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- Streng, T., et al.
(författare)
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Distribution and Function of the Hydrogen Sulfide-Sensitive TRPA1 Ion Channel in Rat Urinary Bladder
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838 .- 1873-7560. ; 53:2, s. 391-400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate the distribution of the transient receptor potential (TRP) A1 ion channel in the rat urinary bladder, and to study the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and known TRPA1 activators on micturition in conscious rats and on heterologously expressed ion channels. Methods: The expression of TRPA1 in urinary bladder was studied with fluorescence immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Cystometric investigations were performed in conscious animals subjected to intravesical administration of sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS, donor of H2S), allyl isothiocyanate (AI), and cinnamaldehyde (CA). Fluorometric calcium imaging was used to study the effect of NaHS on human and mouse TRPA1 expressed in CHO cells. Results: TRPA1 immunoreactivity was found on unmyelinated nerve fibres within the urothelium, suburothelial space, and muscle layer as well as around blood vessels throughout the bladder. All TRPA1 immunoreactive nerves fibres also expressed TRPV1 immunoreactivity and vice versa. TRPA1 was also detected in urothelial cells at both transcriptional and protein levels. AI increased micturition frequency and reduced voiding volume. CA and NaHS produced similar changes in urodynamic parameters after disruption of the urothelial barrier with protamine sulfate. NaHS also induced calcium responses in TRPA1-expressing CHO cells, but not in untransfected cells. Conclusions: The expression of TRPA1 on C-fibre bladder afferents and urothelial cells together with the finding that intravesical TRPA1 activators initiate detrusor overactivity indicate that TRPA1 may have a role in sensory transduction in this organ. The study also highlights H2S as a TRPA1 activator potentially involved in inflammatory bladder disease. © 2007.
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| 4. |
- Andersson-Gunneras, S., et al.
(författare)
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Biosynthesis of cellulose-enriched tension wood in Populus : global analysis of transcripts and metabolites identifies biochemical and developmental regulators in secondary wall biosynthesis
- 2006
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Ingår i: The Plant Journal. - Malden : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0960-7412 .- 1365-313X. ; 45:2, s. 144-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stems and branches of angiosperm trees form tension wood (TW) when exposed to a gravitational stimulus. One of the main characteristics of TW, which distinguishes it from normal wood, is the formation of fibers with a thick inner gelatinous cell wall layer mainly composed of crystalline cellulose. Hence TW is enriched in cellulose, and deficient in lignin and hemicelluloses. An expressed sequence tag library made from TW-forming tissues in Populus tremula (L.) x tremuloides (Michx.) and data from transcript profiling using microarray and metabolite analysis were obtained during TW formation in Populus tremula (L.) in two growing seasons. The data were examined with the aim of identifying the genes responsible for the change in carbon
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| 6. |
- Dahlman, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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A unique role of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 among chemokines in adipose tissue of obese subjects
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 90:10, s. 5834-5840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue may contribute to insulin resistance in obesity. However, the roles of individual inflammatory mediators in adipose tissue are poorly understood. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine which inflammation markers are most overexpressed at the gene level in adipose tissue in human obesity and how this relates to corresponding protein secretion. Design: We examined gene expression profiles in 17 lean and 20 obese subjects. The secretory pattern of relevant corresponding proteins was examined in human sc adipose tissue or isolated fat cells in vitro and in vivo in several obese or lean cohorts. Results: In ranking gene expression, defined pathways associated with obesity and immune and defense responses scored high. Among seven markedly overexpressed chemokines, only monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) was released from adipose tissue and isolated fat cells in vitro. In obesity, the secretion and expression of MCP1 in adipose tissue pieces were more than 6- and 2-fold increased, respectively, but there was no change in circulating MCP1 levels. There was no net release of MCP1, but there was a net release of leptin, in vivo from adipose tissue into the circulation. Conclusions: Obesity is associated with the increased expression of several chemokine genes in adipose tissue. However, only MCP1 is secreted into the extracellular space, where it primarily acts as a local factor, because little or no spillover into the circulation occurs. MCP1 influences the function of adipocytes, is a recruitment factor for macrophages, and may be a crucial link among chemokines between adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance.
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| 8. |
- Edman, Maria C, et al.
(författare)
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Functional expression of the adenosine A1 receptor in rabbit lacrimal gland.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Experimental eye research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-4835. ; 86:1, s. 110-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has become increasingly clear that purine compounds play a mediator role in exocrine secretion. Therefore, the present study was aimed at examining the presence of the adenosine A1 receptor in rabbit lacrimal gland and to evaluate the role of the A1 receptor in regulated secretion. The expression of the A1 receptor was investigated with reverse transcriptase PCR, cyto- and histochemistry as well as with pharmacological methods. Acinar cells were isolated, cultured in a serum-free medium for 2 days and thereafter treated with purinergic agonists/antagonists and/or carbachol and VIP. Secretory response was assessed by measuring secreted beta-hexosaminidase enzymatic activity. Microscopical evaluation of the immunocyto- and histochemistry specimens indicated that the adenosine A1 receptor is expressed in the rabbit lacrimal gland, which was also supported by reverse transcriptase PCR resulting in a sequence 100% identical with the previously published sequence for the rabbit A1 receptor gene. Incubation of acinar cells with adenosine and the A1 specific agonist N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) resulted in a fourfold increase of secretion at the determined optimal concentrations. Incubation with carbachol alone resulted in a 10- to 15-fold increase. Carbachol combined with either adenosine or CPA increased the secretion 20-fold or more, demonstrating a synergistic effect. Our data provides evidence for the presence of adenosine A1 receptors in both tissue and cultured cells. Even though adenosine and CPA alone had only a moderate effect on secretion, the observed synergistic effect with carbachol suggests a modulatory role for the adenosine A1 receptor in the lacrimal gland.
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| 9. |
- Emrich, Anders, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Water Vapor Radiometer for ALMA
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proc. of 20th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, Charlottesville, USA, 20-22 April, 2009. ; , s. 174-177
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiometer for the ALMA project from scratch in 18 months and will deliver 50 units within the next 18 months. Theradiometer includes an Optical Relay, Mounting Frame as well as the Radiometer core module. The radiometer core include optics and calibration system as well as a schottky mixer based frontend and a filterbank back-end. These subsystems are supported by a thermal management subsystem, control and communication subsystem as well as a power subsystem. The system and subsystems will be described in the paper.
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