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- Reiz, S, et al.
(författare)
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Epidural morphine for postoperative pain relief
- 1981
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 25:2, s. 111-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thirty-three patients were randomly assigned to two groups to study the analgesic potency, duration of action and side effects of epidural and intramuscular morphine after hip surgery. Two milligrams of preservative-free morphine chloride in 10 ml of normal saline in the epidural space was compared to 10 mg of intramuscularly administered morphine. There was a more rapid onset of action after intramuscular morphine. However, the quality of pain relief was substantially higher and the duration of action markedly longer after epidural morphine. The total dose required in the epidural group was 3.6 mg and in the intramuscular group 41 mg during the 15-h observation period. The side effects of epidural morphine were few and mild, the most embarrassing being urinary retention (20%). Nausea and/or vomiting was less common after epidural morphine (20% versus 55%). Pruritus or respiratory depression which have been reported previously were not encountered. However, it is recommended that preservative-free solution are used to avoid itching and that the patients are monitored, as respiratory depression may occur long after administration of epidural opiate
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| 2. |
- Alestig, Kjell, 1931, et al.
(författare)
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Ceftazidime and renal function.
- 1984
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Ingår i: The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-7453 .- 1460-2091. ; 13:2, s. 177-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as measured by 51Chrome-EDTA clearance, decreased with a mean of 10 ml/min during therapy with ceftazidime 2 g bid in 16 patients with initial GFR of 30 to 110 ml/min. A significant increase in the excretion of urinary alanine aminopeptidase was also found. In another three patients with initial GFR of 17-22 ml/min increases in serum creatinine during therapy were noted. These observations indicate that ceftazidime should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function and not be combined with nephrotoxic drugs until the safety of such combinations has been studied.
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| 7. |
- Mellander, S, et al.
(författare)
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Neural beta-adrenergic dilatation of the facial vein in man. Possible mechanism in emotional blushing
- 1982
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 114:3, s. 393-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ring preparations of the superficial buccal segment of the human facial vein, taken from extirpated tissue in 12 patients during neck surgery, were studied in vitro. The vein developed a maintained intrinsic myogenic tone in response to passive stretch and was supplied with alpha- as well as beta-adrenoceptors, both of which could be influenced by transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) and noradrenaline. These unusual characteristics for a vein are basically similar to the ones described for the rabbit facial vein by Pegram, Bevan & Bevan (1976). In man there seemed to be an inter-individual difference with regard to the abundance of 'innervated' alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors. Facial vein specimens from some subjects thus responded with prompt and pronounced net dilatation to TNS with maximum at 4 Hz and those from others with net constriction with maximum at 16 Hz. The latter showed a reversal into neural beta-adrenergic dilatation after alpha-adrenergic blockade. The human external jugular vein was devoid of intrinsic tone and beta-adrenoceptors. It is tentatively proposed that a beta-adrenergic neuro-effector mechanism in superficial ramifications of the facial vein in man might be involved in the emotional blushing reaction.
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