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- Almegard, B, et al.
(författare)
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Outflow facility in the monkey eye: effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide, cholecystokinin, galanin, substance P and capsaicin
- 1990
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Ingår i: Experimental Eye Research. - 0014-4835. ; 51:6, s. 685-689
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A study in cats has shown that intracameral injection of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) increases the outflow facility by four- to fivefold concomitant with a decrease in intra-ocular pressure (IOP). Since there are great differences in the anatomy of the aqueous outflow routes between cats and primates, we have examined the effects of CGRP in the cynomolgus monkey. The possible influence of the sensory neuropeptides cholecystokinin (CCK), galanin and substance P on the outflow facility and IOP were also investigated. Determinations were performed using a two-level constant-pressure procedure. At 40–60 min after intracameral injection of 3 μg CGRP the outflow facility was increased from 0·68±0·11 to 1·03±0·15 μl min−1 mmHg−1 in the CGRP-treated eyes, and from 0·71±0·12 to 0·79±0·10 μl min−1 mmHg−1 in the control eyes. The mean difference in increase was 0·27±0·06 μl min−1 mmHg−1 (P < 0·01, N = 7). During the experiments there was a small rise in the IOP. CGRP at a dose of 3 μg caused a small rise in aqueous humor protein concentration. An attempt to release endogenous CGRP with capsaicin did not result in an increased outflow facility. Three micrograms each of CCK, galanin and substance P had no significant effect on either the outflow facility or the IOP. A miosis was observed in the experiments with CCK in agreement with previous findings. CCK seems thus to cause contraction of the pupillary sphincter but does not influence the ciliary muscle sufficiently to cause a facility effect in the monkey eye. Our results indicate that the effect of CGRP on the outflow facility in the monkey eye is much smaller than in cats, and that the other sensory neuropeptides tested have no clear effects on the conductance of the outflow routes.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Bert, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Heart rate dependency of cardiac performance in heart failure patients treated with metoprolol.
- 1999
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Ingår i: European heart journal. - 0195-668X. ; 20:8, s. 575-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate whether a low heart rate is necessary to maintain improvement in myocardial function after long-term treatment with a beta-blocker in patients with heart failure.Forty-eight patients with congestive heart failure were investigated: 30 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy participating in a placebo-controlled trial (15 on placebo, 15 on metoprolol), and 18 patients treated by metoprolol in an open protocol. Investigations of spontaneous heart rate and of matched paced heart rates were performed at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months of follow-up by radionuclide angiography. There were significant signs of improvement in systolic indices of the spontaneous heart rate in the metoprolol-treated group (peak ejection rate: 0.98 to 1.32 end-diastolic volume.s-1, P = 0.015) as compared to placebo (1.14 to 1.19 end-diastolic volume.s-1, not significant). Similar effects were observed during the matched paced heart rate (peak ejection rate: metoprolol 0.91 to 1.38 end-diastolic volume.s-1, P = 0.037; placebo 1.22 to 1.12 end-diastolic volume.s-1, not significant). No effects were observed in the early peak filling rate. Left ventricular volumes decreased during metoprolol treatment, both for the spontaneous heart rate and during matched pacing.These data imply that beta-blocker treatment improves the force-frequency relationship of myocardial performance. A lower heart rate is not necessary to maintain cardiac function on a short-term basis, once myocardial recovery has occurred.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Jesper L, et al.
(författare)
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A method for coregistration of PET and MR brain images
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667. ; 36:7, s. 1307-1315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combining MRI morphological data with functional PET data offers significant advantages in research as well as in many clinical situations. Automatic methods are needed, however, to coregister the data from the two modalities.METHODS:Simulated PET images were created by simple and automatic segmentation of MR images followed by the assignment of different uptake values to various tissue types. The simulated PET images were registered to actual PET images using a pixel-by-pixel, PET-PET registration method. The transformation matrix was then applied to the MR images. The method was used to register MRI data to PET transmission scans and emission scans obtained with FDG, nomifensine and raclopride. Validation was performed by comparing the results to those obtained by matching internal points manually defined in both volumes.RESULTS:Emission and transmission PET images were successfully registered to MR data. Comparison to the manual method indicated a registration accuracy on the order of 1-2 mm in each direction. No difference in accuracy between the different tracers was found. The error sensitivity for the method's assumptions seemed to be sufficiently low to allow complete automation of the method.CONCLUSION:We present a rapid, robust and fully automated method to register PET and MR brain images with sufficient accuracy for most clinical applications.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Praktikfall i reglerteknik - Råspritbränneriet i Nöbbelöv
- 1998
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During spring 1998 the course Industrial Case Studies in Control was given at the Department of Automatic Control in Lund. The course consisted of a project at an industry with control applications. This report considers a project at the crude alcohol distillery in Nöbbelöv, where the base product for the liquor Absolut Vodka is produced. The distillery had problems with fluctuations in the concentration of ethanol in the crude alcohol. The purpose of the project was to analyze the cause of the fluctuations, and if possibly eliminate it. The fluctuations were cause by an output limiter on a controller, and were relatively easily eliminated. To examine if control performance could be further improved, a series of experiments was carried out on the plant. The result of the experiments were then used to derive a simple process model, and a suggestion for new controller parameters.
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