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| 2. |
- Bengtsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Mind the gap! Moving from awareness to action : Showcasing emergent research from the Swedish Graduate School in Education for Sustainable Development (GRESD)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Abstract list of WEEC 2015. - : WEEC.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: The main purpose of the symposium is to showcase some recent research findings produced by PhD students accepted by or affiliated with the Swedish Graduate School in Education for Sustainable development (GRESD). Objectives: GRESD started as a state sponsored one-time research capacity development project that accepted 9 post-graduate student and included additional 9 post-graduate students all focusing on ESD in their PhD projects. With the project coming to an end and having produced a number of dissertations targeting an international research audience, it is the intention to showcase some of the central contributions made and to receive feedback on from practitioners and researchers on how existent research projects can tie into and contribute to existent demands in environmental education (EE) practice and practice. The presentations of research results are aimed to cover a wide range of issues, including topics such as evaluation of classroom practices, students qualifications, globalization and teachers’ ethical reflections the role of place-specific artifacts in learning. As GRESD is a collaboration between eight universities with their specific traditions and approaches to educational research, approaches show a creative variety of theoretical backgrounds. This variation is also reflected in the presentations that are putting into play Lacanian psychoanalysis, discourse theory, pragmatist theory and phenomenography in order to shed new light on critical areas of environmental education. Methods: The symposium will consist of an introduction (10 minutes) brief presentations (10-15 minutes each) of central research findings in the context of their overarching research projects, followed by a synthesis and suggestions by a selected commentator (20 minutes) and general discussions with the audience (20 minutes). The dialogue following the presentations is intended to outline possible future research projects as well as emerging areas topics in the portrayed GRESD research that could feed into existing demands in EE practice and research.
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| 3. |
- Gustavsson, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal fluid levels of insulin, leptin, and agouti-related protein in relation to BMI in pregnant women
- 2016
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Ingår i: Obesity. - : Wiley. - 1930-7381. ; 24:6, s. 1299-1304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveDuring pregnancy, metabolic interactions must be adapted, though neuroendocrine mechanisms for increased food intake are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to characterize differences in insulin, leptin, and agouti-related protein (AgRP) levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in pregnant women with normal weight (NW) and pregnant women with overweight (OW) or obesity (OB). Placenta as a source for increased peripheral AgRP levels during pregnancy was also investigated. MethodsWomen were recruited at admission for elective cesarean section. Insulin, AgRP, and leptin were measured in serum and CSF from 30 NW, 25 OW, and 21 OB at term. Serum during pregnancy and placenta at term were collected for further AgRP analysis. ResultsImmunohistology showed placental production of AgRP and serum AgRP levels increased throughout pregnancy. CSF AgRP, leptin, and insulin levels were higher in OW and OB than NW. Serum leptin and insulin levels were higher and AgRP lower in OB than NW. ConclusionsHigh serum AgRP levels might protect from the suppressive effects of leptin during pregnancy. Pregnant women with OB and OW might further be protected from the suppressive effect of leptin by high CSF AgRP levels. Evidence was found, for the first time, of human placental AgRP production mirrored by levels in the circulation.
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| 4. |
- Hammarsten, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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High Caveolin-1 Expression in Tumor Stroma Is Associated with a Favourable Outcome in Prostate Cancer Patients Managed by Watchful Waiting
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study we have investigated whether Caveolin-1 expression in non-malignant and malignant prostate tissue is a potential prognostic marker for outcome in prostate cancer patients managed by watchful waiting. Caveolin-1 was measured in prostate tissues obtained through transurethral resection of the prostate from 395 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. The majority of the patients (n = 298) were followed by watchful waiting after diagnosis. Tissue microarrays constructed from malignant and non-malignant prostate tissue were stained with an antibody against Caveolin-1. The staining pattern was scored and related to clinicopathologic parameters and outcome. Microdissection and qRT-PCR analysis of Cav-1 was done of the prostate stroma from non-malignant tissue and stroma from Gleason 3 and 4 tumors. Cav-1 RNA expression was highest in non-malignant tissue and decreased during cancer progression. High expression of Caveolin-1 in tumor stroma was associated with significantly longer cancer specific survival in prostate cancer patients. This association remained significant when Gleason score and local tumor stage were combined with Caveolin-1 in a Cox regression model. High stromal Caveolin-1 immunoreactivity in prostate tumors is associated with a favourable prognosis in prostate cancer patients managed by watchful waiting. Caveolin-1 could possibly become a useful prognostic marker for prostate cancer patients that are potential candidates for active surveillance.
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| 5. |
- Widén, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Consumption of bilberries controls gingival inflammation
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 16:5, s. 10665-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bioactive molecules in berries may be helpful in reducing the risk of oral diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of bilberry consumption on the outcome of a routine dental clinical parameter of inflammation, bleeding on probing (BOP), as well as the impact on selected biomarkers of inflammation, such as cytokines, in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in individuals with gingivitis. Study individuals who did not receive standard of care treatment were allocated to either a placebo group or to groups that consumed either 250 or 500 g bilberries daily over seven days. The placebo group consumed an inactive product (starch). A study group, receiving standard of care (debridement only) was also included to provide a reference to standard of care treatment outcome. Cytokine levels were assayed using the Luminex MagPix system. The mean reduction in BOP before and after consumption of test product over 1 week was 41% and 59% in the groups that consumed either 250 or 500 g of bilberries/day respectively, and was 31% in the placebo group, and 58% in the standard of care reference group. The analysis only showed a significant reduction in cytokine levels in the group that consumed 500 g of bilberries/day. A statistically significant reduction was observed for IL-1b (p = 0.025), IL-6 (p = 0.012) and VEGF (p = 0.017) in GCF samples in the group that consumed 500 g of bilberries daily. It appears that berry intake has an ameliorating effect on some markers of gingival inflammation reducing gingivitis to a similar extent compared to standard of care.
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| 6. |
- Ahlstrand, Pernilla, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Bedömning av kunnande i dans och teater inom gymnasieskolan
- 2019
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Ingår i: Konferens program.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna presentation kommer forskarna redogöra för ett pågående forskningsprojekt som beviljats ULF-medel under perioden 2019-2021. Projektet tar utgångspunkt i tidigare forskning som har visat att kunnande som tar sig gestaltande uttryck kan vara utmanande att artikulera på grund av dess tysta dimensioner och på grund av att delar av kunskaperna tas för givna. Det i sig blir problematiskt gällande hur undervisning planeras, hur kunskap värderas och hur bedömningar kommuniceras. Det övergripande syftet med projektet är att gemensamt i lärarlag formulera kvaliteter i relation till ett gestaltande arbete. Kvaliteterna blir användbara i planeringen av undervisning och som en konsekvens till bedömning. Learning study har valts som forskningsansats och skolutvecklingsmodell. Analysmetoden fenomenografi kommer användas på ett innovativt sätt där kunnande som tar sig gestaltande uttryck analyseras. Med stöd i analyser och gemensamt genomförda lektioner kommer undervisningsstöd att utarbetas tillsammans med verksamma gymnasielärare. Lärarstudenter inom ämneslärarutbildningen med inriktning dans och teater vid Göteborgs universitet kommer att involveras i projektet. Därigenom syftar projektet även till att stärka den vetenskapliga grunden inom lärarutbildning i konstnärliga ämnen samt bidra till forskningsresultat inom ett område som genom tidigare forskning visat sig vara utmanande.
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| 7. |
- Akrap, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Distinct Breast Cancer Stem Cell Populations Based on Single-Cell Analyses of Functionally Enriched Stem and Progenitor Pools
- 2016
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Ingår i: Stem Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-6711. ; 6:1, s. 121-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The identification of breast cancer cell subpopulations featuring truly malignant stem cell qualities is a challenge due to the complexity of the disease and lack of general markers. By combining extensive single-cell gene expression profiling with three functional strategies for cancer stem cell enrichment including anchorage-independent culture, hypoxia, and analyses of low-proliferative, label-retaining cells derived from mammospheres, we identified distinct stem cell clusters in breast cancer. Estrogen receptor (ER)alpha+ tumors featured a clear hierarchical organization with switch-like and gradual transitions between different clusters, illustrating how breast cancer cells transfer between discrete differentiation states in a sequential manner. ER alpha- breast cancer showed less prominent clustering but shared a quiescent cancer stem cell pool with ER alpha+ cancer. The cellular organization model was supported by single-cell data from primary tumors. The findings allow us to understand the organization of breast cancers at the single-cell level, thereby permitting better identification and targeting of cancer stem cells.
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| 9. |
- Almerud, Pernilla, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Low personal exposure to benzene and 1,3-butadiene in the Swedish petroleum refinery industry
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 90:7, s. 713-724
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Petroleum refinery workers are exposed to the carcinogens benzene and 1,3-butadiene. Declining exposures have been reported internationally but information on current exposure in the Swedish refinery industry is limited. The aim was to examine refinery workers' personal exposure to benzene and 1,3-butadiene and increase awareness of exposure conditions by collaboration with involved refineries. Altogether 505 repeated personal exposure measurements were performed among workers at two refineries. Full-shift measurements were conducted in different exposure groups using Perkin Elmer diffusive samplers filled with Carbopack X. Mean levels were calculated using mixed-effects models. A large fraction of measurements below the limit of detection (LOD) required imputation of computer-generated data. Mean benzene exposure among process technicians was 15.3 A mu g/m(3) (95% CI 10.4-22.5 A mu g/m(3)) and 13.7 A mu g/m(3) (95% CI 8.3-22.7 A mu g/m(3)) for Refinery 1 and 2, respectively. Process technicians working outdoors had higher exposure than maintenance workers (20.7 versus 5.9 A mu g/m(3), p < 0.01). Working in the harbour and tank park (Refinery 1), compared with the process area, was associated with higher exposure. The 1,3-butadiene exposure was low, 5.4 and 1.8 A mu g/m(3), respectively. The total variation was generally attributed to within-worker variability. Low benzene and 1,3-butadiene levels were found among refinery workers. Mean benzene exposure was about 1% of the Swedish occupational limit (1500 A mu g/m(3)) and for 1,3-butadiene, exposure was even lower. A large fraction of values below the LOD can be managed by carefully modelled, computer-generated data.
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| 10. |
- Amirhosseini, Mehdi, et al.
(författare)
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Cyclin-dependent kinase 8/19 inhibition suppresses osteoclastogenesis by downregulating RANK and promotes osteoblast mineralization and cancellous bone healing.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cellular Physiology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9541 .- 1097-4652. ; 234:9, s. 16503-16516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) is a mediator complex-associated transcriptional regulator that acts depending on context and cell type. While primarily under investigation as potential cancer therapeutics, some inhibitors of CDK8-and its paralog CDK19-have been reported to affect the osteoblast lineage and bone formation. This study investigated the effects of two selective CDK8/19 inhibitors on osteoclastogenesis and osteoblasts in vitro, and further evaluated how local treatment with a CDK8/19 inhibitor affects cancellous bone healing in rats. CDK8/19 inhibitors did not alter the proliferation of neither mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) nor primary mouse osteoblasts. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κΒ (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis from mouse BMMs was suppressed markedly by inhibition of CDK8/19, concomitant with reduced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen levels. This was accompanied by downregulation of PU.1, RANK, NF-κB, nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 (NFATc1), dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP), TRAP, and cathepsin K in RANKL-stimulated BMMs. Downregulating RANK and its downstream signaling in osteoclast precursors enforce CDK8/19 inhibitors as anticatabolic agents to impede excessive osteoclastogenesis. In mouse primary osteoblasts, CDK8/19 inhibition did not affect differentiation but enhanced osteoblast mineralization by promoting alkaline phosphatase activity and downregulating osteopontin, a negative regulator of mineralization. In rat tibiae, a CDK8/19 inhibitor administered locally promoted cancellous bone regeneration. Our data indicate that inhibitors of CDK8/19 have the potential to develop into therapeutics to restrict osteolysis and enhance bone regeneration.
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