic horses have represented an important means of transport and served as working and companion animals. Although their role in transportation is less important today, many horse breeds are still subject to intense selection based on their pattern of locomotion. A striking example of such a selected trait is the ability of a horse to perform additional gaits other than the common walk, trot and gallop. Those could be four-beat ambling gaits, which are particularly smooth and comfortable for the rider, or pace, used mainly in racing. Gaited horse breeds occur around the globe, suggesting that gaitedness is an old trait, selected for in many breeds. A recent study discovered that a nonsense mutation in DMRT3 has a major impact on gaitedness in horses and is present at a high frequency in gaited breeds and in horses bred for harness racing. Here, we report a study of the worldwide distribution of this mutation. We genotyped 4396 horses representing 141 horse breeds for the DMRT3 stop mutation. More than half (2749) of these horses also were genotyped for a SNP situated 32kb upstream of the DMRT3 nonsense mutation because these two SNPs are in very strong linkage disequilibrium. We show that the DMRT3 mutation is present in 68 of the 141 genotyped horse breeds at a frequency ranging from 1% to 100%. We also show that the mutation is not limited to a geographical area, but is found worldwide. The breeds with a high frequency of the stop mutation (>50%) are either classified as gaited or bred for harness racing.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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RESULT and PURPOSE relations with and without 'so'
- 2014
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Ingår i: Lingua. - : Elsevier BV. - 0024-3841 .- 1872-6135. ; 148, s. 1-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coherence relations differ in their tendency to be explicitly marked. How such relations are recognized and what determines their tendency to be marked is a matter of debate. The connective so represents a special case: it can be used to signal RESULT coherence relations and the more specific cause-effect relation of PURPOSE, but overt marking has been claimed to be required for PURPOSE and optional for RESULT. We present written corpus and experimental results on the use of so that show that RESULT and PURPOSE with this connective can be reliably distinguished from each other, and that the modal auxiliaries can/could and will/would are strongly associated with PURPOSE. In the corpus study, PURPOSE always occurs with explicit so, while RESULT is often left unmarked. These results are in line with recent claims based on annotated corpus data that implicit (unmarked) and explicit (marked) coherence relations can be qualitatively different (e.g. Sporleder and Lascarides, 2008; Webber, 2009). However, in our experiments using strongly purposive event pairs, 35-40% of examples were identified as PURPOSE without a connective or a modal verb cue. We argue that the difference between the corpus results and the experimental results can be explained as a difference between the tasks of speakers and hearers, and we outline an explanation for how marking can be obligatory for PURPOSE relations and yet optional for RESULT. We also propose that nonveridicality seems to play a key role in a marking requirement for PURPOSE, and explain why the unusual marking pattern found makes it difficult to give a pragmatic account similar to more well-known language asymmetries.
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| 3. |
- Björkegren, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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A student run open health clinic
- 2011
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Ingår i: AMEE 2011. ; , s. 72-72
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Bolognesi, Margherita, et al.
(författare)
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2D π-conjugated benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene- and quinoxaline-based copolymers for photovoltaic applications
- 2013
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - 2046-2069. ; 3:46, s. 24543-24552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two medium gap semiconducting polymers, P(1)-Q-BDT-4TR and P(2)-FQ-BDT-4TR, based on alternate units of alkyl-dithiophene substituted benzodithiophene (BDT) and quinoxaline units (without or with fluorine substitution), are synthesized and fully characterized. The polymers exhibit optical and electrical properties favorable for being employed as donors in BHJ OPV devices, such as: absorption spectra extending up to around 720 nm for a high solar spectrum coverage, deep lying HOMO energy levels for a high device open circuit voltage and LUMO energy levels higher than those of PC61BM and PC71BM for an efficient exciton dissociation. In particular, the presence of alkyl-dithiophene side chains allows us to obtain a high 2D π-conjugation which promotes red shifted absorption profiles, low HOMO energy levels (
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Gedefaw, Desta Antenehe, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Conjugated polymers based on benzodithiophene and fluorinated quinoxaline for bulk heterojunction solar cells: thiophene versus thieno[3,2-b]thiophene as π-conjugated spacers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Polymer Chemistry. - 1759-9954 .- 1759-9962. ; 5:6, s. 2083-2093
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two conjugated donor–acceptor copolymers based on a benzodithiophene donor unit and a fluorinated quinoxaline acceptor unit, spaced with either thiophene or thieno[3,2-b]thiophene π-bridges, were designed and synthesized. The effect of different π-bridges and of the processing conditions on the optical, electrical, morphological and photovoltaic properties of the polymer:fullerene blend films were investigated. The polymer containing the thieno[3,2-b]thiophene π-bridge (PBDTFQ-TT) showed a red-shifted absorption and enhanced charge carrier mobility, as compared to its analogue with the thiophene π-bridge (PBDTFQ-T), due to its narrower optical gap (by ~ 0.1 eV) and stronger inter-chain interactions, favored by the structural planarity and increased linearity of the polymer backbone, as also supported by DFT calculations. The blend of PBDTFQ-TT and PC61BM ([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester), compared to the PBDTFQ-T:PC61BM one processed in the same conditions (by blade-coating technique), showed greatly enhanced photovoltaic performance, with more than doubled power conversion efficiency (PCE up to 5.60% for the best device) due to the increased short-circuit current density and fill factor. However, similar PCEs were also achieved for PBDTFQ-T:PC61BM-based devices by optimizing the processing conditions through the addition of 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) as the solvent additive. Through morphological and electrical analysis of the films, produced with and without additive, it was observed that the addition of DIO greatly enhances the self-organization, and consequently the charge mobility, of the thiophene π-bridge-based polymer, while it was detrimental for the nanoscale morphology and photovoltaic performances of the thieno[3,2-b]thiophene π-bridge-based polymer in the corresponding blend.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Hammerstad, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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The class Ib ribonucleotide reductase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis has two active R2F subunits
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0949-8257 .- 1432-1327. ; 19:6, s. 893-902
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) catalyze the reduction of ribonucleotides to their corresponding deoxyribonucleotides, playing a crucial role in DNA repair and replication in all living organisms. Class Ib RNRs require either a diiron-tyrosyl radical (Y center dot) or a dimanganese-Y center dot cofactor in their R2F subunit to initiate ribonucleotide reduction in the R1 subunit. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, contains two genes, nrdF1 and nrdF2, encoding the small subunits R2F-1 and R2F-2, respectively, where the latter has been thought to serve as the only active small subunit in the M. tuberculosis class Ib RNR. Here, we present evidence for the presence of an active Fe (2) (III) -Y center dot cofactor in the M. tuberculosis RNR R2F-1 small subunit, supported and characterized by UV-vis, X-band electron paramagnetic resonance, and resonance Raman spectroscopy, showing features similar to those for the M. tuberculosis R2F-2-Fe (2) (III) -Y center dot cofactor. We also report enzymatic activity of Fe (2) (III) -R2F-1 when assayed with R1, and suggest that the active M. tuberculosis class Ib RNR can use two different small subunits, R2F-1 and R2F-2, with similar activity.
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| 9. |
- Lomnytska, Marta I, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic protein marker patterns in squamous cervicalcancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proteomics - Clinical Applications. - Weinheim : WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. - 1862-8346 .- 1862-8354. ; 4:1, s. 17-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent malignancy of women. Our aim was toidentify additional marker protein patterns for objective diagnosis of squamous cervical cancer(SCC).Experimental design: Collected tissue biopsies of SCC, squamous vaginal cancer (SVC), normalcervical and vaginal mucosa were subjected to 2-DE, SameSpot analysis, MALDI-TOF-MSprotein identification, and analysis of the expression of selected proteins by immunohistochemistry.Results: In 148 protein spots selected by the difference in expression 99 proteins were identified.A differential protein pattern for SCC was, e.g. over-expressed (OE) eukaryotic translationinitiation factor 3-2b, neutrophil cytosolic factor 2, annexin A6 (ANXA6), for SVC it was OEcathepsin D, g-catenin, RAB2A, for both cancers it was OE apolipoprotein E, tropomyosin 3,HSPA8, and underexpressed cytokeratin 13, osteoglycin. In SCC nuclear expression ofneutrophil cytosolic factor 2, PRDX2, HSP27 (nine of ten cases), ANXA6 (nine of ten cases) wasobserved while tropomyosin 4 was expressed only in two of ten cases. There was 81.1% (43/53)agreement between the expression of protein spots and the immune expression of proteins(www.proteinatlas.org).Conclusions and clinical relevance: SCC is characterized by specific tissue marker proteinpatterns that allow objective detection of the disease. They can become a basis for objectiveautomated cytology-based screening and improve current diagnostics of SCC.
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| 10. |
- Lundin, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Gas Monitoring in Human Body Cavities Using Non-Intrusive Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2012 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference. - : IEEE. - 2162-108X. ; , s. 4-7
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diode laser absorption spectroscopy was utilized for non-intrusive assessment of gas content in human body cavities, including intestines and lungs of a new-born, the mastoid bone, and sinus cavities for monitoring sinusitis recovery in adults.
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