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| 2. |
- Andrén, Lennart, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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Diltiazem in hypertensive patients with type II diabetes mellitus.
- 1988
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Ingår i: The American journal of cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9149. ; 62:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty-three patients with essential hypertension and diabetes mellitus type II were treated with the calcium antagonist diltiazem (120 to 180 mg twice daily). The mean dose was 307 mg/day. The study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. All measurements were performed 12 to 14 hours after drug intake. Blood pressure, heart rate and forearm blood flow were measured noninvasively. Platelet function was studied by measuring adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation and the platelet specific proteins, beta thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4. Thromboxane B2 formation in serum and the plasma concentration of diltiazem and its metabolites N-demethyldiltiazem, deacetyldiltiazem and N-demethyldeacetyldiltiazem were measured both during placebo and diltiazem treatment. Diabetic control was evaluated by following HbA1C, fasting blood glucose and urinary glucose. Diltiazem reduced both systolic and diastolic (supine and standing) blood pressure significantly. Forearm blood flow was significantly increased by 32%, p less than 0.05. Supine heart rate decreased significantly, while no such change was seen in the standing position. No significant changes were observed in platelet function during diltiazem treatment. There was no relation between the observed blood pressure reduction and the plasma concentration of diltiazem or its metabolites. A positive correlation between the change in heart rate and the metabolite N-demethyldeacetyldiltiazem was observed (r = 0.647, p = 0.005). Three patients were excluded during diltiazem treatment (skin exanthema, headache and atrial fibrillation) and 1 during placebo treatment (angina pectoris). No negative effect on diabetes control was observed. Thus, diltiazem could be used for treatment of hypertension in diabetic patients.
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| 3. |
- Dahlöf, Björn, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Addition of the calcium antagonist PN 200-110 to pindolol markedly augments the antihypertensive effect in essential hypertension.
- 1987
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Ingår i: Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. - 0160-2446. ; 10 Suppl 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several large-scale studies have recently drawn attention to the fact that arterial hypertension frequently is inadequately controlled and that therapeutic alternatives other than the commonly employed stepped-care treatment may be needed in order to obtain normotension. For this reason PN 200-110, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist--at two different dose levels (average 3.8 mg b.i.d. or 5.7 mg b.i.d.)--or placebo was added in a double-blind cross-over trial to pindolol, 10 mg per day, in 20 patients with essential hypertension, after an initial 3-week placebo period. Ionized calcium in serum was determined repeatedly during the study. From an initial level of 157/100 mm Hg, PN 200-110 at the first dose level reduced blood pressure by 14/11 mm Hg (p less than 0.01/0.001) and at the second dose level reduced blood pressure by 22/18 mm Hg (p less than 0.001/0.001). The reduction in mean arterial pressure was significantly correlated to age (=0.050, p less than 0.05). There was no significant increase in heart rate, nor were there any significant correlations between ionized calcium and the effect of PN 200-110 nor between the changes in ionized calcium and the changes in blood pressure. Adverse effects were few and mild. One patient had to be withdrawn because of side effects, probably not related to the investigated drugs. Thus, addition of PN 200-110 to hypertensive patients treated with pindolol caused highly significant and clinically relevant further reductions in arterial pressure. The results show that a combination of this kind offers the possibility of good blood pressure control.
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- Dahlöf, Björn, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Potentiation of the antihypertensive effect of enalapril by randomized addition of different doses of hydrochlorothiazide.
- 1985
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Ingår i: Journal of hypertension. Supplement : official journal of the International Society of Hypertension. - 0952-1178. ; 3:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potentiating effect of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 12.5 or 25 mg once daily when added in a placebo-controlled double-blind randomized study of patients with essential hypertension, whose diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was not adequately controlled (DBP > 90 mmHg) following 6 weeks of single-blind treatment with the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalapril, 20 mg once daily. Forty-eight patients started the first period with enalapril after 4 weeks on placebo. In 13 patients DBP fell to < or = 90 mmHg after enalapril for 6 weeks. In this group supine mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced by 13% (P < 0.01). In the patients whose DBP was > 90 mmHg after 6 weeks on enalapril (n = 32) the average supine MAP fell by 9% (P < 0.001). After 3 weeks there was no further drop in blood pressure (BP). Addition of HCTZ to the 32 patients with DBP > 90 mmHg caused a significant further drop in supine BP by 13/7 mmHg with 12.5 mg and by 15/7 mmHg with 25 mg. Seven patients discontinued the study, none due to side effects on enalapril alone. Well-being, assessed with a special questionnaire, was significantly better with enalapril as monotherapy compared with previous treatment, but not different from well-being during the placebo periods. It is concluded that 20 mg enalapril once daily lowered BP effectively and was well tolerated. The maximum BP lowering effect was seen within 3 weeks. Addition of HCTZ caused a significant, and clinically relevant, further drop in BP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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| 5. |
- Dahlöf, Björn, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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The long-term effect of isradipine in pindolol-treated patients.
- 1987
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Ingår i: Journal of hypertension. Supplement : official journal of the International Society of Hypertension. - 0952-1178. ; 5:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The long-term efficacy of isradipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with marked vascular selectivity, was evaluated in 17 patients with essential hypertension. All had a supine diastolic blood pressure of greater than 95 mmHg with 10 mg pindolol once daily. After a short-term, double-blind, dose-finding, crossover comparison with addition of isradipine or placebo twice daily, they continued on pindolol and their optimal dose of isradipine in a single-blind, long-term follow-up study. Eighteen patients were recruited but one male patient discontinued treatment after 2 weeks due to ankle oedema and will not be accounted for in the overall evaluation. There were 11 males and six females with a mean age of 56 +/- 10 years. In the short-term study on the optimal dose of isradipine (5.1 mg twice daily) blood pressure was lowered by 24/18 mmHg (P less than 0.001). No change in heart rate was seen despite the substantial drop in blood pressure. In the long-term study the patients were seen for a mean follow-up time of 12.5 months (range 4-17 months). After the longest follow-up time mean arterial pressure was 107.0 +/- 7.4 compared with 120.1 +/- 8.2 mmHg after placebo baseline [delta = 13 mmHg (11%), P less than 0.001, n = 17]. The heart rate was unchanged (delta = 0.2 beats/min, 95% confidence limits -3, +3), and so was ankle circumference (delta = 0.12 cm, 95% confidence interval, -1, +1). On the other hand, mean weight was reduced by 2 kg from 90 kg (P less than 0.05, n = 17).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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| 6. |
- Eggertsen, Robert, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Hemodynamic effects of loud noise before and after central sympathetic nervous stimulation.
- 1987
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Ingår i: Acta medica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6101. ; 221:2, s. 159-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hemodynamic effects of loud noise after central alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulation were studied in 13 patients with mild (WHO 1) essential hypertension. The patients were randomized (double-blind) to treatment with either placebo or guanfacine 1-2 mg for four weeks and then crossed over and treated for another four weeks. All patients were exposed to a loud broad-band noise (105 dBA for 30 min) and all were studied both on placebo and guanfacine. Guanfacine significantly reduced the resting blood pressure from 141/92 to 134/88 mmHg (p less than 0.01) as well as heart rate at rest from 63 to 58 beats/min (p less than 0.05). Noise stimulation caused a significant increase in blood pressure and resistance in the placebo-treated group, while cardiac output decreased significantly. Pretreatment for one month with the central alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulating agent guanfacine did not block the noise-induced pressor response nor the increase in peripheral resistance. A significant decrease in stroke volume was observed and cardiac output also tended to decrease in this group. It could be concluded that loud noise is a potent pressor stimulus which causes vasoconstriction and that the blood pressure response during noise could not be blocked by the centrally acting antihypertensive agent guanfacine. Since noise causes vasoconstriction it also induces an increased tone in the small arteries and, if the noise stimulus is sufficiently strong and repeated for a long time, it might cause structural changes in the resistance vessels and permanent arterial hypertension in humans.
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| 9. |
- Wienberg, Jes, et al.
(författare)
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Erik Cinthio : en bibliografi 1946-1985
- 1986
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Ingår i: Medeltiden och arkeologin : Festskrift till Erik Cinthio - Festskrift till Erik Cinthio. - 0283-6874. - 9197064823 ; , s. 377-383
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Erik Cinthio - an bibliography 1946-1985: Bibliography for professor in medieval archaeology Erik Cinthio; including contributions in newspapers and encyclopedias.
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| 10. |
- Wienberg, Jes, et al.
(författare)
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Gotiske kirkehvælvinger : et økonomisk perspektiv
- 1986
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Ingår i: Medeltiden och arkeologin : Festskrift till Erik Cinthio - Festskrift till Erik Cinthio. - 0283-6874. - 9197064823 ; 1, s. 213-225
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Gothic church vaults - an economic perspective: The uneven occurence of vaults from the period ca 1275-1550 in the Danish (incl. the Schleswig area) churches is mapped. Presuming that the main function of the vaults was fire protection, and that all congregations wanted their church vaulted, it is argued that the distribution of vaults reflects economic conditions, and the conditions of church building are presented in a model.
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